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| FDC37B78x Super I/O Controller with ACPI Support, Real Time Clock and Consumer IR FEATURES 5 Volt Operation PC98/99 and ACPI 1.0 Compliant Battery Back-up for Wake-Events ISA Plug-and-Play Compatible Register Set 12 IRQ Options 15 Serial IRQ Options 16 Bit Address Qualification Four DMA Options 12mA AT Bus Drivers BIOS Buffer 20 GPI/O Pins 32KHz Standby Clock Output Soft Power Management ACPI/PME Support SCI/SMI Support Watchdog timer Power Button Override Event Either Edge Triggered Interrupts Intelligent Auto Power Management Shadowed Write-only Registers Programmable Wake-up Event Interface 8042 Keyboard Controller 2K Program ROM 256 Bytes Data RAM Asynchronous Access to Two Data Registers and One Status Register Supports Interrupt and Polling Access 8 Bit Timer/Counter Port 92 Support Fast Gate A20 and Hardware Keyboard Reset Real Time Clock Day of Month Alarm, Century Byte MC146818 and DS1287 Compatible 256 Bytes of Battery Backed CMOS in Two Banks of 128 Bytes 128 Bytes of CMOS RAM Lockable in 4x32 Byte Blocks 12 and 24 Hour Time Format Binary and BCD Format 5A Standby Battery Current (max)1 2.88MB Super I/O Floppy Disk Controller Relocatable to 480 Different Addresses Licensed CMOS 765B Floppy Disk Controller Advanced Digital Data Separator SMSC's Proprietary 82077AA Compatible Core Sophisticated Power Control Circuitry (PCC) Including Multiple Powerdown Modes for Reduced Power Consumption Supports Two Floppy Drives Directly Software Write Protect FDC on Parallel Port Low Power CMOS Design Supports Vertical Recording Format 16 Byte Data FIFO 100% IBM Compatibility Detects All Overrun and Underrun Conditions 24mA Drivers and Schmitt Trigger Inputs Enhanced FDC Digital Data Separator Low Cost Implementation No Filter Components Required 2 Mbps, 1 Mbps, 500 Kbps, 300 Kbps, 250 Kbps Data Rates Programmable Precompensation Modes - 1 Serial Ports Relocatable to 480 Different Addresses Two High Speed NS16C550 Compatible UARTs with Send/Receive 16 Byte FIFOs Programmable Baud Rate Generator Modem Control Circuitry Including 230K and 460K Baud IrDA 1.0, Consumer IR, HP-SIR, ASKIR Support Ring Wake Filter Multi-Mode Parallel Port with ChiProtect Relocatable to 480 Different Addresses Standard Mode IBM PC/XT, PC/AT, and PS/2 Compatible Bidirectional ParallelPort Enhanced Mode Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) Compatible EPP 1.7 and EPP 1.9 (IEEE 1284 Compliant) High Speed Mode Microsoft and Hewlett Packard Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) Compatible (IEEE 1284 Compliant) Incorporates ChiProtect Circuitry for Protection Against Damage Due to Printer Power-On 14 mA Output Drivers 128 Pin QFP package, lead-free RoHS compliant package also available - Note 1: Please contact SMSC for the latest value. ORDERING INFORMATION Order Numbers: FDC37B787QFP for 128 pin QFP package FDC37B787-NS for 128 pin QFP lead-free RoHS compliant package 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURES ........................................................................................................................................... 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 6 DESCRIPTION OF PIN FUNCTIONS............................................................................................... 7 BUFFER TYPE DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................... 11 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................................... 13 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION......................................................................................................... 14 SUPER I/O REGISTERS ............................................................................................................... 14 HOST PROCESSOR INTERFACE .............................................................................................. 14 FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER....................................................................................................... 16 FDC INTERNAL REGISTERS ................................................................................................. 16 COMMAND SET/DESCRIPTIONS.......................................................................................... 41 Force Write Protect .................................................................................................................. 70 SERIAL PORT (UART) ..................................................................................................................... 70 REGISTER DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 70 INFRARED INTERFACE .................................................................................................................. 88 PARALLEL PORT ............................................................................................................................. 88 IBM XT/AT COMPATIBLE, BI-DIRECTIONAL AND EPP MODES........................................ 90 EXTENDED CAPABILITIES PARALLEL PORT.......................................................................... 96 PARALLEL PORT FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER.................................................................. 108 POWER MANAGEMENT................................................................................................................ 110 FDC Power Management ...................................................................................................... 110 UART Power Management ................................................................................................... 115 Parallel Port.............................................................................................................................. 115 VBAT Support ............................................................................................................................ 115 VTR Support .............................................................................................................................. 115 Internal PWRGOOD................................................................................................................ 116 CIRCC PLL Power Control ................................................................................................... 116 32.768 kHz Standby Clock Output...................................................................................... 116 BIOS BUFFER.................................................................................................................................. 121 GENERAL PURPOSE I/O .............................................................................................................. 123 3 Description............................................................................................................................... 123 RUN STATE GPIO DATA REGISTER ACCESS................................................................ 123 GPIO OPERATION .................................................................................................................. 127 8042 KEYBOARD CONTROLLER DESCRIPTION ................................................................... 130 RTC INTERFACE............................................................................................................................. 138 SOFT POWER MANAGEMENT.................................................................................................... 148 ACPI/PME/SMI FEATURES........................................................................................................... 152 ACPI Features.......................................................................................................................... 152 Wake Events ............................................................................................................................. 153 PME SUPPORT........................................................................................................................ 154 ACPI/PME/SMI REGISTERS...................................................................................................... 154 Register Description................................................................................................................. 154 Wakeup Event Configuration is Retained by Battery Power ...................................... 156 Register Block......................................................................................................................... 156 ACPI REGISTERS ................................................................................................................... 157 CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................................................... 168 SYSTEM ELEMENTS .................................................................................................................. 168 Entering the Configuration State........................................................................................ 149 Exiting the Configuration State .......................................................................................... 149 CONFIGURATION SEQUENCE............................................................................................ 149 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS ................................................................................................... 172 Chip Level (Global) Control/Configuration Registers [0x00-0x2F]............................ 176 Logical Device Configuration/Control Registers [0x30-0xFF] .................................... 179 Logical Device Registers...................................................................................................... 179 I/O Base Address Configuration Register........................................................................ 181 Interrupt Select Configuration Register ........................................................................... 183 DMA Channel Select Configuration Register.................................................................. 184 SMSC Defined Logical Device Configuration Registers .............................................. 185 Parallel Port, Logical Device 3 ............................................................................................ 188 Serial Port 1, Logical Device 4 ............................................................................................ 189 Serial Port 2, Logical Device 5 ............................................................................................ 191 RTC, Logical Device 6 ........................................................................................................... 192 KYBD, Logical Device 7 ........................................................................................................ 193 Auxiliary I/O, Logical Device 8 ............................................................................................ 194 ACPI, Logical Device A ......................................................................................................... 212 OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 218 MAXIMUM GUARANTEED RATINGS ...................................................................................... 218 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................... 218 4 AC TIMING DIAGRAMS .............................................................................................................. 223 CAPACITIVE LOADING ......................................................................................................... 223 IOW Timing Port 92 ................................................................................................................ 224 POWER-UP TIMING................................................................................................................ 225 Button Timing.......................................................................................................................... 226 ROM INTERFACE.................................................................................................................... 227 ISA WRITE ................................................................................................................................ 228 ISA READ.................................................................................................................................. 229 8042 CPU .................................................................................................................................. 231 CLOCK TIMING........................................................................................................................ 232 Burst Transfer DMA Timing ................................................................................................. 235 DISK DRIVE TIMING ............................................................................................................... 237 SERIAL PORT .......................................................................................................................... 238 Parallel Port.............................................................................................................................. 239 EPP 1.9 Data or Address Write Cycle................................................................................ 240 EPP 1.9 Data or Address Read Cycle................................................................................ 242 EPP 1.7 Data Or Address Write Cycle ............................................................................... 244 EPP 1.7 Data or Address Read Cycle................................................................................ 246 ECP PARALLEL PORT TIMING ........................................................................................... 249 Serial Port Infrared Timing................................................................................................... 254 5 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The FDC37B78x with advanced Consumer IR and IrDA v1.0 support incorporates a keyboard interface, real-time clock, SMSC's true CMOS 765B floppy disk controller, advanced digital data separator, 16 byte data FIFO, two 16C550 compatible UARTs, one Multi-Mode parallel port which includes ChiProtect circuitry plus EPP and ECP support, on-chip 12 mA AT bus drivers, and two floppy direct drive support, soft power management and SMI support and Intelligent Power Management including PME and SCI/ACPI support. The true CMOS 765B core provides 100% compatibility with IBM PC/XT and PC/AT architectures in addition to providing data overflow and underflow protection. The SMSC advanced digital data separator incorporates SMSC's patented data separator technology, allowing for ease of testing and use. Both on-chip UARTs are compatible with the NS16C550. The parallel port, the IDE interface, and the game port select logic are compatible with IBM PC/AT architecture, as well as EPP and ECP. The FDC37B78x incorporates sophisticated power control circuitry (PCC) which includes support for keyboard, mouse, modem ring, power button support and consumer infrared wake-up events. The PCC supports multiple low power down modes. The FDC37B78x provides features for compliance with the "Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification" (ACPI). These features include support of both legacy and ACPI power management models through the selection of SMI or SCI. It implements a power button override event (4 second button hold to turn off the system) and either edge triggered interrupts. The FDC37B78x provides support for the ISA Plug-and-Play Standard (Version 1.0a) and provides for the recommended functionality to support Windows '95, PC97 and PC98. Through internal configuration registers, each of the FDC37B78x 's logical device's I/O address, DMA channel and IRQ channel may be programmed. There are 480 I/O address location options, 12 IRQ options or Serial IRQ option, and four DMA channel options for each logical device. The FDC37B78x Floppy Disk Controller and separator do not require any external components and are therefore easy to use, lower system cost and reduced board area. FDC is software and register compatible SMSC's proprietary 82077AA core. data filter offer The with 6 PD7 VSS SLCT PE BUSY nACK nERROR nALF nSTROBE RXD1 TXD1 nDSR1 nRTS1/SYSOP nCTS1 nDTR1 nRI1 nDCD1 nRI2 VCC nDCD2 RXD2/IRRX TXD2/IRTX nDSR2 nRTS2 nCTS2 nDTR2 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 DRVDEN0 DRVDEN1/GP52/IRQ8/nSMI nMTR0 nMTR1/GP16 nDS0 nDS1/GP17 VSS nDIR nSTEP nWDATA nWGATE nHDSEL nINDEX nTRK0 nWRTPRT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 FDC37B78x 128 Pin QFP FIGURE 1 - FDC37B78x PIN CONFIGURATION 6 nRDATA nDSKCHG CLK32OUT nPOWERON BUTTON_IN nPME/SCI/IRQ9 CLOCKI SA0 SA1 SA2 SA3 SA4 SA5 SA6 SA7 SA8 SA9 SA10 SA11 SA12 SA13 SA14 SA15 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 102 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 IOCHRDY TC VCC DRQ3 nDACK3 DRQ2 nDACK2 DRQ1 nDACK1 DRQ0 nDACK0 RESET_DRV SD7 SD6 SD5 SD4 VSS SD3 SD2 SD1 SD0 AEN nIOW nIOR SER_IRQ/IRQ15 PCI_CLK/IRQ14/GP50 PD6 PD5 PD4 PD3 PD2 PD1 PD0 nSLCTIN nINIT VCC nROMOE/IRQ12/GP54/EETI nROMCS/IRQ11/GP53/EETI RD7/IRQ10/GP67 RD6/IRQ8/GP66 RD5/IRQ7/GP65 RD4/IRQ6/GP64/P17 RD3/IRQ5/GP63/WDT RD2/IRQ4/GP62/nRING RD1/IRQ3/GP61/LED RD0/IRQ1/GP60/nSMI GP15/IRTX2 GP14/IRRX2 GP13/LED GP12/WDT/P17/EETI GP11/nRING/EETI GP10/nSMI A20M KBDRST VSS MCLK MDAT KCLK KDAT VTR XTAL2 AVSS XTAL1 VBAT DESCRIPTION OF PIN FUNCTIONS PIN No./QFP NAME TOTAL SYMBOL BUFFER TYPE PROCESSOR/HOST INTERFACE (40) 44-47, 49-52 23-38 43 64 53 40 39 55 57 59 61 54 56 58 60 63 41 42 16-bit System Address Bus Address Enable I/O Channel Ready ISA Reset Drive Serial IRQ/IRQ15 PCI Clock/IRQ14/GP50 DMA Request 0 DMA Request 1 DMA Request 2 DMA Request 3 DMA Acknowledge 0 DMA Acknowledge 1 DMA Acknowledge 2 DMA Acknowledge 3 Terminal Count I/O Read I/O Write CLOCKS (4) 22 66 68 18 14.318MHz Clock Input 32.768kHz Crystal Input 32.768kHz Crystal Driver 32.768kHz Clock Out POWER PINS (10) 62, 93, 121 +5V Supply Voltage 3 VCC 1 1 1 1 CLOCKI XTAL1 XTAL2 CLK32OUT I ICLK OCLK O8 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SA[0:15] AEN IOCHRDY RESET_DRV SER_IRQ PCI_CLK DRQ0 DRQ1 DRQ2 DRQ3 nDACK0 nDACK1 nDACK2 nDACK3 TC nIOR nIOW I I OD12 IS IO12 IO12 O12 O12 O12 O12 I I I I I I I System Data Bus 8 SD[0:7] IO12 7 PIN No./QFP 7, 48, 74, 104 67 69 65 Analog Ground Digital Ground NAME TOTAL 4 SYMBOL VSS BUFFER TYPE 1 1 1 POWER MANAGEMENT (3) AVSS VTR VBAT Trickle Supply Voltage Battery Voltage 19 20 21 Power On Button In Power Management Event/SCI/IRQ9 FDD INTERFACE (16) 1 1 1 nPOWERON BUTTON_IN nPME OD24 I O12 16 11 10 12 8 9 17 5 6 3 4 15 14 13 1 2 Read Disk Data Write Gate Write Disk Data Head Select Step Direction Step Pulse Disk Change Drive Select 0 Drive Select 1/GP17 Motor On 0 Motor On 1/GP16 Write Protected Track 0 Index Pulse Input Drive Density Select 0 Drive Density Select 1/GP52/IRQ8/nSMI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 nRDATA nWGATE nWDATA nHDSEL nDIR nSTEP nDSKCHG nDS0 nDS1 nMTR0 nMTR1 nWRTPRT nTRKO nINDEX DRVDEN0 DRVDEN1 IS O24 O24 O24 O24 O24 IS O24 IO24 O24 IO24 IS IS IS O24 IO24 GENERAL PURPOSE I/O (6) 77 78 General Purpose 10/nSMI General Purpose 11/nRING/EETI 1 1 GP10 GP11 IO12 IO4 8 PIN No./QFP 79 80 81 82 NAME General Purpose 12/WDT/P17/EETI General Purpose 13/LED Driver General Purpose 14/Infrared Rx General Purpose 15/Infrared Tx (Note 3) TOTAL 1 1 1 1 SYMBOL GP12 GP13 GP14 GP15 BUFFER TYPE IO4 IO24 IO4 IO24 BIOS INTERFACE (10) 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 ROM Bus 0/IRQ1/GP60/nSMI ROM Bus 1/IRQ3/GP61/LED ROM Bus 2/IRQ4/GP62/nRING ROM Bus 3/IRQ5/GP63/WDT ROM Bus 4/IRQ6/GP64/P17 ROM Bus 5/IRQ7/GP65 ROM Bus 6/IRQ8/GP66 ROM Bus 7/IRQ10/GP67 nROMCS/IRQ11/GP53/EETI nROMOE/IRQ12/GP54/EETI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 RD0 RD1 RD2 RD3 RD4 RD5 RD6 RD7 nROMCS nROMOE IO12 IO24 IO12 IO12 IO12 IO12 IO12 IO12 IO12 IO12 SERIAL PORT 1 INTERFACE (8) 112 113 115 116 117 114 119 118 Receive Serial Data 1 Transmit Serial Data 1 Request to Send 1 Clear to Send 1 Data Terminal Ready 1 Data Set Ready 1 Data Carrier Detect 1 Ring Indicator 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SERIAL PORT 2 INTERFACE (8) 123 124 126 Receive Serial Data 2/Infrared Rx Transmit Serial Data 2/Infrared Tx (Note 3) Request to Send 2 1 1 1 RXD2/IRRX TXD2/IRTX nRTS2 I O24 O4 RXD1 TXD1 nRTS1/ SYSOP nCTS1 nDTR1 nDSR1 nDCD1 nRI1 I O4 IO4 I O4 I I I 9 PIN No./QFP 127 128 125 122 120 Clear to Send 2 NAME TOTAL 1 1 1 1 1 SYMBOL nCTS2 nDTR2 nDSR2 nDCD2 nRI2 BUFFER TYPE I O4 I I I Data Terminal Ready Data Set Ready 2 Data Carrier Detect 2 Ring Indicator 2 PARALLEL PORT INTERFACE (17) 96-103 95 94 110 111 107 108 106 105 109 Parallel Port Data Bus Printer Select Initiate Output Auto Line Feed Strobe Signal Busy Signal Acknowledge Handshake Paper End Printer Selected Error at Printer 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KEYBOARD/MOUSE INTERFACE (6) 70 71 72 73 75 76 Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 Keyboard Data Keyboard Clock Mouse Data Mouse Clock Keyboard Reset Gate A20 1 1 1 1 1 1 KDAT KCLK MDAT MCLK KBDRST (Note 2) A20M IOD16 IOD16 IOD16 IOD16 O4 O4 PD[0:7] nSLCTIN nINIT nALF nSTROBE BUSY nACK PE SLCT nERROR IOP14 OP14 OP14 OP14 OP14 I I I I I The "n" as the first letter of a signal name indicates an "Active Low" signal. KBDRST is active low. This pin defaults to an output and low. 10 BUFFER TYPE DESCRIPTIONS SYMBOL I IS ICLK OCLK IO4 O4 O8 IO12 O12 OD12 IOP14 OD14 OP14 IOD16 O24 OD24 IO24 TABLE 1 - BUFFER TYPES DESCRIPTION Input, TTL compatible. Input with Schmitt trigger. RTC 32.768 kHz crystal input. RTC 32.768 kHz crystal output. Input/Output, 4mA sink, 2mA source. Output, 4mA sink, 2mA source. Output, 8mA sink, 4mA source. Input/Output, 12mA sink, 6mA source. Output, 12mA sink, 6mA source. Output, Open Drain, 12 mA sink. Input/Output, 14mA sink, 14mA source. Backdrive Protected. Output, Open Drain, 14mA sink. Output, 14mA sink, 14mA source. Backdrive Protected. Input/Output, Open Drain, 16mA sink Output, 24mA sink, 12mA source. Output, Open Drain, 24mA sink. Input/Output, 24mA sink, 12mA source. 11 PME#/SCI nSMI* nROMOE* nROMCS* RD[0:7]* MULTI-MODE PARALLEL PORT/FDC MUX nPowerOn Button_In SOFT POWER MANAGEMENT PME/ ACPI nSMI BIOS BUFFER PD0-7 BUSY, SLCT, PE, nERROR, nACK nSTB, nSLCTIN, nINIT, nALF POWER MANAGEMENT DATA BUS SER_IRQ PCI_CLK SERIAL IRQ ADDRESS BUS GENERAL PURPOSE I/O GP1[0:7]* GP5[0,2:4]* GP6[0:7]* nIOR CONFIGURATION nIOW REGISTERS 16C550 COMPATIBLE SERIAL PORT 1 TXD1 RXD1 nDSR1, nDCD1, nRI1, nDTR1 nCTS1, nRTS1 AEN CONTROL BUS SA[0:15] SD[O:7] HOST IRTX IRRX WDATA DRQ[0:3] CPU INTERFACE nDACK[0:3] SMSC PROPRIETARY TC 82077 COMPATIBLE VERTICAL FLOPPYDISK CONTROLLER CORE RCLOCK IOCHRDY RDATA RTC DIGITAL DATA SEPARATOR WITH WRITE PRECOMPENSATION 8042 WCLOCK 16C550 COMPATIBLE SERIAL PORT 2 WITH INFRARED TXD2(IRTX) RXD2(IRRX) nDSR2, nDCD2, nRI2, nDTR2 nCTS2, nRTS2 IRQ[1,3-12,14] KCLK KDATA MCLK MDATA P20, P21 P17* XTAL1,2 VBAT RESET_DRV CLK32OUT nINDEX nTRK0 nDSKCHG nWRPRT nWGATE Vcc Vtr Vss nSTEP nHDSEL DENSEL nDIR nDS0,1 nMTR0,1 DRVDEN0 DRVDEN1 nWDATA nRDATA CLOCK GEN CLOCKI (14.318) *Multi-Function I/O Pin - Optional FIGURE 2 - FDC37B78x BLOCK DIAGRAM 12 GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PINS TABLE 2 - GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PIN FUNCTIONS DEFAULT ALT ALT ALT BUFFER FUNCT FUNCT 1 FUNCT 2 FUNCT 3 TYPE PIN NO. QFP 77 GPIO nSMI IO12 GP10 78 GPIO nRING EETI1 IO4 GP11 79 GPIO WDT P17 EETI1 IO4 GP12 80 GPIO LED IO24 GP13 81 GPIO IRRX2 IO4 GP14 82 GPIO IRTX2 IO24 GP15 4 nMTR1 GPIO IO24 GP16 6 nDS1 GPIO IO24 GP17 IO12 39 PCI_CLK IRQ14 GPIO GP50 2 DRVDEN1 GPIO IRQ8 nSMI IO24 GP52 IO12 91 nROMCS2 IRQ11 GPIO EETI1 GP53 2 IO12 92 nROMOE IRQ12 GPIO EETI1 GP54 IO12 83 RD02,3 IRQ1 GPIO nSMI GP60 IO24 84 RD12,3 IRQ3 GPIO LED GP61 IO12 85 RD22,3 IRQ4 GPIO nRING GP62 IO12 86 RD32,3 IRQ5 GPIO WDT GP63 IO12 87 RD42,3 IRQ6 GPIO P17 GP64 IO12 88 RD52,3 IRQ7 GPIO GP65 IO12 89 RD62,3 IRQ8 GPIO GP66 IO12 90 RD72,3 IRQ10 GPIO GP67 Note 1 Either Edge Triggered Interrupt Inputs. Note 2 At power-up, RD0-7, nROMCS and nROMOE function as the XD Bus. To use RD0-7 for alternate functions, nROMCS must stay high until those pins are finished being programmed. Note 3 These pins cannot be programmed as open drain pins in their original function. INDEX REGISTE R GP1 GP1 GP1 GP1 GP1 GP1 GP1 GP1 GP5 GP5 GP5 GP5 GP6 GP6 GP6 GP6 GP6 GP6 GP6 GP6 GPIO REFERENCE DOCUMENTS SMSC Consumer Infrared Communications Controller (CIrCC) V1.X IEEE 1284 Extended Capabilities Port Protocol and ISA Standard, Rev. 1.14, July 14, 1993. Hardware Description of the 8042, Intel 8 bit Embedded Controller Handbook. PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification, Rev. 1.0, Draft, March 18, 1997. 13 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION SUPER I/O REGISTERS The address map, shown below in Table 4, shows the addresses of the different blocks of the Super I/O immediately after power up. The base addresses of the FDC, serial and parallel ports can be moved via the configuration registers. Some addresses are used to access more than one register. HOST PROCESSOR INTERFACE The host processor communicates with the FDC37B78x through a series of read/write registers. The port addresses for these registers are shown in Table 4. Register access is accomplished through programmed I/O or DMA transfers. All registers are 8 bits wide. All host interface output buffers are capable of sinking a minimum of 12 mA. TABLE 3 - SUPER I/O BLOCK ADDRESSES LOGICAL ADDRESS BLOCK NAME DEVICE Base+(0-5) and +(7) Floppy Disk 0 3 Parallel Port SPP Base+(0-3) EPP Base+(0-7) ECP Base+(0-3), +(400-402) ECP+EPP+SPP Base+(0-7), +(400-402) Base+(0-7) Serial Port Com 1 4 Base1+(0-7) Serial Port Com 2 5 Base2+(0-7) 70,71, Base, Base+(1) RTC 6 60, 64 KYBD 7 Base + (0-17h) ACPI, PME, SMI A Base + (0-1) Configuration NOTES IR Support Consumer IR Note 1: Refer to the configuration register descriptions for setting the base address. 14 FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER The Floppy Disk Controller (FDC) provides the interface between a host microprocessor and the floppy disk drives. The FDC integrates the functions of the Formatter/Controller, Digital Data Separator, Write Precompensation and Data Rate Selection logic for an IBM XT/AT compatible FDC. The true CMOS 765B core guarantees 100% IBM PC XT/AT compatibility in addition to providing data overflow and underflow protection. The FDC is compatible to the 82077AA using SMSC's proprietary floppy disk controller core. FDC INTERNAL REGISTERS The Floppy Disk Controller contains eight internal registers that facilitate the interfacing between the host microprocessor and the disk drive. TABLE 4 shows the addresses required to access these registers. Registers other than the ones shown are not supported. The rest of the description assumes that the primary addresses have been selected. TABLE 4 - STATUS, DATA AND CONTROL REGISTERS (Shown with base addresses of 3F0 and 370) PRIMARY SECONDARY ADDRESS ADDRESS R/W REGISTER Status Register A (SRA) R 370 3F0 Status Register B (SRB) R 371 3F1 Digital Output Register (DOR) R/W 372 3F2 Tape Drive Register (TSR) R/W 373 3F3 Main Status Register (MSR) R 374 3F4 Data Rate Select Register (DSR) W 374 3F4 Data (FIFO) R/W 375 3F5 Reserved 376 3F6 Digital Input Register (DIR) R 377 3F7 Configuration Control Register (CCR) W 377 3F7 16 STATUS REGISTER A (SRA) Address 3F0 READ ONLY This register is read-only and monitors the state of the FINTR pin and several disk interface pins in PS/2 and Model 30 modes. The SRA can be accessed at any time when in PS/2 mode. In the PC/AT mode the data bus pins D0 - D7 are held in a high impedance state for a read of address 3F0. PS/2 Mode 7 INT PENDING 0 6 nDRV2 1 5 STEP 0 4 3 2 nTRK0 HDSEL nINDX N/A 0 N/A 1 nWP N/A 0 DIR 0 RESET COND. BIT 0 DIRECTION Active high status indicating the direction of head movement. A logic "1" indicates inward direction; a logic "0" indicates outward direction. BIT 1 nWRITE PROTECT Active low status of the WRITE PROTECT disk interface input. A logic "0" indicates that the disk is write protected. (See also Force Write Protect Function) BIT 2 nINDEX Active low status of the INDEX disk interface input. BIT 3 HEAD SELECT Active high status of the HDSEL disk interface input. A logic "1" selects side 1 and a logic "0" selects side 0. BIT 4 nTRACK 0 Active low status of the TRK0 disk interface input. BIT 5 STEP Active high status of the STEP output disk interface output pin. BIT 6 nDRV2 Active low status of the DRV2 disk interface input pin, indicating that a second drive has been installed. Note: This function is not supported in this chip. (Always 1, indicating 1 drive) BIT 7 INTERRUPT PENDING Active high bit indicating the state of the Floppy Disk Interrupt output. 17 PS/2 Model 30 Mode 7 INT PENDING 0 6 DRQ 0 5 STEP F/F 0 4 TRK0 N/A 3 nHDSEL 1 2 INDX N/A 1 WP N/A 0 nDIR 1 RESET COND. BIT 0 nDIRECTION Active low status indicating the direction of head movement. A logic "0" indicates inward direction; a logic "1" indicates outward direction. BIT 1 WRITE PROTECT Active high status of the WRITE PROTECT disk interface input. A logic "1" indicates that the disk is write protected. (See also Force Write Protect Function) BIT 2 INDEX Active high status of the INDEX disk interface input. BIT 3 nHEAD SELECT Active low status of the HDSEL disk interface input. A logic "0" selects side 1 and a logic "1" selects side 0. BIT 4 TRACK 0 Active high status of the TRK0 disk interface input. BIT 5 STEP Active high status of the latched STEP disk interface output pin. This bit is latched with the STEP output going active, and is cleared with a read from the DIR register, or with a hardware or software reset. BIT 6 DMA REQUEST Active high status of the DRQ output pin. BIT 7 INTERRUPT PENDING Active high bit indicating the state of the Floppy Disk Interrupt output. 18 STATUS REGISTER B (SRB) Address 3F1 READ ONLY This register is read-only and monitors the state of several disk interface pins in PS/2 and Model 30 modes. The SRB can be accessed at any time when in PS/2 mode. In the PC/AT mode the data bus pins D0 - D7 are held in a high impedance state for a read of address 3F1. PS/2 Mode 7 1 RESET COND. 1 6 1 1 5 4 3 2 DRIVE WDATA RDATA WGATE SEL0 TOGGLE TOGGLE 0 0 0 0 1 MOT EN1 0 0 MOT EN0 0 BIT 0 MOTOR ENABLE 0 Active high status of the MTR0 disk interface output pin. This bit is low after a hardware reset and unaffected by a software reset. BIT 1 MOTOR ENABLE 1 Active high status of the MTR1 disk interface output pin. This bit is low after a hardware reset and unaffected by a software reset. BIT 2 WRITE GATE Active high status of the WGATE disk interface output. BIT 3 READ DATA TOGGLE Every inactive edge of the RDATA input causes this bit to change state. BIT 4 WRITE DATA TOGGLE Every inactive edge of the WDATA input causes this bit to change state. BIT 5 DRIVE SELECT 0 Reflects the status of the Drive Select 0 bit of the DOR (address 3F2 bit 0). This bit is cleared after a hardware reset and it is unaffected by a software reset. BIT 6 RESERVED Always read as a logic "1". BIT 7 RESERVED Always read as a logic "1". 19 PS/2 Model 30 Mode 7 nDRV2 RESET COND. N/A 6 nDS1 1 5 nDS0 1 4 WDATA F/F 0 3 RDATA F/F 0 2 WGATE F/F 0 1 nDS3 1 0 nDS2 1 BIT 0 nDRIVE SELECT 2 The DS2 disk interface is not supported. (Always 1) BIT 1 nDRIVE SELECT 3 The DS3 disk interface is not supported. (Always 1) BIT 2 WRITE GATE Active high status of the latched WGATE output signal. This bit is latched by the active going edge of WGATE and is cleared by the read of the DIR register. BIT 3 READ DATA Active high status of the latched RDATA output signal. This bit is latched by the inactive going edge of RDATA and is cleared by the read of the DIR register. BIT 4 WRITE DATA Active high status of the latched WDATA output signal. This bit is latched by the inactive going edge of WDATA and is cleared by the read of the DIR register. This bit is not gated with WGATE. BIT 5 nDRIVE SELECT 0 Active low status of the DS0 disk interface output. BIT 6 nDRIVE SELECT 1 Active low status of the DS1 disk interface output. BIT 7 nDRV2 Active low status of the DRV2 disk interface input, this is not supported. (Always 1) 20 DIGITAL OUTPUT REGISTER (DOR) Address 3F2 READ/WRITE The DOR controls the drive select and motor enables of the disk interface outputs. It also contains the enable for the DMA logic and a software reset bit. The contents of the DOR are unaffected by a software reset. The DOR can be written to at any time. 7 MOT EN3 0 6 MOT EN2 0 5 MOT EN1 0 4 MOT EN0 0 3 DMAEN 0 2 1 0 nRESE DRIVE DRIVE T SEL1 SEL0 0 0 0 RESET COND. BIT 0 and 1 DRIVE SELECT These two bits are binary encoded for the drive selects, thereby allowing only one drive to be selected at one time. BIT 2 nRESET A logic "0" written to this bit resets the Floppy disk controller. This reset will remain active until a logic "1" is written to this bit. This software reset does not affect the DSR and CCR registers, nor does it affect the other bits of the DOR register. The minimum reset duration required is 100ns, therefore toggling this bit by consecutive writes to this register is a valid method of issuing a software reset. BIT 3 DMAEN PC/AT and Model 30 Mode: Writing this bit to logic "1" will enable the DRQ, nDACK, TC and FINTR outputs. This bit being a logic "0" will disable the nDACK and TC inputs, and hold the DRQ and FINTR outputs in a high impedance state. This bit is a logic "0" after a reset and in these modes. PS/2 Mode: In this mode the DRQ, nDACK, TC and FINTR pins are always enabled. During a reset, the DRQ, nDACK, TC, and FINTR pins will remain enabled, but this bit will be cleared to a logic "0". BIT 4 MOTOR ENABLE 0 This bit controls the MTR0 disk interface output. A logic "1" in this bit will cause the output pin to go active. BIT 5 MOTOR ENABLE 1 This bit controls the MTR1 disk interface output. A logic "1" in this bit will cause the output pin to go active. BIT 6 MOTOR ENABLE 2 The MTR2 disk interface output is not. (Always 0) BIT 7 MOTOR ENABLE 3 The MTR3 disk interface output is not. (Always 0) Table 6 - Drive Activation Values DRIVE DOR VALUE 0 1CH 1 2DH 21 TAPE DRIVE REGISTER (TDR) Address 3F3 READ/WRITE TABLE 7 - TAPE SELECT BITS TAPE SEL1 (TDR.1) 0 0 1 1 TAPE SEL0 (TDR.0) 0 1 0 1 DRIVE SELECTED None 1 2 3 The Tape Drive Register (TDR) is included for 82077 software compatibility and allows the user to assign tape support to a particular drive during initialization. Any future references to that drive automatically invokes tape support. The TDR Tape Select bits TDR.[1:0] determine the tape drive number. TABLE 7 illustrates the Tape Select Bit encoding. Note that drive 0 is the boot device and cannot be assigned tape support. The remaining Tape Drive Register bits TDR.[7:2] are tristated when read. The TDR is unaffected by a software reset. 22 TABLE 8 - INTERNAL 2 DRIVE DECODE - NORMAL DRIVE SELECT OUTPUTS MOTOR ON OUTPUTS DIGITAL OUTPUT REGISTER (ACTIVE LOW) (ACTIVE LOW) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit1 Bit 0 nDS1 nDS0 nMTR1 nMTR0 X X X 1 0 X X 1 X 0 X 1 X X 0 1 X X X 0 0 0 1 1 X 0 1 0 1 X 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 TABLE 9 - INTERNAL 2 DRIVE DECODE - DRIVES 0 AND 1 SWAPPED DRIVE SELECT MOTOR ON OUTPUTS DIGITAL OUTPUT REGISTER OUTPUTS (ACTIVE LOW) (ACTIVE LOW) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit1 Bit 0 nDS1 nDS0 nMTR1 nMTR0 X X X 1 0 X X 1 X 0 X 1 X X 0 1 X X X 0 0 0 1 1 X 0 1 0 1 X 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 4 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 nBIT 5 23 Normal Floppy Mode Normal mode. Register 3F3 contains only bits 0 and 1. When this register is read, bits 2 - 7 are a high impedance. DB7 REG 3F3 Tri-state DB6 Tri-state DB5 Tri-state DB4 Tri-state DB3 Tri-state DB2 Tri-state DB1 tape sel1 DB0 tape sel0 Enhanced Floppy Mode 2 (OS2) Register 3F3 for Enhanced Floppy Mode 2 operation. DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 tape sel1 DB0 tape sel0 REG 3F3 Reserved Reserved Drive Type ID Floppy Boot Drive TABLE 10 - DRIVE TYPE ID DIGITAL OUTPUT REGISTER REGISTER 3F3 - DRIVE TYPE ID Bit 1 0 0 1 1 Bit 0 0 1 0 1 Bit 5 L0-CRF2 - B1 L0-CRF2 - B3 L0-CRF2 - B5 L0-CRF2 - B7 Bit 4 L0-CRF2 - B0 L0-CRF2 - B2 L0-CRF2 - B4 L0-CRF2 - B6 Note:L0-CRF2-Bx = Logical Device 0, Configuration Register F2, Bit x. 24 DATA RATE SELECT REGISTER (DSR) Address 3F4 WRITE ONLY This register is write only. It is used to program the data rate, amount of write precompensation, power down status, and software reset. The data rate is programmed using the Configuration Control Register (CCR) not the DSR, for PC/AT and PS/2 Model 30 and Microchannel applications. Other applications can set the data rate in the DSR. The data rate of the floppy controller is the most recent write of either the DSR or CCR. The DSR is unaffected by a software reset. A hardware reset will set the DSR to 02H, which corresponds to the default precompensation setting and 250 Kbps. RESET COND. 7 6 S/W POWER RESET DOWN 0 0 5 0 0 4 PRECOMP2 0 3 PRECOMP1 0 2 1 0 PREDRATE DRATE COMP0 SEL1 SEL0 0 1 0 BIT 0 and 1 DATA RATE SELECT These bits control the data rate of the floppy controller. See Table 11 for the settings corresponding to the individual data rates. The data rate select bits are unaffected by a software reset, and are set to 250 Kbps after a hardware reset. BIT 2 through 4 PRECOMPENSATION SELECT These three bits select the value of write precompensation that will be applied to the WDATA output signal. Table 10 shows the precompensation values for the combination of these bits settings. Track 0 is the default starting track number to start precompensation. this starting track number can be changed by the configure command. BIT 5 UNDEFINED Should be written as a logic "0". BIT 6 LOW POWER A logic "1" written to this bit will put the floppy controller into manual low power mode. The floppy controller clock and data mode after a software reset or access to the Data Register or Main Status Register. BIT 7 SOFTWARE RESET This active high bit has the same function as the DOR RESET (DOR bit 2) except that this bit is self clearing. Note: The DSR is Shadowed in the Floppy Data Rate Select Shadow Register, LD8:CRC2[7:0]. separator circuits will be turned off. The controller will come out of manual low power. 25 TABLE 11 - PRECOMPENSATION DELAYS PRECOMPENSATION PRECOMP DELAY (nsec) 432 111 001 010 011 100 101 110 000 <2Mbps 0.00 41.67 83.34 125.00 166.67 208.33 250.00 Default 2Mbps 0 20.8 41.7 62.5 83.3 104.2 125 Default Default: See Table 14 DRIVE RATE DRT1 DRT0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 TABLE 12 - DATA RATES DATA RATE DATA RATE SEL1 SEL0 MFM FM 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1Meg 500 300 250 1Meg 500 500 250 1Meg 500 2Meg 250 --250 150 125 --250 250 125 --250 --125 DENSEL 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 DRATE(1) 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Drive Rate Table (Recommended)00 = 360K, 1.2M, 720K, 1.44M and 2.88M Vertical Format 01 = 3-Mode Drive 10 = 2 Meg Tape Note 1: The DRATE and DENSEL values are mapped onto the DRVDEN pins. 26 DT1 0 DT0 0 TABLE 13 - DRVDEN MAPPING DRVDEN1 (1) DRVDEN0 (1) DRIVE TYPE DRATE0 DENSEL 4/2/1 MB 3.5" 2/1 MB 5.25" FDDS 2/1.6/1 MB 3.5" (3-MODE) DRATE0 DRATE0 DRATE1 DRATE1 nDENSEL DRATE0 PS/2 1 0 1 0 1 1 TABLE 14 - DEFAULT PRECOMPENSATION DELAYS DATA RATE 2 Mbps 1 Mbps 500 Kbps 300 Kbps 250 Kbps PRECOMPENSATION DELAYS 20.8 ns 41.67 ns 125 ns 125 ns 125 ns 27 MAIN STATUS REGISTER Address 3F4 READ ONLY The Main Status Register is a read-only register and indicates the status of the disk controller. The Main Status Register can be read at any time. The MSR indicates when the disk controller is ready to receive data via the Data Register. It should be read before each byte transferring to or from the data register except in DMA mode. No delay is required when reading the MSR after a data transfer. 7 RQM 6 DIO 5 NON DMA 4 CMD BUSY 3 2 1 DRV1 BUSY 0 DRV0 BUSY Reserved Reserved BIT 0 - 1 DRV x BUSY These bits are set to 1s when a drive is in the seek portion of a command, including implied and overlapped seeks and recalibrates. BIT 4 COMMAND BUSY This bit is set to a 1 when a command is in progress. This bit will go active after the command byte has been accepted and goes inactive at the end of the results phase. If there is no result phase (Seek, Recalibrate commands), this bit is returned to a 0 after the last command byte. BIT 5 NON-DMA This mode is selected in the SPECIFY command and will be set to a 1 during the execution phase of a command. This is for polled data transfers and helps differentiate between the data transfer phase and the reading of result bytes. BIT 6 DIO Indicates the direction of a data transfer once a RQM is set. A 1 indicates a read and a 0 indicates a write is required. BIT 7 RQM Indicates that the host can transfer data if set to a 1. No access is permitted if set to a 0. DATA REGISTER (FIFO) Address 3F5 READ/WRITE All command parameter information, disk data and result status are transferred between the host processor and the floppy disk controller through the Data Register. Data transfers are governed by the RQM and DIO bits in the Main Status Register. The Data Register defaults to FIFO disabled mode after any form of reset. This maintains PC/AT hardware compatibility. The default values can be changed through the Configure command (enable full FIFO operation with threshold control). The advantage of the FIFO is that it allows the system a larger DMA latency without causing a disk error. TABLE 15 gives several examples of the delays with a FIFO. The data is based upon the following formula: 1 Threshold # x DATA RATE x8 - 1.5 s = DELAY At the start of a command, the FIFO action is always disabled and command parameters must be sent based upon the RQM and DIO bit settings. As the command execution phase is entered, the FIFO is cleared of any data to ensure that invalid data is not transferred. An overrun or underrun will terminate the current command and the transfer of data. Disk writes will complete the current sector by 28 generating a 00 pattern and valid CRC. Reads require the host to remove the remaining data so that the result phase may be entered. TABLE 15 - FIFO SERVICE DELAY FIFO THRESHOLD MAXIMUM DELAY TO SERVICING AT EXAMPLES 2 Mbps DATA RATE 1 byte 2 bytes 8 bytes 15 bytes FIFO THRESHOLD EXAMPLES 1 byte 2 bytes 8 bytes 15 bytes FIFO THRESHOLD EXAMPLES 1 byte 2 bytes 8 bytes 15 bytes 1 x 4 s - 1.5 s = 2.5 s 2 x 4 s - 1.5 s = 6.5 s 8 x 4 s - 1.5 s = 30.5 s 15 x 4 s - 1.5 s = 58.5 s MAXIMUM DELAY TO SERVICING AT 1 Mbps DATA RATE 1 x 8 s - 1.5 s = 6.5 s 2 x 8 s - 1.5 s = 14.5 s 8 x 8 s - 1.5 s = 62.5 s 15 x 8 s - 1.5 s = 118.5 s MAXIMUM DELAY TO SERVICING AT 500 Kbps DATA RATE 1 x 16 s - 1.5 s = 14.5 s 2 x 16 s - 1.5 s = 30.5 s 8 x 16 s - 1.5 s = 126.5 s 15 x 16 s - 1.5 s = 238.5 s 29 DIGITAL INPUT REGISTER (DIR) Address 3F7 READ ONLY This register is read-only in all modes. PC-AT Mode 7 DSK CHG N/A 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RESET COND. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A BIT 0 - 6 UNDEFINED The data bus outputs D0 - 6 will remain in a high impedance state during a read of this register. BIT 7 DSKCHG This bit monitors the pin of the same name and reflects the opposite value seen on the disk cable or the value programmed in the Force Disk Change Register (see Configuration Register LD8:CRC1[1:0]). 30 PS/2 Mode 7 DSK CHG N/A 6 1 N/A 5 1 N/A 4 1 N/A 3 1 N/A 2 1 0 DRATE DRATE nHIGH SEL1 SEL0 nDENS N/A N/A 1 RESET COND. BIT 0 nHIGH DENS This bit is low whenever the 500 Kbps or 1 Mbps data rates are selected, and high when 250 Kbps and 300 Kbps are selected. BITS 1 - 2 DATA RATE SELECT These bits control the data rate of the floppy controller. See Table 11 for the settings corresponding to the individual data rates. The data rate select bits are unaffected by a software reset, and are set to 250 Kbps after a hardware reset. BITS 3 - 6 UNDEFINED Always read as a logic "1" BIT 7 DSKCHG This bit monitors the pin of the same name and reflects the opposite value seen on the disk cable or the value programmed in the Force Disk Change Register (see Configuration Register LD8:CRC1[1:0]). 31 Model 30 Mode 7 DSK CHG N/A 6 0 0 5 0 0 4 0 0 3 2 1 0 DMAEN NOPREC DRATE DRATE SEL1 SEL0 0 0 1 0 RESET COND. BITS 0 - 1 DATA RATE SELECT These bits control the data rate of the floppy controller. See Table 14 for the settings corresponding to the individual data rates. The data rate select bits are unaffected by a software reset, and are set to 250 Kbps after a hardware reset. BIT 2 NOPREC This bit reflects the value of NOPREC bit set in the CCR register. BIT 3 DMAEN This bit reflects the value of DMAEN bit set in the DOR register bit 3. BITS 4 - 6 UNDEFINED Always read as a logic "0" BIT 7 DSKCHG This bit monitors the pin of the same name and reflects the opposite value seen on the disk cable or the value programmed in the Force Disk Change Register (see Configuration Register LD8:CRC1[1:0]). 32 CONFIGURATION CONTROL REGISTER (CCR) Address 3F7 WRITE ONLY PC/AT and PS/2 Modes 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DRATE DRATE SEL1 SEL0 1 0 RESET COND. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A BIT 0 and 1 DATA RATE SELECT 0 and 1 These bits determine the data rate of the floppy controller. See Table 14 for the appropriate values. BIT 2 - 7 RESERVED Should be set to a logical "0" PS/2 Model 30 Mode 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 NOPREC DRATE DRATE SEL1 SEL0 N/A 1 0 RESET COND. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A BIT 0 and 1 DATA RATE SELECT 0 and 1 These bits determine the data rate of the floppy controller. See Table 14 for the appropriate values. BIT 2 NO PRECOMPENSATION This bit can be set by software, but it has no functionality. It can be read by bit 2 of the DSR when in Model 30 register mode. Unaffected by software reset. BIT 3 - 7 RESERVED Should be set to a logical "0" Table 15 shows the state of the DENSEL pin. The DENSEL pin is set high after a hardware reset and is unaffected by the DOR and the DSR resets. STATUS REGISTER ENCODING During the Result Phase of certain commands, the Data Register contains data bytes that give the status of the command just executed. 33 BIT NO. 7,6 SYMBOL IC TABLE 16 - STATUS REGISTER 0 NAME DESCRIPTION Interrupt Code 00 - Normal termination of command. The specified command was properly executed and completed without error. 01 - Abnormal termination of command. Command execution was started, but was not successfully completed. 10 - Invalid command. The requested command could not be executed. 11 - Abnormal termination caused by Polling. Seek End The FDC completed a Seek, Relative Seek or Recalibrate command (used during a Sense Interrupt Command). The TRK0 pin failed to become a "1" after: 1. 80 step pulses in the Recalibrate command. 2. The Relative Seek command caused the FDC to step outward beyond Track 0. Unused. This bit is always "0". 5 SE 4 EC Equipment Check 3 2 1,0 H DS1,0 Drive Select Head Address The current head address. The current selected drive. 34 BIT NO. 7 SYMBOL EN TABLE 17 - STATUS REGISTER 1 NAME DESCRIPTION End of Cylinder The FDC tried to access a sector beyond the final sector of the track (255D). Will be set if TC is not issued after Read or Write Data command. Unused. This bit is always "0". The FDC detected a CRC error in either the ID field or the data field of a sector. Becomes set if the FDC does not receive CPU or DMA service within the required time interval, resulting in data overrun or underrun. Unused. This bit is always "0". Any one of the following: 1. Read Data, Read Deleted Data command - the FDC did not find the specified sector. 2. Read ID command - the FDC cannot read the ID field without an error. 3. Read A Track command - the FDC cannot find the proper sector sequence. WP pin became a "1" while the FDC is executing a Write Data, Write Deleted Data, or Format A Track command. Any one of the following: 1. The FDC did not detect an ID address mark at the specified track after encountering the index pulse from the IDX pin twice. 2. The FDC cannot detect a data address mark or a deleted data address mark on the specified track. 6 5 4 DE OR Data Error Overrun/ Underrun 3 2 ND No Data 1 0 NW MA Not Writeable Missing Address Mark 35 BIT NO. 7 6 SYMBOL CM TABLE 18 - STATUS REGISTER 2 NAME DESCRIPTION Unused. This bit is always "0". Control Mark Any one of the following: 1. Read Data command - the FDC encountered a deleted data address mark. 2. Read Deleted Data command - the FDC encountered a data address mark. The FDC detected a CRC error in the data field. The track address from the sector ID field is different from the track address maintained inside the FDC. Unused. This bit is always "0". Unused. This bit is always "0". 5 4 3 2 1 DD WC Data Error in Data Field Wrong Cylinder BC Bad Cylinder The track address from the sector ID field is different from the track address maintained inside the FDC and is equal to FF hex, which indicates a bad track with a hard error according to the IBM soft-sectored format. The FDC cannot detect a data address mark or a deleted data address mark. 0 MD Missing Data Address Mark 36 BIT NO. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1,0 RESET SYMBOL WP TABLE 19 - STATUS REGISTER 3 NAME DESCRIPTION Unused. This bit is always "0". Write Protected Track 0 Indicates the status of the WP pin. Unused. This bit is always "1". T0 HD DS1,0 Indicates the status of the TRK0 pin. Unused. This bit is always "1". Head Address Indicates the status of the HDSEL pin. Drive Select Indicates the status of the DS1, DS0 pins. Both will reset the FDC core, which affects drive status information and the FIFO circuits. The DSR reset clears itself automatically while the DOR reset requires the host to manually clear it. DOR reset has precedence over the DSR reset. The DOR reset is set automatically upon a pin reset. The user must manually clear this reset bit in the DOR to exit the reset state. MODES OF OPERATION The FDC has three modes of operation, PC/AT mode, PS/2 mode and Model 30 mode. These are determined by the state of the IDENT and MFM bits 3 and 2 respectively of LD8CRF0. PC/AT mode - (IDENT high, MFM a "don't care") The PC/AT register set is enabled, the DMA enable bit of the DOR becomes valid (FINTR and DRQ can be hi Z), and TC and DENSEL become active high signals. PS/2 mode - (IDENT low, MFM high) This mode supports the PS/2 models 50/60/80 configuration and register set. The DMA bit of the DOR becomes a "don't care", (FINTR and DRQ are always valid), TC and DENSEL become active low. There are three sources of system reset on the FDC: the RESET pin of the FDC, a reset generated via a bit in the DOR, and a reset generated via a bit in the DSR. At power on, a Power On Reset initializes the FDC. All resets take the FDC out of the power down state. All operations are terminated upon a RESET, and the FDC enters an idle state. A reset while a disk write is in progress will corrupt the data and CRC. On exiting the reset state, various internal registers are cleared, including the Configure command information, and the FDC waits for a new command. Drive polling will start unless disabled by a new Configure command. RESET Pin (Hardware Reset) The RESET pin is a global reset and clears all registers except those programmed by the Specify command. The DOR reset bit is enabled and must be cleared by the host to exit the reset state. DOR Reset vs. DSR Reset (Software Reset) These two resets are functionally the same. 37 Model 30 mode - (IDENT low, MFM low) This mode supports PS/2 Model 30 configuration and register set. The DMA enable bit of the DOR becomes valid (FINTR and DRQ can be hi Z), TC is active high and DENSEL is active low. DMA TRANSFERS DMA transfers are enabled with the Specify command and are initiated by the FDC by activating the FDRQ pin during a data transfer command. The FIFO is enabled directly by asserting nDACK and addresses need not be valid. Note that if the DMA controller (i.e. 8237A) is programmed to function in verify mode, a pseudo read is performed by the FDC based only on nDACK. This mode is only available when the FDC has been configured into byte mode (FIFO disabled) and is programmed to do a read. With the FIFO enabled, the FDC can perform the above operation by using the new Verify command; no DMA operation is needed. Two DMA transfer modes are supported for the FDC: Single Transfer and Burst Transfer. In the case of the single transfer, the DMA Req goes active at the start of the DMA cycle, and the DMA Req is deasserted after the nDACK. In the case of the burst transfer, the Req is held active until the last transfer (independent of nDACK). See timing diagrams for more information. Burst mode is enabled via Bit[1] of CRF0 in Logical Device 0. Setting Bit[1]=0 enables burst mode; the default is Bit[1]=1, for non-burst mode. CONTROLLER PHASES For simplicity, command handling in the FDC can be divided into three phases: Command, Execution, and Result. Each phase is described in the following sections. Command Phase After a reset, the FDC enters the command phase and is ready to accept a command from the host. For each of the commands, a defined set of command code bytes and parameter bytes has to be written to the FDC before the command phase is complete. (Please refer to TABLE 20 for the command set descriptions). These bytes of data must be transferred in the order prescribed. Before writing to the FDC, the host must examine the RQM and DIO bits of the Main Status Register. RQM and DIO must be equal to "1" and "0" respectively before command bytes may be written. RQM is set false by the FDC after each write cycle until the received byte is processed. The FDC asserts RQM again to request each parameter byte of the command unless an illegal command condition is detected. After the last parameter byte is received, RQM remains "0" and the FDC automatically enters the next phase as defined by the command definition. The FIFO is disabled during the command phase to provide for the proper handling of the "Invalid Command" condition. Execution Phase All data transfers to or from the FDC occur during the execution phase, which can proceed in DMA or non-DMA mode as indicated in the Specify command. After a reset, the FIFO is disabled. Each data byte is transferred by an FINT or FDRQ depending on the DMA mode. The Configure command can enable the FIFO and set the FIFO threshold value. The following paragraphs detail the operation of the FIFO flow control. In these descriptions, 38 very responsive to the service request. This is the desired case for use with a "fast" system. A high value of threshold (i.e. 12) is used with a "sluggish" system by affording a long latency period after a service request, but results in more frequent service requests. Non-DMA Mode - Transfers from the FIFO to the Host The FINT pin and RQM bits in the Main Status Register are activated when the FIFO contains (16- underrun may occur if FDRQ is not removed in time to prevent an unwanted cycle. DMA Mode - Transfers from the Host to the FIFO. The FDC activates the FDRQ pin when entering the execution phase of the data transfer commands. The DMA controller must respond by activating the nDACK and nIOW pins and placing data in the FIFO. FDRQ remains active until the FIFO becomes full. FDRQ is again set true when the FIFO has 39 The generation of FINT determines the beginning of the result phase. For each of the commands, a defined set of result bytes has to be read from the FDC before the result phase is complete. These bytes of data must be read out for another command to start. RQM and DIO must both equal "1" before the result bytes may be read. After all the result bytes have been read, the RQM and DIO bits switch to "1" and "0" respectively, and the CB bit is cleared, indicating that the FDC is ready to accept the next command. 40 COMMAND SET/DESCRIPTIONS Commands can be written whenever the FDC is in the command phase. Each command has a unique set of needed parameters and status results. The FDC checks to see that the first byte is a valid command and, if valid, proceeds with the command. If it is invalid, an interrupt is issued. The user sends a Sense Interrupt Status command which returns an invalid command error. Refer to TABLE 20 for explanations of the various symbols used. TABLE 21 lists the required parameters and the results associated with each command that the FDC is capable of performing. SYMBOL C D D0, D1 TABLE 20 - DESCRIPTION OF COMMAND SYMBOLS NAME DESCRIPTION Cylinder Address Data Pattern Drive Select 0-1 The currently selected address; 0 to 255. The pattern to be written in each sector data field during formatting. Designates which drives are perpendicular drives on the Perpendicular Mode Command. A "1" indicates a perpendicular drive. If this bit is 0, then the head will step out from the spindle during a relative seek. If set to a 1, the head will step in toward the spindle. DS1 DS0 Drive Selected 0 0 Drive 0 0 1 Drive 1 By setting N to zero (00), DTL may be used to control the number of bytes transferred in disk read/write commands. The sector size (N = 0) is set to 128. If the actual sector (on the diskette) is larger than DTL, the remainder of the actual sector is read but is not passed to the host during read commands; during write commands, the remainder of the actual sector is written with all zero bytes. The CRC check code is calculated with the actual sector. When N is not zero, DTL has no meaning and should be set to FF HEX. When this bit is "1" the "DTL" parameter of the Verify command becomes SC (number of sectors per track). This active low bit when a 0, enables the FIFO. A "1" disables the FIFO (default). When set, a seek operation will be performed before executing any read or write command that requires the C parameter in the command phase. A "0" disables the implied seek. The final sector number of the current track. Alters Gap 2 length when using Perpendicular Mode. Gap Length Head Address The Gap 3 size. (Gap 3 is the space between sectors excluding the VCO synchronization field). Selected head: 0 or 1 (disk side 0 or 1) as encoded in the sector ID field. DIR DS0, DS1 Direction Control Disk Drive Select DTL Special Sector Size EC EFIFO EIS Enable Count Enable FIFO Enable Implied Seek End of Track EOT GAP GPL H/HDS 41 SYMBOL HLT NAME Head Load Time DESCRIPTION The time interval that FDC waits after loading the head and before initializing a read or write operation. Refer to the Specify command for actual delays. HUT Head Unload Time The time interval from the end of the execution phase (of a read or write command) until the head is unloaded. Refer to the Specify command for actual delays. Lock defines whether EFIFO, FIFOTHR, and PRETRK parameters of the CONFIGURE COMMAND can be reset to their default values by a "software Reset". (A reset caused by writing to the appropriate bits of either tha DSR or DOR) MFM/FM Mode Selector A one selects the double density (MFM) mode. A zero selects single density (FM) mode. LOCK MFM MT TABLE 21 - DESCRIPTION OF COMMAND SYMBOLS Multi-Track When set, this flag selects the multi-track operating mode. In this Selector mode, the FDC treats a complete cylinder under head 0 and 1 as a single track. The FDC operates as this expanded track started at the first sector under head 0 and ended at the last sector under head 1. With this flag set, a multitrack read or write operation will automatically continue to the first sector under head 1 when the FDC finishes operating on the last sector under head 0. Sector Size Code This specifies the number of bytes in a sector. If this parameter is "00", then the sector size is 128 bytes. The number of bytes transferred is determined by the DTL parameter. Otherwise the sector size is (2 raised to the "N'th" power) times 128. All values up to "07" hex are allowable. "07"h would equal a sector size of 16k. It is the user's responsibility to not select combinations that are not possible with the drive. N Sector Size 0 128 Bytes 1 256 Bytes 2 512 Bytes 3 1024 Bytes ... ... The desired cylinder number. When set to 1, indicates that the FDC is to operate in the non-DMA mode. In this mode, the host is interrupted for each data transfer. When set to 0, the FDC operates in DMA mode, interfacing to a DMA controller by means of the DRQ and nDACK signals. The bits D0-D3 of the Perpendicular Mode Command can only be modified if OW is set to 1. OW id defined in the Lock command. The current position of the head at the completion of Sense Interrupt Status command. N NCN ND New Cylinder Number Non-DMA Mode Flag OW PCN Overwrite Present Cylinder Number 42 POLL PRETRK TABLE 21 - DESCRIPTION OF COMMAND SYMBOLS Polling Disable When set, the internal polling routine is disabled. When clear, polling is enabled. Precompensation Start Track Number Sector Address Programmable from track 00 to FFH. R The sector number to be read or written. In multi-sector transfers, this parameter specifies the sector number of the first sector to be read or written. Relative cylinder offset from present cylinder as used by the Relative Seek command. RCN SC Relative Cylinder Number Number of Sectors The number of sectors per track to be initialized by the Format Per Track command. The number of sectors per track to be verified during a Verify command when EC is set. Skip Flag When set to 1, sectors containing a deleted data address mark will automatically be skipped during the execution of Read Data. If Read Deleted is executed, only sectors with a deleted address mark will be accessed. When set to "0", the sector is read or written the same as the read and write commands. The time interval between step pulses issued by the FDC. Programmable from 0.5 to 8 milliseconds in increments of 0.5 ms at the 1 Mbit data rate. Refer to the SPECIFY command for actual delays. Registers within the FDC which store status information after a command has been executed. This status information is available to the host during the result phase after command execution. Alters timing of WE to allow for pre-erase loads in perpendicular drives. SK SRT Step Rate Interval ST0 ST1 ST2 ST3 WGATE Status 0 Status 1 Status 2 Status 3 Write Gate 43 INSTRUCTION SET TABLE 22 - INSTRUCTION SET READ DATA DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W W W W W W W Execution Result R R R R R R R ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------Sector ID information after Command execution. D7 MT 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 SK 0 D4 0 0 D3 0 0 D2 1 D1 1 D0 0 REMARKS Command Codes Sector ID information prior to Command execution. HDS DS1 DS0 -------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------- DTL ------- Data transfer between the FDD and system. Status information after Command execution. 44 READ DELETED DATA DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W W W W W W W Execution Result R R R R R R R ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------Sector ID information after Command execution. D7 MT 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 SK 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 1 D1 0 D0 0 REMARKS Command Codes Sector ID information prior to Command execution. HDS DS1 DS0 -------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------- DTL ------- Data transfer between the FDD and system. Status information after Command execution. 45 WRITE DATA DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W W W W W W W Execution Result R R R R R R R ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------Sector ID information after Command execution. D7 MT 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 0 0 D2 1 D1 0 D0 1 REMARKS Command Codes Sector ID information prior to Command execution. HDS DS1 DS0 -------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------- DTL ------- Data transfer between the FDD and system. Status information after Command execution. 46 WRITE DELETED DATA DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W D7 MT 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 0 HDS D1 0 DS1 D0 1 DS0 Sector ID information prior to Command execution. REMARKS Command Codes -------- C -------- W W W W W W Execution Result R R R R -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------- DTL ------Data transfer between the FDD and system. ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C -------Sector ID information after Command execution. Status information after Command execution. R R R -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------- 47 READ A TRACK DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W D7 0 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 0 0 D2 0 HDS D1 1 DS1 D0 0 DS0 Sector ID information prior to Command execution. REMARKS Command Codes -------- C -------- W W W W W W Execution -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------- DTL ------Data transfer between the FDD and system. FDC reads all of cylinders' contents from index hole to EOT. Result R R R R ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C -------- Status information after Command execution. Sector ID information after Command execution. R R R -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------- 48 VERIFY DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W D7 MT EC D6 MFM 0 D5 SK 0 D4 1 0 D3 0 0 D2 1 HDS D1 1 DS1 D0 0 DS0 Sector ID information prior to Command execution. REMARKS Command Codes -------- C -------- W W W W W W Execution Result R R R R -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------------- EOT ------------- GPL ------------ DTL/SC -----No data transfer takes place. ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 -------------- C -------Sector ID information after Command execution. Status information after Command execution. R R R -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------VERSION DATA BUS PHASE Command Result R/W W R D7 0 1 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 1 1 D3 0 0 D2 0 0 D1 0 0 D0 0 0 REMARKS Command Code Enhanced Controller 49 FORMAT A TRACK DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W W W W Execution for Each Sector Repeat: W D7 0 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 1 HDS D1 0 DS1 D0 1 DS0 Bytes/Sector Sectors/Cylinder Gap 3 Filler Byte Input Sector Parameters REMARKS Command Codes -------- N --------------- SC -------------- GPL -------------- D --------------- C -------- W W W -------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------FDC formats an entire cylinder Result R R R R R R R ------- ST0 ------------- ST1 ------------- ST2 ------------ Undefined ----------- Undefined ----------- Undefined ----------- Undefined ------ Status information after Command execution 50 RECALIBRATE DATA BUS PHASE Command Execution R/W W W D7 0 0 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 0 0 D2 1 0 D1 1 DS1 D0 1 DS0 Head retracted to Track 0 Interrupt. SENSE INTERRUPT STATUS DATA BUS PHASE Command Result R/W W R R D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 1 D2 0 D1 0 D0 0 REMARKS Command Codes Status information at the end of each seek operation. REMARKS Command Codes ------- ST0 ------------- PCN ------SPECIFY DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 0 D2 0 D1 1 D0 1 ND REMARKS Command Codes --- SRT -------- HLT ------ --- HUT --- 51 SENSE DRIVE STATUS DATA BUS PHASE Command Result R/W W W R D7 0 0 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 0 0 D2 1 HDS D1 0 DS1 D0 0 DS0 Status information about FDD REMARKS Command Codes ------- ST3 ------- SEEK DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W Execution D7 0 0 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 1 HDS D1 1 DS1 D0 1 DS0 Head positioned over proper cylinder on diskette. CONFIGURE DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W Execution W D7 0 0 0 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 1 0 POLL D3 0 0 D2 0 0 D1 1 0 D0 1 0 REMARKS Configure Information REMARKS Command Codes ------- NCN ------- EIS EFIFO --- FIFOTHR --- --------- PRETRK --------- 52 RELATIVE SEEK DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W W W D7 1 0 D6 DIR 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 1 HDS D1 1 DS1 D0 1 DS0 REMARKS ------- RCN ------DUMPREG DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 1 D2 1 D1 1 D0 0 REMARKS *Note: Registers placed in FIFO Execution Result R R R R R R R R R R LOCK 0 0 D3 ------ PCN-Drive 0 ------------ PCN-Drive 1 ------------ PCN-Drive 2 ------------ PCN-Drive 3 ---------- SRT ---------- HLT ------------- SC/EOT ------D2 POLL D1 D0 GAP WGATE EIS EFIFO -- FIFOTHR ---- HUT --ND -------- PRETRK -------- 53 READ ID DATA BUS PHASE Command Execution R/W W W D7 0 0 D6 MFM 0 D5 0 0 D4 0 0 D3 1 0 D2 0 HDS D1 1 DS1 D0 0 DS0 The first correct ID information on the Cylinder is stored in Data Register R -------- ST0 -------Status information after Command execution. REMARKS Commands Result Disk status after the Command has completed R R R R R R -------- ST1 --------------- ST2 --------------- C --------------- H --------------- R --------------- N -------- 54 PERPENDICULAR MODE DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W D7 0 OW D6 0 0 D5 0 D3 D4 1 D2 D3 0 D1 D2 0 D0 D1 1 GAP D0 0 WGATE REMARKS Command Codes INVALID CODES DATA BUS PHASE Command R/W W D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 REMARKS Invalid Command Codes (NoOp - FDC goes into Standby State) ST0 = 80H ----- Invalid Codes ----- Result R ------- ST0 ------LOCK DATA BUS PHASE Command Result R/W W R D7 LOCK 0 D6 0 0 D5 0 0 D4 1 LOCK D3 0 0 D2 1 0 D1 0 0 D0 0 0 REMARKS Command Codes SC is returned if the last command that was issued was the Format command. EOT is returned if the last command was a Read or Write. Note: These bits are used internally only. They are not reflected in the Drive Select pins. It is the user's responsibility to maintain correspondence between these bits and the Drive Select pins (DOR). 55 DATA TRANSFER COMMANDS All of the Read Data, Write Data and Verify type commands use the same parameter bytes and return the same results information, the only difference being the coding of bits 0-4 in the first byte. An implied seek will be executed if the feature was enabled by the Configure command. This seek is completely transparent to the user. The Drive Busy bit for the drive will go active in the Main Status Register during the seek portion of the command. If the seek portion fails, it is reflected in the results status normally returned for a Read/Write Data command. Status Register 0 (ST0) would contain the error code and C would contain the cylinder on which the seek failed. Read Data A set of nine (9) bytes is required to place the FDC in the Read Data Mode. After the Read Data command has been issued, the FDC loads the head (if it is in the unloaded state), waits the specified head settling time (defined in the Specify command), and begins reading ID Address Marks and ID fields. When the sector address read off the diskette matches with the sector address specified in the command, the FDC reads the sector's data field and transfers the data to the FIFO. After completion of the read operation from the current sector, the sector address is incremented by one and the data from the next logical sector is read and output via the FIFO. This continuous read function is called "Multi-Sector Read Operation". Upon receipt of TC, or an implied TC (FIFO overrun/underrun), the FDC stops sending data but will continue to read data from the current sector, check the CRC bytes, and at the end of the sector, terminate the Read Data Command. N determines the number of bytes per sector (see Table 23 below). If N is set to zero, the sector size is set to 128. The DTL value determines the number of bytes to be transferred. If DTL is less than 128, the FDC transfers the specified number of bytes to the host. For reads, it continues to read the entire 128-byte sector and checks for CRC errors. For writes, it completes the 128-byte sector by filling in zeros. If N is not set to 00 Hex, DTL should be set to FF Hex and has no impact on the number of bytes transferred. TABLE 23 - SECTOR SIZES N 00 01 02 03 .. 07 SECTOR SIZE 128 bytes 256 bytes 512 bytes 1024 bytes ... 16 Kbytes 56 The amount of data which can be handled with a single command to the FDC depends upon MT (multi-track) and N (number of bytes/sector). The Multi-Track function (MT) allows the FDC to read data from both sides of the diskette. For a particular cylinder, data will be transferred starting at Sector 1, Side 0 and completing the last sector of the same track at Side 1. If the host terminates a read or write operation in the FDC, the ID information in the result phase is dependent upon the state of the MT bit and EOT byte. Refer to Table 24. At the completion of the Read Data command, the head is not unloaded until after the Head Unload Time Interval (specified in the Specify command) has elapsed. If the host issues another command before the head unloads, then the head settling time may be saved between subsequent reads. If the FDC detects a pulse on the nINDEX pin twice without finding the specified sector (meaning that the diskette's index hole passes through index detect logic in the drive twice), the FDC sets the IC code in Status Register 0 to "01" indicating abnormal termination, sets the ND bit in Status Register 1 to "1" indicating a sector not found, and terminates the Read Data Command. After reading the ID and Data Fields in each sector, the FDC checks the CRC bytes. If a CRC error occurs in the ID or data field, the FDC sets the IC code in Status Register 0 to "01" indicating abnormal termination, sets the DE bit flag in Status Register 1 to "1", sets the DD bit in Status Register 2 to "1" if CRC is incorrect in the ID field, and terminates the Read Data Command. Table 25 describes the effect of the SK bit on the Read Data command execution and results. Except where noted in Table 25, the C or R value of the sector address is automatically incremented. MT 0 1 0 1 0 1 N 1 1 2 2 3 3 TABLE 24 - EFFECTS OF MT AND N BITS MAXIMUM TRANSFER FINAL SECTOR READ CAPACITY FROM DISK 26 at side 0 or 1 256 x 26 = 6,656 26 at side 1 256 x 52 = 13,312 15 at side 0 or 1 512 x 15 = 7,680 15 at side 1 512 x 30 = 15,360 8 at side 0 or 1 1024 x 8 = 8,192 16 at side 1 1024 x 16 = 16,384 57 SK BIT VALUE 0 0 1 1 TABLE 25 - SKIP BIT VS READ DATA COMMAND DATA ADDRESS MARK TYPE RESULTS ENCOUNTERED SECTOR CM BIT OF DESCRIPTION OF READ? ST2 SET? RESULTS Normal No Yes Normal Data termination. Address not Yes Yes Deleted Data incremented. Next sector not searched for. Normal No Yes Normal Data termination. Normal Yes No Deleted Data termination. Sector not read ("skipped"). 58 Read Deleted Data This command is the same as the Read Data command, only it operates on sectors that contain a Deleted Data Address Mark at the beginning of a Data Field. TABLE 26 describes the effect of the SK bit on the Read Deleted Data command execution and results. Except where noted in Table 26, the C or R value of the sector address is automatically incremented (see Table 27). TABLE 26 - SKIP BIT VS. READ DELETED DATA COMMAND DATA ADDRESS RESULTS SK BIT VALUE 0 MARK TYPE ENCOUNTERED Normal Data SECTOR READ? Yes CM BIT OF ST2 SET? Yes DESCRIPTION OF RESULTS Address not incremented. Next sector not searched for. Normal termination. Normal termination. Sector not read ("skipped"). Normal termination. 0 1 Deleted Data Normal Data Yes No No Yes 1 Deleted Data Yes No Read A Track This command is similar to the Read Data command except that the entire data field is read continuously from each of the sectors of a track. Immediately after encountering a pulse on the nINDEX pin, the FDC starts to read all data fields on the track as continuous blocks of data without regard to logical sector numbers. If the FDC finds an error in the ID or DATA CRC check bytes, it continues to read data from the track and sets the appropriate error bits at the end of the command. The FDC compares the ID information read from each sector with the specified value in the command and sets the ND flag of Status Register 1 to a "1" if there is no comparison. Multi-track or skip operations are not allowed with this command. The MT and SK bits (bits D7 and D5 of the first command byte respectively) should always be set to "0". This command terminates when the EOT specified number of sectors has not been read. If the FDC does not find an ID Address Mark on the diskette after the second occurrence of a pulse on the IDX pin, then it sets the IC code in Status Register 0 to "01" (abnormal termination), sets the MA bit in Status Register 1 to "1", and terminates the command. 59 TABLE 27 - RESULT PHASE TABLE MT 0 HEAD 0 1 1 0 1 FINAL SECTOR TRANSFERRED TO HOST Less than EOT Equal to EOT Less than EOT Equal to EOT Less than EOT Equal to EOT Less than EOT Equal to EOT ID INFORMATION AT RESULT PHASE H R N NC NC NC NC NC LSB NC LSB R+1 01 R+1 01 R+1 01 R+1 01 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C NC C+1 NC C+1 NC NC NC C+1 NC: No Change, the same value as the one at the beginning of command execution. LSB: Least Significant Bit, the LSB of H is complemented. Write Data After the Write Data command has been issued, the FDC loads the head (if it is in the unloaded state), waits the specified head load time if unloaded (defined in the Specify command), and begins reading ID fields. When the sector address read from the diskette matches the sector address specified in the command, the FDC reads the data from the host via the FIFO and writes it to the sector's data field. After writing data into the current sector, the FDC computes the CRC value and writes it into the CRC field at the end of the sector transfer. The Sector Number stored in "R" is incremented by one, and the FDC continues writing to the next data field. The FDC continues this "Multi-Sector Write Operation". Upon receipt of a terminal count signal or if a FIFO over/under run occurs while a data field is being written, then the remainder of the data field is filled with zeros. The FDC reads the ID field of each sector and checks the CRC bytes. If it detects a CRC error in one of the ID fields, it sets the IC code in Status Register 0 to "01" (abnormal termination), sets the DE bit of Status Register 1 to "1", and terminates the Write Data command. The Write Data command operates in much the same manner as the Read Data command. The following items are the same. Please refer to the Read Data Command for details: * * * * * * Transfer Capacity EN (End of Cylinder) bit ND (No Data) bit Head Load, Unload Time Interval ID information when the host terminates the command Definition of DTL when N = 0 and when N does not = 0 Write Deleted Data This command is almost the same as the Write Data command except that a Deleted Data Address Mark is written at the beginning of the Data Field instead of the normal Data Address Mark. This command is typically used to mark a bad sector containing an error on the floppy disk. Verify The Verify command is used to verify the data stored on a disk. This command acts exactly like a Read Data command except that no data is transferred to the host. Data is read from the disk and CRC is computed and checked against the previously-stored value. Because data is not transferred to the host, TC (pin 89) cannot be used to terminate this command. By setting the EC bit to "1", an implicit TC will be issued to the FDC. This implicit TC will occur when the SC value has decremented to 0 (an SC value of 0 will verify 256 sectors). This 60 command can also be terminated by setting the EC bit to "0" and the EOT value equal to the final sector to be checked. If EC is set to "0", DTL/SC should be programmed to 0FFH. Refer to Table 27 and Table 28 for information concerning the values of MT and EC versus SC and EOT value. Definitions: # Sectors Per Side = Number of formatted sectors per each side of the disk. # Sectors Remaining = Number of formatted sectors left which can be read, including side 1 of the disk if MT is set to "1". MT 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 EC 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 TABLE 28 - VERIFY COMMAND RESULT PHASE SC/EOT VALUE TERMINATION RESULT SC = DTL EOT # Sectors Per Side SC = DTL EOT > # Sectors Per Side SC # Sectors Remaining AND EOT # Sectors Per Side SC > # Sectors Remaining OR EOT > # Sectors Per Side SC = DTL EOT # Sectors Per Side SC = DTL EOT > # Sectors Per Side SC # Sectors Remaining AND EOT # Sectors Per Side SC > # Sectors Remaining OR EOT > # Sectors Per Side Success Termination Result Phase Valid Unsuccessful Termination Result Phase Invalid Successful Termination Result Phase Valid Unsuccessful Termination Result Phase Invalid Successful Termination Result Phase Valid Unsuccessful Termination Result Phase Invalid Successful Termination Result Phase Valid Unsuccessful Termination Result Phase Invalid Note: If MT is set to "1" and the SC value is greater than the number of remaining formatted sectors on Side 0, verifying will continue on Side 1 of the disk. Format A Track The Format command allows an entire track to be formatted. After a pulse from the IDX pin is detected, the FDC starts writing data on the disk including gaps, address marks, ID fields, and data fields per the IBM System 34 or 3740 format (MFM or FM respectively). The particular values that will be written to the gap and data field are controlled by the values programmed into N, SC, GPL, and D which are specified by the host during the command phase. The data field of the sector is filled with the data byte specified by D. The ID field for each sector is supplied by the host; that is, four data bytes per sector are needed by the FDC for C, H, R, and N (cylinder, head, sector number and sector size respectively). After formatting each sector, the host must send new values for C, H, R and N to the FDC for the next sector on the track. The R value (sector number) is the only value that must be changed by the host after each sector is formatted. This allows the disk to be formatted with nonsequential sector addresses (interleaving). This incrementing and formatting continues for the whole track until the FDC encounters a pulse on the IDX pin again and it terminates the command. TABLE 29 contains typical values for gap fields which are dependent upon the size of the sector and the number of sectors on each track. Actual values can vary due to drive electronics. 61 FORMAT FIELDS SYSTEM 34 (DOUBLE DENSITY) FORMAT GAP4a 80x 4E SYNC 12x 00 IAM GAP1 SYNC 50x 12x 4E 00 IDAM C Y L H D S N C GAP2 SYNC 22x 12x EOR C 4E 00 C DATA AM C DATA R GAP3 GAP 4b C 3x FC C2 3x FE A1 3x FB A1 F8 SYSTEM 3740 (SINGLE DENSITY) FORMAT GAP4a 40x FF SYNC 6x 00 IAM GAP1 SYNC 26x 6x FF 00 IDAM C Y L H D S N C GAP2 SYNC EOR 11x 6x C C FF 00 DATA AM C DATA R GAP3 GAP 4b C FC FE FB or F8 PERPENDICULAR FORMAT GAP4a 80x 4E SYNC 12x 00 IAM GAP1 SYNC 12x 50x 00 4E IDAM C Y L H D S N C GAP2 SYNC 12x 41x EOR 00 4E C C DATA AM C DATA R GAP3 GAP 4b C 3x FC C2 3x FE A1 3x FB A1 F8 105 TABLE 29 - TYPICAL VALUES FOR FORMATTING FORMAT SECTOR SIZE N SC GPL1 128 128 512 1024 2048 4096 ... 256 256 512* 1024 2048 4096 ... 128 256 512 256 512** 1024 00 00 02 03 04 05 ... 01 01 02 03 04 05 ... 0 1 2 1 2 3 12 10 08 04 02 01 12 10 09 04 02 01 0F 09 05 0F 09 05 07 10 18 46 C8 C8 0A 20 2A 80 C8 C8 07 0F 1B 0E 1B 35 GPL2 09 19 30 87 FF FF 0C 32 50 F0 FF FF 1B 2A 3A 36 54 74 FM 5.25" Drives MFM 3.5" Drives FM MFM GPL1 = suggested GPL values in Read and Write commands to avoid splice point between data field and ID field of contiguous sections. GPL2 = suggested GPL value in Format A Track command. *PC/AT values (typical) **PS/2 values (typical). Applies with 1.0 MB and 2.0 MB drives. NOTE: All values except sector size are in hex. 63 CONTROL COMMANDS Control commands differ from the other commands in that no data transfer takes place. Three commands generate an interrupt when complete: Read ID, Recalibrate, and Seek. The other control commands do not generate an interrupt. Read ID The Read ID command is used to find the present position of the recording heads. The FDC stores the values from the first ID field it is able to read into its registers. If the FDC does not find an ID address mark on the diskette after the second occurrence of a pulse on the nINDEX pin, it then sets the IC code in Status Register 0 to "01" (abnormal termination), sets the MA bit in Status Register 1 to "1", and terminates the command. The following commands will generate an interrupt upon completion. They do not return any result bytes. It is highly recommended that control commands be followed by the Sense Interrupt Status command. Otherwise, valuable interrupt status information will be lost. Recalibrate This command causes the read/write head within the FDC to retract to the track 0 position. The FDC clears the contents of the PCN counter and checks the status of the nTR0 pin from the FDD. As long as the nTR0 pin is low, the DIR pin remains 0 and step pulses are issued. When the nTR0 pin goes high, the SE bit in Status Register 0 is set to "1" and the command is terminated. If the nTR0 pin is still low after 79 step pulses have been issued, the FDC sets the SE and the EC bits of Status Register 0 to "1" and terminates the command. Disks capable of handling more than 80 tracks per side may require more than one Recalibrate command to return the head back to physical Track 0. The Recalibrate command does not have a result phase. The Sense Interrupt Status command must be issued after the Recalibrate command to effectively terminate it and to provide verification of the head position (PCN). During the command phase of the recalibrate operation, the FDC is in the BUSY state, but during the execution phase it is in a NON-BUSY state. At this time, another Recalibrate command may be issued, and in this manner parallel Recalibrate operations may be done on up to four drives at once. Upon power up, the software must issue a Recalibrate command to properly initialize all drives and the controller. Seek The read/write head within the drive is moved from track to track under the control of the Seek command. The FDC compares the PCN, which is the current head position, with the NCN and performs the following operation if there is a difference: PCN < NCN: Direction signal to drive set to "1" (step in) and issues step pulses. PCN > NCN: Direction signal to drive set to "0" (step out) and issues step pulses. The rate at which step pulses are issued is controlled by SRT (Stepping Rate Time) in the Specify command. After each step pulse is issued, NCN is compared against PCN, and when NCN = PCN the SE bit in Status Register 0 is set to "1" and the command is terminated. During the command phase of the seek or recalibrate operation, the FDC is in the BUSY state, but during the execution phase it is in the NON-BUSY state. At this time, another Seek or Recalibrate command may be issued, and in this manner, parallel seek operations may be done on up to four drives at once. Note that if implied seek is not enabled, the read and write commands should be preceded by: 1) Seek command - Step to the proper track 2) Sense Interrupt Status command - Terminate the Seek command 3) Read ID - Verify head is on proper track 4) Issue Read/Write command. The Seek command does not have a result phase. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the 64 Sense Interrupt Status command is issued after the Seek command to terminate it and to provide verification of the head position (PCN). The H bit (Head Address) in ST0 will always return to a "0". When exiting POWERDOWN mode, the FDC clears the PCN value and the status information to zero. Prior to issuing the POWERDOWN command, it is highly recommended that the user service all pending interrupts through the Sense Interrupt Status command. Sense Interrupt Status An interrupt signal on FINT pin is generated by the FDC for one of the following reasons: 1. Upon entering the Result Phase of: a. Read Data command b. Read A Track command c. Read ID command d. Read Deleted Data command e. Write Data command f. Format A Track command g. Write Deleted Data command h. Verify command 2. End of Seek, Relative Seek, or Recalibrate command 3. FDC requires a data transfer during the execution phase in the non-DMA mode The Sense Interrupt Status command resets the interrupt signal and, via the IC code and SE bit of Status Register 0, identifies the cause of the interrupt. TABLE 30 - INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION SE 0 1 IC 11 00 INTERRUPT DUE TO Polling Normal termination of Seek or Recalibrate command Abnormal termination of Seek or Recalibrate command The Seek, Relative Seek, and Recalibrate commands have no result phase. The Sense Interrupt Status command must be issued immediately after these commands to terminate them and to provide verification of the head position (PCN). The H (Head Address) bit in ST0 will always return a "0". If a Sense Interrupt Status is not issued, the drive will continue to be BUSY and may affect the operation of the next command. Sense Drive Status Sense Drive Status obtains drive status information. It has not execution phase and goes directly to the result phase from the command phase. Status Register 3 contains the drive status information. Specify The Specify command sets the initial values for each of the three internal times. The HUT (Head Unload Time) defines the time from the end of the execution phase of one of the read/write commands to the head unload state. The SRT (Step Rate Time) defines the time interval between adjacent step pulses. Note that the spacing between the first and second step pulses may be shorter than the remaining step pulses. The HLT (Head Load Time) defines the time between when the Head Load signal goes high and the read/write operation starts. The values change with the data rate speed selection and are documented in TABLE 31. The values are the same for MFM and FM. TABLE 31 - DRIVE CONTROL DELAYS (MS) 1 01 HUT 2M 0 1 64 4 1M 128 8 500K 256 16 300K 426 26.7 250K 512 32 2M 4 3.75 1M 8 7.5 16 15 SRT 500K 300K 26.7 25 250K 32 30 65 .. E F .. 56 60 .. 112 120 .. 224 240 .. 373 400 .. 448 480 .. 0.5 0.25 HLT .. 1 0.5 .. 2 1 .. 3.33 1.67 .. 4 2 2M 00 01 02 .. 7F 7F 64 0.5 1 .. 63 63.5 1M 128 1 2 .. 126 127 500K 256 2 4 .. 252 254 300K 426 3.3 6.7 .. 420 423 250K 512 4 8 . 504 508 The choice of DMA or non-DMA operations is made by the ND bit. When this bit is "1", the nonDMA mode is selected, and when ND is "0", the DMA mode is selected. In DMA mode, data transfers are signaled by the FDRQ pin. Non-DMA mode uses the RQM bit and the FINT pin to signal data transfers. Configure The Configure command is issued to select the special features of the FDC. A Configure command need not be issued if the default values of the FDC meet the system requirements. Configure Default Values: EIS - No Implied Seeks EFIFO - FIFO Disabled POLL - Polling Enabled FIFOTHR - FIFO Threshold Set to 1 Byte PRETRK - Pre-Compensation Set to Track 0 EIS - Enable Implied Seek. When set to "1", the FDC will perform a Seek operation before executing a read or write command. Defaults to no implied seek. EFIFO - A "1" disables the FIFO (default). This means data transfers are asked for on a byte-bybyte basis. Defaults to "1", FIFO disabled. The threshold defaults to "1". POLL - Disable polling of the drives. Defaults to "0", polling enabled. When enabled, a single interrupt is generated after a reset. No polling is performed while the drive head is loaded and the head unload delay has not expired. FIFOTHR - The FIFO threshold in the execution phase of read or write commands. This is programmable from 1 to 16 bytes. Defaults to one byte. A "00" selects one byte; "0F" selects 16 bytes. PRETRK - Pre-Compensation Start Track Number. Programmable from track 0 to 255. Defaults to track 0. A "00" selects track 0; "FF" selects track 255. 67 Version The Version command checks to see if the controller is an enhanced type or the older type (765A). A value of 90 H is returned as the result byte. Relative Seek The command is coded the same as for Seek, except for the MSB of the first byte and the DIR bit. DIR 0 1 DIR RCN ACTION Step Head Out Step Head In Head Step Direction Control Relative Cylinder Number that determines how many tracks to step the head in or out from the current track number. The Relative Seek command differs from the Seek command in that it steps the head the absolute number of tracks specified in the command instead of making a comparison against an internal register. The Seek command is good for drives that support a maximum of 256 tracks. Relative Seeks cannot be overlapped with other Relative Seeks. Only one Relative Seek can be active at a time. Relative Seeks may be overlapped with Seeks and Recalibrates. Bit 4 of Status Register 0 (EC) will be set if Relative Seek attempts to step outward beyond Track 0. As an example, assume that a floppy drive has 300 useable tracks. The host needs to read track 300 and the head is on any track (0-255). If a Seek command is issued, the head will stop at track 255. If a Relative Seek command is issued, the FDC will move the head the specified number of tracks, regardless of the internal cylinder position register (but will increment the register). If the head was on track 40 (d), the maximum track that the FDC could position the head on using Relative Seek will be 295 (D), the initial track + 255 (D). The maximum count that the head can be moved with a single Relative Seek command is 255 (D). The internal register, PCN, will overflow as the cylinder number crosses track 255 and will contain 39 (D). The resulting PCN value is thus (RCN + PCN) mod 256. Functionally, the FDC starts counting from 0 again as the track number goes above 255 (D). It is the user's responsibility to compensate FDC functions (precompensation track number) when accessing tracks greater than 255. The FDC does not keep track that it is working in an "extended track area" (greater than 255). Any command issued will use the current PCN value except for the Recalibrate command, which only looks for the TRACK0 signal. Recalibrate will return an error if the head is farther than 79 due to its limitation of issuing a maximum of 80 step pulses. The user simply needs to issue a second Recalibrate command. The Seek command and implied seeks will function correctly within the 44 (D) track (299-255) area of the "extended track area". It is the user's responsibility not to issue a new track position that will exceed the maximum track that is present in the extended area. To return to the standard floppy range (0-255) of tracks, a Relative Seek should be issued to cross the track 255 boundary. A Relative Seek can be used instead of the normal Seek, but the host is required to calculate the difference between the current head location and the new (target) head location. This may require the host to issue a Read ID command to ensure that the head is physically on the track that software assumes it to be. Different FDC commands will return different cylinder results which may be difficult to keep track of with software without the Read ID command. Perpendicular Mode The Perpendicular Mode command should be issued prior to executing Read/Write/Format commands that access a disk drive with perpendicular recording capability. With this command, the length of the Gap2 field and VCO enable timing can be altered to accommodate the unique requirements of these drives. TABLE 32 describes the effects of the WGATE and GAP bits for the Perpendicular Mode command. Upon a 67 reset, the FDC will default to the conventional mode (WGATE = 0, GAP = 0). Selection of the 500 Kbps and 1 Mbps perpendicular modes is independent of the actual data rate selected in the Data Rate Select Register. The user must ensure that these two data rates remain consistent. The Gap2 and VCO timing requirements for perpendicular recording type drives are dictated by the design of the read/write head. In the design of this head, a pre-erase head precedes the normal read/write head by a distance of 200 micrometers. This works out to about 38 bytes at a 1 Mbps recording density. Whenever the write head is enabled by the Write Gate signal, the pre-erase head is also activated at the same time. Thus, when the write head is initially turned on, flux transitions recorded on the media for the first 38 bytes will not be preconditioned with the pre-erase head since it has not yet been activated. To accommodate this head activation and deactivation time, the Gap2 field is expanded to a length of 41 bytes. The format field shown on Page 58 illustrates the change in the Gap2 field size for the perpendicular format. On the read back by the FDC, the controller must begin synchronization at the beginning of the sync field. For the conventional mode, the internal PLL VCO is enabled (VCOEN) approximately 24 bytes from the start of the Gap2 field. But, when the controller operates in the 1 Mbps perpendicular mode (WGATE = 1, GAP = 1), VCOEN goes active after 43 bytes to accommodate the increased Gap2 field size. For both cases, and approximate two-byte cushion is maintained from the beginning of the sync field for the purposes of avoiding write splices in the presence of motor speed variation. For the Write Data case, the FDC activates Write Gate at the beginning of the sync field under the conventional mode. The controller then writes a new sync field, data address mark, data field, and CRC as shown on page 57. With the pre-erase head of the perpendicular drive, the write head must be activated in the Gap2 field to insure a proper write of the new sync field. For the 1 Mbps perpendicular mode (WGATE = 1, GAP = 1), 38 bytes will be written in the Gap2 space. Since the bit density is proportional to the data rate, 19 bytes will be written in the Gap2 field for the 500 Kbps perpendicular mode (WGATE = 1, GAP =0). It should be noted that none of the alterations in Gap2 size, VCO timing, or Write Gate timing affect normal program flow. The information provided here is just for background purposes and is not needed for normal operation. Once the Perpendicular Mode command is invoked, FDC software behavior from the user standpoint is unchanged. The perpendicular mode command is enhanced to allow specific drives to be designated Perpendicular recording drives. This enhancement allows data transfers between Conventional and Perpendicular drives without having to issue Perpendicular mode commands between the accesses of the different drive types, nor having to change write pre-compensation values. When both GAP and WGATE bits of the PERPENDICULAR MODE COMMAND are both programmed to "0" (Conventional mode), then D0, D1, D2, D3, and D4 can be programmed independently to "1" for that drive to be set automatically to Perpendicular mode. In this mode the following set of conditions also apply: 1. The GAP2 written to a perpendicular drive during a write operation will depend upon the programmed data rate. 2. The write pre-compensation given to a perpendicular mode drive will be 0ns. 3. For D0-D3 programmed to "0" for conventional mode drives any data written will be at the currently programmed write pre-compensation. Note: Bits D0-D3 can only be overwritten when OW is programmed as a "1".If either GAP or WGATE is a "1" then D0-D3 are ignored. Software and hardware resets have the following effect on the PERPENDICULAR MODE COMMAND: 1. "Software" resets (via the DOR or DSR registers) will only clear GAP and WGATE bits 68 to "0". D0-D3 are unaffected and retain their previous value. 2. "Hardware" resets will clear all bits (GAP, WGATE and D0-D3) to "0", i.e all conventional mode. WGATE 0 0 1 1 GAP 0 1 0 1 TABLE 32 - EFFECTS OF WGATE AND GAP BITS PORTION OF GAP 2 LENGTH OF GAP2 WRITTEN BY WRITE DATA MODE FORMAT FIELD OPERATION Conventional Perpendicular (500 Kbps) Reserved (Conventional) Perpendicular (1 Mbps) 22 Bytes 22 Bytes 22 Bytes 41 Bytes 0 Bytes 19 Bytes 0 Bytes 38 Bytes 69 LOCK In order to protect systems with long DMA latencies against older application software that can disable the FIFO the LOCK Command has been added. This command should only be used by the FDC routines, and application software should refrain from using it. If an application calls for the FIFO to be disabled then the CONFIGURE command should be used. The LOCK command defines whether the EFIFO, FIFOTHR, and PRETRK parameters of the CONFIGURE command can be RESET by the DOR and DSR registers. When the LOCK bit is set to logic "1" all subsequent "software RESETS by the DOR and DSR registers will not change the previously set parameters to their default values. All "hardware" RESET from the RESET pin will set the LOCK bit to logic "0" and return the EFIFO, FIFOTHR, and PRETRK to their default values. A status byte is returned immediately after issuing a LOCK command. This byte reflects the value of the LOCK bit set by the command byte. the eighth byte of the DUMPREG command has been modified to contain the additional data from these two commands. COMPATIBILITY This chip was designed with software compatibility in mind. It is a fully backwardscompatible solution with the older generation 765A/B disk controllers. The FDC also implements on-board registers for compatibility with the PS/2, as well as PC/AT and PC/XT, floppy disk controller subsystems. After a hardware reset of the FDC, all registers, functions and enhancements default to a PC/AT, PS/2 or PS/2 Model 30 compatible operating mode, depending on how the IDENT and MFM bits are configured by the system BIOS. Force Write Protect The Force Write Protect function forces the FDD nWRTPRT input active if the FORCE WRTPRT bit is active. The Force Write Protect function applies to the nWRTPRT pin in the FDD Interface as well as the nWRTPRT pin in the Parallel Port FDC. Refer to Configuration Register L8CR_C5 for more information. ENHANCED DUMPREG The DUMPREG command is designed to support system run-time diagnostics and application software development and debug. To accommodate the LOCK command and the enhanced PERPENDICULAR MODE command SERIAL PORT (UART) The chip incorporates two full function UARTs. They are compatible with the NS16450, the 16450 ACE registers and the NS16C550A. The UARTS perform serial-to-parallel conversion on received characters and parallel-to-serial conversion on transmit characters. The data rates are independently programmable from 460.8K baud down to 50 baud. The character options are programmable for 1 start; 1, 1.5 or 2 stop bits; even, odd, sticky or no parity; and prioritized interrupts. The UARTs each contain a programmable baud rate generator that is capable of dividing the input clock or crystal by a number from 1 to 65535. The UARTs are also capable of supporting the MIDI data rate. Refer to the Configuration Registers for information on disabling, power down and changing the base address of the UARTs. The interrupt from a UART is enabled by programming OUT2 of that UART to a logic "1". OUT2 being a logic "0" disables that UART's interrupt. The second UART also supports IrDA 1.0, HP-SIR, ASK-IR and Consumer IR infrared modes of operation. Note: The UARTs may be configured to share an interrupt. Refer to the Configuration section for more information. REGISTER DESCRIPTION Addressing of the accessible registers of the Serial Port is shown below. The configuration registers 70 (see Configuration section) define the base addresses of the serial ports. The Serial Port registers are located at sequentially increasing addresses above these base addresses. The chip contains two serial ports, each of which contain a register set as described below. DLAB* 0 0 0 X X X X X X X 1 1 TABLE 33 - ADDRESSING THE SERIAL PORT A2 A1 A0 REGISTER NAME 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Receive Buffer (read) Transmit Buffer (write) Interrupt Enable (read/write) Interrupt Identification (read) FIFO Control (write) Line Control (read/write) Modem Control (read/write) Line Status (read/write) Modem Status (read/write) Scratchpad (read/write) Divisor LSB (read/write) Divisor MSB (read/write *Note: DLAB is Bit 7 of the Line Control Register 72 The following section describes the operation of the registers. RECEIVE BUFFER REGISTER (RB) Address Offset = 0H, DLAB = 0, READ ONLY This register holds the received incoming data byte. Bit 0 is the least significant bit, which is transmitted and received first. Received data is double buffered; this uses an additional shift register to receive the serial data stream and convert it to a parallel 8 bit word which is transferred to the Receive Buffer register. The shift register is not accessible. TRANSMIT BUFFER REGISTER (TB) Address Offset = 0H, DLAB = 0, WRITE ONLY This register contains the data byte to be transmitted. The transmit buffer is double buffered, utilizing an additional shift register (not accessible) to convert the 8 bit data word to a serial format. This shift register is loaded from the Transmit Buffer when the transmission of the previous byte is complete. INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (IER) Address Offset = 1H, DLAB = 0, READ/WRITE Bit 0 This bit enables the Received Data Available Interrupt (and timeout interrupts in the FIFO mode) when set to logic "1". Bit 1 This bit enables the Transmitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt when set to logic "1". Bit 2 This bit enables the Received Line Status Interrupt when set to logic "1". The error sources causing the interrupt are Overrun, Parity, Framing and Break. The Line Status Register must be read to determine the source. Bit 3 This bit enables the MODEM Status Interrupt when set to logic "1". This is caused when one of the Modem Status Register bits changes state. Bits 4 through 7 These bits are always logic "0". FIFO CONTROL REGISTER (FCR) Address Offset = 2H, DLAB = X, WRITE This is a write only register at the same location as the IIR. This register is used to enable and clear the FIFOs, set the RCVR FIFO trigger level. Note: DMA is not supported. The UART1 and UART2 FCR's are shadowed in the UART1 FIFO Control Shadow Register (LD8:CRC3[7:0]) and UART2 FIFO Control Shadow Register (LD8:CRC4[7:0]). Bit 0 Setting this bit to a logic "1" enables both the XMIT and RCVR FIFOs. Clearing this bit to a logic "0" disables both the XMIT and RCVR FIFOs and clears all bytes from both FIFOs. When changing from FIFO Mode to non-FIFO (16450) mode, data is automatically cleared from the FIFOs. This bit must be a 1 when other bits in this register are written to or they will not be properly programmed. The lower four bits of this register control the enables of the five interrupt sources of the Serial Port interrupt. It is possible to totally disable the interrupt system by resetting bits 0 through 3 of this register. Similarly, setting the appropriate bits of this register to a high, selected interrupts can be enabled. Disabling the interrupt system inhibits the Interrupt Identification Register and disables any Serial Port interrupt out of the chip. All other system functions operate in their normal manner, including the Line Status and MODEM Status Registers. The contents of the Interrupt Enable Register are described below. 73 Bit 1 Setting this bit to a logic "1" clears all bytes in the RCVR FIFO and resets its counter logic to 0. The shift register is not cleared. This bit is selfclearing. Bit 2 Setting this bit to a logic "1" clears all bytes in the XMIT FIFO and resets its counter logic to 0. The shift register is not cleared. This bit is selfclearing. Bit 3 Writing to this bit has no effect on the operation of the UART. The RXRDY and TXRDY pins are not available on this chip. Bit 4,5 Reserved Bit 6,7 These bits are used to set the trigger level for the RCVR FIFO interrupt. RCVR FIFO Trigger Level (BYTES) 1 4 8 14 3. 4. Transmitter Holding Register Empty MODEM Status (lowest priority) Information indicating that a prioritized interrupt is pending and the source of that interrupt is stored in the Interrupt Identification Register (refer to Interrupt Control Table). When the CPU accesses the IIR, the Serial Port freezes all interrupts and indicates the highest priority pending interrupt to the CPU. During this CPU access, even if the Serial Port records new interrupts, the current indication does not change until access is completed. The contents of the IIR are described below. Bit 0 This bit can be used in either a hardwired prioritized or polled environment to indicate whether an interrupt is pending. When bit 0 is a logic "0", an interrupt is pending and the contents of the IIR may be used as a pointer to the appropriate internal service routine. When bit 0 is a logic "1", no interrupt is pending. Bits 1 and 2 These two bits of the IIR are used to identify the highest priority interrupt pending as indicated by the Interrupt Control Table. Bit 3 In non-FIFO mode, this bit is a logic "0". In FIFO mode this bit is set along with bit 2 when a timeout interrupt is pending. Bits 4 and 5 These bits of the IIR are always logic "0". Bits 6 and 7 These two bits are set when the FIFO CONTROL Register bit 0 equals 1. Bit 7 0 0 1 1 Bit 6 0 1 0 1 INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER (IIR) Address Offset = 2H, DLAB = X, READ By accessing this register, the host CPU can determine the highest priority interrupt and its source. Four levels of priority interrupt exist. They are in descending order of priority: 1. 2. Receiver Line Status (highest priority) Received Data Ready 74 TABLE 34 - INTERRUPT CONTROL FIFO MODE ONLY BIT 3 0 0 INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER BIT 2 0 1 BIT 1 0 1 BIT 0 1 0 PRIORITY LEVEL Highest INTERRUPT SET AND RESET FUNCTIONS INTERRUPT TYPE None Receiver Line Status INTERRUPT SOURCE None Overrun Error, Parity Error, Framing Error or Break Interrupt Receiver Data Available INTERRUPT RESET CONTROL Reading the Line Status Register 0 1 0 0 Second Received Data Available Read Receiver Buffer or the FIFO drops below the trigger level. 1 1 0 0 Second Character Timeout Indication Reading the No Characters Receiver Buffer Have Been Removed From or Register Input to the RCVR FIFO during the last 4 Char times and there is at least 1 char in it during this time Reading the IIR Register (if Source of Interrupt) or Writing the Transmitter Holding Register 0 0 1 0 Third Transmitter Transmitter Holding Register Holding Register Empty Empty 0 0 0 0 Fourth Reading the MODEM Status Clear to Send or Data Set Ready or MODEM Status Register Ring Indicator or Data Carrier Detect 75 LINE CONTROL REGISTER (LCR) Address Offset = 3H, DLAB = 0, READ/WRITE This register contains the format information of the serial line. The bit definitions are: Bits 0 and 1 These two bits specify the number of bits in each transmitted or received serial character. The encoding of bits 0 and 1 is as follows: The Start, Stop and Parity bits are not included in the word length. BIT 1 0 0 1 1 BIT 0 0 1 0 1 WORD LENGTH 5 Bits 6 Bits 7 Bits 8 Bits Bit 2 This bit specifies the number of stop bits in each transmitted or received serial character. The following table summarizes the information. Note: The receiver will ignore all stop bits beyond the first, regardless of the number used in transmitting. NUMBER OF STOP BITS 1 1.5 2 2 2 BIT 2 0 1 1 1 1 WORD LENGTH -5 bits 6 bits 7 bits 8 bits Bit 3 Parity Enable bit. When bit 3 is a logic "1", a parity bit is generated (transmit data) or checked (receive data) between the last data word bit and the first stop bit of the serial data. (The parity bit is used to generate an even or odd number of 1s when the data word bits and the parity bit are summed). Bit 4 Even Parity Select bit. When bit 3 is a logic "1" and bit 4 is a logic "0", an odd number of logic "1"'s is transmitted or checked in the data word bits and the parity bit. When bit 3 is a logic "1" and bit 4 is a logic "1" an even number of bits is transmitted and checked. Bit 5 Stick Parity bit. When bit 3 is a logic "1" and bit 5 is a logic "1", the parity bit is transmitted and then detected by the receiver in the opposite state indicated by bit 4. Bit 6 Set Break Control bit. When bit 6 is a logic "1", the transmit data output (TXD) is forced to the Spacing or logic "0" state and remains there (until reset by a low level bit 6) regardless of other transmitter activity. This feature enables the Serial Port to alert a terminal in a communications system. Bit 7 Divisor Latch Access bit (DLAB). It must be set high (logic "1") to access the Divisor Latches of the Baud Rate Generator during read or write operations. It must be set low (logic "0") to access the Receiver Buffer Register, the Transmitter Holding Register, or the Interrupt Enable Register. MODEM CONTROL REGISTER (MCR) Address Offset = 4H, DLAB = X, READ/WRITE This 8 bit register controls the interface with the MODEM or data set (or device emulating a MODEM). The contents of the MODEM control register are described below. Bit 0 This bit controls the Data Terminal Ready (nDTR) output. When bit 0 is set to a logic "1", the nDTR output is forced to a logic "0". When bit 0 is a logic "0", the nDTR output is forced to a logic "1". 76 LINE STATUS REGISTER (LSR) Bit 1 This bit controls the Request To Send (nRTS) output. Bit 1 affects the nRTS output in a manner identical to that described above for bit 0. Bit 2 This bit controls the Output 1 (OUT1) bit. This bit does not have an output pin and can only be read or written by the CPU. Bit 3 Output 2 (OUT2). This bit is used to enable an UART interrupt. When OUT2 is a logic "0", the serial port interrupt output is forced to a high impedance state - disabled. When OUT2 is a logic "1", the serial port interrupt outputs are enabled. Bit 4 This bit provides the loopback feature for diagnostic testing of the Serial Port. When bit 4 is set to logic "1", the following occur: 1. The TXD is set to the Marking State(logic "1"). 2. The receiver Serial Input (RXD) is disconnected. 3. The output of the Transmitter Shift Register is "looped back" into the Receiver Shift Register input. 4. All MODEM Control inputs (nCTS, nDSR, nRI and nDCD) are disconnected. 5. The four MODEM Control outputs (nDTR, nRTS, OUT1 and OUT2) are internally connected to the four MODEM Control inputs (nDSR, nCTS, RI, DCD). 6. The Modem Control output pins are forced inactive high. 7. Data that is transmitted is immediately received. This feature allows the processor to verify the transmit and receive data paths of the Serial Port. In the diagnostic mode, the receiver and the transmitter interrupts are fully operational. The MODEM Control Interrupts are also operational but the interrupts' sources are now the lower four bits of the MODEM Control Register instead of the MODEM Control inputs. The interrupts are still controlled by the Interrupt Enable Register. Bits 5 through 7 These bits are permanently set to logic zero. Address Offset = 5H, DLAB = X, READ/WRITE Bit 0 Data Ready (DR). It is set to a logic "1" whenever a complete incoming character has been received and transferred into the Receiver Buffer Register or the FIFO. Bit 0 is reset to a logic "0" by reading all of the data in the Receive Buffer Register or the FIFO. Bit 1 Overrun Error (OE). Bit 1 indicates that data in the Receiver Buffer Register was not read before the next character was transferred into the register, thereby destroying the previous character. In FIFO mode, an overrunn error will occur only when the FIFO is full and the next character has been completely received in the shift register, the character in the shift register is overwritten but not transferred to the FIFO. The OE indicator is set to a logic "1" immediately upon detection of an overrun condition, and reset whenever the Line Status Register is read. Bit 2 Parity Error (PE). Bit 2 indicates that the received data character does not have the correct even or odd parity, as selected by the even parity select bit. The PE is set to a logic "1" upon detection of a parity error and is reset to a logic "0" whenever the Line Status Register is read. In the FIFO mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. Bit 3 Framing Error (FE). Bit 3 indicates that the received character did not have a valid stop bit. Bit 3 is set to a logic "1" whenever the stop bit following the last data bit or parity bit is detected as a zero bit (Spacing level). The FE is reset to a logic "0" whenever the Line Status Register is read. In the FIFO mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. The Serial Port will try to resynchronize after a framing error. To do this, it assumes that the framing error was due to the next start bit, so it samples this 'start' bit twice and then takes in the 'data'. Bit 4 77 Break Interrupt (BI). Bit 4 is set to a logic "1" whenever the received data input is held in the Spacing state (logic "0") for longer than a full word transmission time (that is, the total time of the start bit + data bits + parity bits + stop bits). The BI is reset after the CPU reads the contents of the Line Status Register. In the FIFO mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. When break occurs only one zero character is loaded into the FIFO. Restarting after a break is received, requires the serial data (RXD) to be logic "1" for at least 1/2 bit time. Note: Bits 1 through 4 are the error conditions that produce a Receiver Line Status Interrupt whenever any of the corresponding conditions are detected and the interrupt is enabled. Bit 5 Transmitter Holding Register Empty (THRE). Bit 5 indicates that the Serial Port is ready to accept a new character for transmission. In addition, this bit causes the Serial Port to issue an interrupt when the Transmitter Holding Register interrupt enable is set high. The THRE bit is set to a logic "1" when a character is transferred from the Transmitter Holding Register into the Transmitter Shift Register. The bit is reset to logic "0" whenever the CPU loads the Transmitter Holding Register. In the FIFO mode this bit is set when the XMIT FIFO is empty, it is cleared when at least 1 byte is written to the XMIT FIFO. Bit 5 is a read only bit. Bit 6 Transmitter Empty (TEMT). Bit 6 is set to a logic "1" whenever the Transmitter Holding Register (THR) and Transmitter Shift Register (TSR) are both empty. It is reset to logic "0" whenever either the THR or TSR contains a data character. Bit 6 is a read only bit. In the FIFO mode this bit is set whenever the THR and TSR are both empty, Bit 7 This bit is permanently set to logic "0" in the 450 mode. In the FIFO mode, this bit is set to a logic "1" when there is at least one parity error, framing error or break indication in the FIFO. This bit is cleared when the LSR is read if there are no subsequent errors in the FIFO. MODEM STATUS REGISTER (MSR) Address Offset = 6H, DLAB = X, READ/WRITE This 8 bit register provides the current state of the control lines from the MODEM (or peripheral device). In addition to this current state information, four bits of the MODEM Status Register (MSR) provide change information. These bits are set to logic "1" whenever a control input from the MODEM changes state. They are reset to logic "0" whenever the MODEM Status Register is read. Bit 0 Delta Clear To Send (DCTS). Bit 0 indicates that the nCTS input to the chip has changed state since the last time the MSR was read. 78 Bit 1 Delta Data Set Ready (DDSR). Bit 1 indicates that the nDSR input has changed state since the last time the MSR was read. Bit 2 Trailing Edge of Ring Indicator (TERI). Bit 2 indicates that the nRI input has changed from logic "0" to logic "1". Bit 3 Delta Data Carrier Detect (DDCD). Bit 3 indicates that the nDCD input to the chip has changed state. Note: Whenever bit 0, 1, 2, or 3 is set to a logic "1", a MODEM Status Interrupt is generated. Bit 4 This bit is the complement of the Clear To Send (nCTS) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic "1", this bit is equivalent to nRTS in the MCR. Bit 5 This bit is the complement of the Data Set Ready (nDSR) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic "1", this bit is equivalent to DTR in the MCR. Bit 6 This bit is the complement of the Ring Indicator (nRI) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic "1", this bit is equivalent to OUT1 in the MCR. Bit 7 This bit is the complement of the Data Carrier Detect (nDCD) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic "1", this bit is equivalent to OUT2 in the MCR. SCRATCHPAD REGISTER (SCR) Address Offset =7H, DLAB =X, READ/WRITE This 8 bit read/write register has no effect on the operation of the Serial Port. It is intended as a scratchpad register to be used by the programmer to hold data temporarily. PROGRAMMABLE BAUD RATE GENERATOR (AND DIVISOR LATCHES DLH, DLL) The Serial Port contains a programmable Baud Rate Generator that is capable of taking any clock input (DC to 3 MHz) and dividing it by any divisor from 1 to 65535. This output frequency of the Baud Rate Generator is 16x the Baud rate. Two 8 bit latches store the divisor in 16 bit binary format. These Divisor Latches must be loaded during initialization in order to insure desired operation of the Baud Rate Generator. Upon loading either of the Divisor Latches, a 16 bit Baud counter is immediately loaded. This prevents long counts on initial load. If a 0 is loaded into the BRG registers the output divides the clock by the number 3. If a 1 is loaded the output is the inverse of the input oscillator. If a two is loaded the output is a divide by 2 signal with a 50% duty cycle. If a 3 or greater is loaded the output is low for 2 bits and high for the remainder of the count. The input clock to the BRG is a 1.8462 MHz clock. Table 35 shows the baud rates possible with a 1.8462 MHz crystal. 79 Table 35 - Baud Rates Using 1.8462 MHz Clock for <= 38.4K; Using 1.8432MHz Clock for 115.2k ; Using 3.6864MHz Clock for 230.4k; Using 7.3728 MHz Clock for 460.8k HIGH DESIRED DIVISOR USED TO PERCENT ERROR DIFFERENCE 1 SPEED BIT2 BAUD RATE GENERATE 16X CLOCK BETWEEN DESIRED AND ACTUAL 50 2304 0.001 X 75 1536 X 110 1047 X 134.5 857 0.004 X 150 768 X 300 384 X 600 192 X 1200 96 X 1800 64 X 2000 58 0.005 X 2400 48 X 3600 32 X 4800 24 X 7200 16 X 9600 12 X 19200 6 X 38400 3 0.030 X 57600 2 0.16 X 115200 1 0.16 X 230400 32770 0.16 1 460800 32769 0.16 1 1 Note : The percentage error for all baud rates, except where indicated otherwise, is 0.2%. Note 2: The High Speed bit is located in the Device Configuration Space. 80 Effect Of The Reset on Register File The Reset Function Table (TABLE 36) details the effect of the Reset input on each of the registers of the Serial Port. FIFO INTERRUPT MODE OPERATION When the RCVR FIFO and receiver interrupts are enabled (FCR bit 0 = "1", IER bit 0 = "1"), RCVR interrupts occur as follows: A. The receive data available interrupt will be issued when the FIFO has reached its programmed trigger level; it is cleared as soon as the FIFO drops below its programmed trigger level. B. The IIR receive data available indication also occurs when the FIFO trigger level is reached. It is cleared when the FIFO drops below the trigger level. C. The receiver line status interrupt (IIR=06H), has higher priority than the received data available (IIR=04H) interrupt. D. The data ready bit (LSR bit 0) is set as soon as a character is transferred from the shift register to the RCVR FIFO. It is reset when the FIFO is empty. When RCVR FIFO and receiver interrupts are enabled, RCVR FIFO timeout interrupts occur as follows: A. A FIFO timeout interrupt occurs if all the following conditions exist: At least one character is in the FIFO. The most recent serial character received was longer than 4 continuous character times ago. (If 2 stop bits are programmed, the second one is included in this time delay). The most recent CPU read of the FIFO was longer than 4 continuous character times ago. B. Character times are calculated by using the RCLK input for a clock signal (this makes the delay proportional to the baudrate). C. When a timeout interrupt has occurred it is cleared and the timer reset when the CPU reads one character from the RCVR FIFO. D. When a timeout interrupt has not occurred the timeout timer is reset after a new character is received or after the CPU reads the RCVR FIFO. When the XMIT FIFO and transmitter interrupts are enabled (FCR bit 0 = "1", IER bit 1 = "1"), XMIT interrupts occur as follows: A. The transmitter holding register interrupt (02H) occurs when the XMIT FIFO is empty; it is cleared as soon as the transmitter holding register is written to (1 of 16 characters may be written to the XMIT FIFO while servicing this interrupt) or the IIR is read. B. The transmitter FIFO empty indications will be delayed 1 character time minus the last stop bit time whenever the following occurs: THRE=1 and there have not been at least two bytes at the same time in the transmitter FIFO since the last THRE=1. The transmitter interrupt after changing FCR0 will be immediate, if it is enabled. Character timeout and RCVR FIFO trigger level interrupts have the same priority as the current received data available interrupt; XMIT FIFO empty has the same priority as the current transmitter holding register empty interrupt. - This will cause a maximum character received to interrupt issued delay of 160 msec at 300 BAUD with a 12 bit character. 81 FIFO POLLED MODE OPERATION With FCR bit 0 = "1" resetting IER bits 0, 1, 2 or 3 or all to zero puts the UART in the FIFO Polled Mode of operation. Since the RCVR and XMITTER are controlled separately, either one or both can be in the polled mode of operation. In this mode, the user's program will check RCVR and XMITTER status via the LSR. LSR definitions for the FIFO Polled Mode are as follows: Bit 0=1 as long as there is one byte in the RCVR FIFO. Bits 1 to 4 specify which error(s) have occurred. Character error status is handled - the same way as when in the interrupt mode, the IIR is not affected since EIR bit 2=0. Bit 5 indicates when the XMIT FIFO is empty. Bit 6 indicates that both the XMIT FIFO and shift register are empty. Bit 7 indicates whether there are any errors in the RCVR FIFO. There is no trigger level reached or timeout condition indicated in the FIFO Polled Mode, however, the RCVR and XMIT FIFOs are still fully capable of holding characters. 82 REGISTER/SIGNAL Interrupt Enable Register Interrupt Identification Reg. FIFO Control Line Control Reg. MODEM Control Reg. Line Status Reg. MODEM Status Reg. TXD1, TXD2 INTRPT (RCVR errs) INTRPT (RCVR Data Ready) INTRPT (THRE) OUT2B RTSB DTRB OUT1B RCVR FIFO XMIT FIFO TABLE 36 - RESET FUNCTION RESET CONTROL RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET/Read LSR RESET/Read RBR RESET/ReadIIR/Write THR RESET RESET RESET RESET RESET/ FCR1*FCR0/_FCR0 RESET/ FCR1*FCR0/_FCR0 RESET STATE All bits low Bit 0 is high; Bits 1 - 7 low All bits low All bits low All bits low All bits low except 5, 6 high Bits 0 - 3 low; Bits 4 - 7 input High Low Low Low High High High High All Bits Low All Bits Low 83 TABLE 37 - REGISTER SUMMARY FOR AN INDIVIDUAL UART CHANNEL REGISTER REGISTER ADDRESS* REGISTER NAME SYMBOL BIT 0 BIT 1 ADDR = 0 DLAB = 0 ADDR = 0 DLAB = 0 ADDR = 1 DLAB = 0 Receive Buffer Register (Read Only) Transmitter Holding Register (Write Only) Interrupt Enable Register RBR THR IER Data Bit 0 (Note 1) Data Bit 0 Enable Received Data Available Interrupt (ERDAI) "0" if Interrupt Pending Data Bit 1 Data Bit 1 Enable Transmitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt (ETHREI) Interrupt ID Bit ADDR = 2 Interrupt Ident. Register (Read Only) IIR ADDR = 2 ADDR = 3 FIFO Control Register (Write Only) Line Control Register FCR (Note 7) LCR FIFO Enable RCVR FIFO Reset Word Length Word Length Select Bit 0 Select Bit 1 (WLS0) (WLS1) Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Data Ready (DR) Delta Clear to Send (DCTS) Bit 0 Bit 0 Bit 8 Request to Send (RTS) ADDR = 4 MODEM Control Register MCR ADDR = 5 ADDR = 6 Line Status Register MODEM Status Register LSR MSR Overrun Error (OE) Delta Data Set Ready (DDSR) Bit 1 Bit 1 Bit 9 ADDR = 7 ADDR = 0 DLAB = 1 ADDR = 1 DLAB = 1 Scratch Register (Note 4) Divisor Latch (LS) Divisor Latch (MS) SCR DDL DLM *DLAB is Bit 7 of the Line Control Register (ADDR = 3). Note 1: Bit 0 is the least significant bit. It is the first bit serially transmitted or received. Note 2: When operating in the XT mode, this bit will be set any time that the transmitter shift register is empty. 84 TABLE 38 - REGISTER SUMMARY FOR AN INDIVIDUAL UART CHANNEL (CONTINUED) BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 Data Bit 2 Data Bit 2 Enable Receiver Line Status Interrupt (ELSI) Data Bit 3 Data Bit 3 Enable MODEM Status Interrupt (EMSI) Data Bit 4 Data Bit 4 0 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 5 0 Data Bit 6 Data Bit 6 0 Data Bit 7 Data Bit 7 0 Interrupt ID Bit Interrupt ID Bit 0 (Note 5) XMIT FIFO Reset Number of Stop Bits (STB) OUT1 (Note 3) Parity Error (PE) DMA Mode Select (Note 6) Parity Enable (PEN) OUT2 (Note 3) Framing Error (FE) Reserved 0 FIFOs Enabled (Note 5) RCVR Trigger LSB Set Break FIFOs Enabled (Note 5) RCVR Trigger MSB Divisor Latch Access Bit (DLAB) 0 Reserved Even Parity Select (EPS) Loop Break Interrupt (BI) Stick Parity 0 Transmitter Holding Register (THRE) Data Set Ready (DSR) Bit 5 Bit 5 Bit 13 0 Error in RCVR Transmitter Empty (TEMT) FIFO (Note 5) (Note 2) Ring Indicator (RI) Bit 6 Bit 6 Bit 14 Data Carrier Detect (DCD) Bit 7 Bit 7 Bit 15 Trailing Edge Ring Indicator (TERI) Bit 2 Bit 2 Bit 10 Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Delta Data Carrier Detect (DDCD) Bit 3 Bit 3 Bit 11 Clear to Send (CTS) Bit 4 Bit 4 Bit 12 This bit no longer has a pin associated with it. When operating in the XT mode, this register is not available. These bits are always zero in the non-FIFO mode. Writing a one to this bit has no effect. DMA modes are not supported in this chip. The UART1 and UART2 FCR's are shadowed in the UART1 FIFO Control Shadow Register (LD8:CRC3[7:0]) and UART2 FIFO Control Shadow Register (LD8:CRC4[7:0]). 85 NOTES ON SERIAL PORT OPERATION FIFO MODE OPERATION: GENERAL The RCVR FIFO will hold up to 16 bytes regardless of which trigger level is selected. TX AND RX FIFO OPERATION The Tx portion of the UART transmits data through TXD as soon as the CPU loads a byte into the Tx FIFO. The UART will prevent loads to the Tx FIFO if it currently holds 16 characters. Loading to the Tx FIFO will again be enabled as soon as the next character is transferred to the Tx shift register. These capabilities account for the largely autonomous operation of the Tx. The UART starts the above operations typically with a Tx interrupt. The chip issues a Tx interrupt whenever the Tx FIFO is empty and the Tx interrupt is enabled, except in the following instance. Assume that the Tx FIFO is empty and the CPU starts to load it. When the first byte enters the FIFO the Tx FIFO empty interrupt will transition from active to inactive. Depending on the execution speed of the service routine software, the UART may be able to transfer this byte from the FIFO to the shift register before the CPU loads another byte. If this happens, the Tx FIFO will be empty again and typically the UART's interrupt line would transition to the active state. This could cause a system with an interrupt control unit to record a Tx FIFO empty condition, even though the CPU is currently servicing that interrupt. Therefore, after the first byte has been loaded into the FIFO the UART will wait one serial character transmission time before issuing a new Tx FIFO empty interrupt. This one character Tx interrupt delay will remain active until at least two bytes have the Tx FIFO empties after this condition, the Tx been loaded into the FIFO, concurrently. When interrupt will be activated without a one character delay. Rx support functions and operation are quite different from those described for the transmitter. The Rx FIFO receives data until the number of bytes in the FIFO equals the selected interrupt trigger level. At that time if Rx interrupts are enabled, the UART will issue an interrupt to the CPU. The Rx FIFO will continue to store bytes until it holds 16 of them. It will not accept any more data when it is full. Any more data entering the Rx shift register will set the Overrun Error flag. Normally, the FIFO depth and the programmable trigger levels will give the CPU ample time to empty the Rx FIFO before an overrun occurs. One side-effect of having a Rx FIFO is that the selected interrupt trigger level may be above the data level in the FIFO. This could occur when data at the end of the block contains fewer bytes than the trigger level. No interrupt would be issued to the CPU and the data would remain in the UART. To prevent the software from having to check for this situation the chip incorporates a timeout interrupt. The timeout interrupt is activated when there is a least one byte in the Rx FIFO, and neither the CPU nor the Rx shift register has accessed the Rx FIFO within 4 character times of the last byte. The timeout interrupt is cleared or reset when the CPU reads the Rx FIFO or another character enters it. These FIFO related features allow optimization of CPU/UART transactions and are especially useful given the higher baud rate capability (256 kbaud). Ring Wake Filter An optional filter is provided to prevent glitches to the wakeup circuitry and prevent unnecessary wakeup of the system when a phone is picked up or hung up. If enabled, this filter will be placed into the soft power management, SMI and PME/SCI wakeup event path of either of the UART ring indicator pins (nRI1, nRI2), or the nRING pin, which is an alternate function on GP11 and GP62. This feature is enabled onto the nRING pin or one of the ring indicator pins (nRI1, nRI2) via the Ring Filter Select Register defined below. If enabled, a frequency detection filter is placed in the path to the soft power management block, SMI and PME interface that generates an active 86 low pulse for the duration of a signal that produces 3 edges in a 200msec time period i.e., detects a pulse train of frequency 15Hz or higher. This filter circuit runs off of the 32 Khz clock. This circuit is powered by the VTR power supply. When this circuit is disabled, it will draw no current. The nRING function is part of the soft power management block as an additional wakeup event, and the SMI and PME interface logic. 1. A status and enable bit is in the soft power status and enable registers as follows: * RING Status bit - R/W: RING_STS, Bit 3 of Soft Power Status Register 2 (Logical Device 8, 0xB3); latched, cleared on read. 1= Ring indicator input occurred on the nRING pin and, if enabled, caused the wakeup (activated nPowerOn). 0= nRING input did not occur. * RING Enable bit - R/W: RING_EN, Bit 3 of Soft Power Enable Register 2 (Logical Device 8, 0xB1). 1=Enable ring indication on nRING pin as wakeup function to activate nPowerOn. 0=Disable. 2. An enable bit is in the SMI Enable Register 1 as follows: * RING Enable bit - R/W: RING_EN, Bit 0 of SMI Register 1 (System I/O Space, at RING WAKEUP FILTER OUTPUT n R IN G R in g W a k e u p F ilte r O u tp u t 87 INFRARED INTERFACE The infrared interface provides a two-way wireless communications port using infrared as a transmission medium. Several IR implementations have been provided for the second UART in this chip (logical device 5), IrDA, Consumer Remote Control, and Amplitude Shift Keyed IR. The IR transmission can use the standard UART2 TXD2 and RXD2 pins or optional IRTX and IRRX pins. These can be selected through the configuration registers. IrDA 1.0 allows serial communication at baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. Each word is sent serially beginning with a zero value start bit. A zero is signaled by sending a single IR pulse at the beginning of the serial bit time. A one is signaled by sending no IR pulse during the bit time. Please refer to the AC timing for the parameters of these pulses and the IrDA waveform. The consumer remote control interface can decode NEC PPM remote control frames in hardware as well provide a general-purpose synchronous ASK encoder/decoder with programmable carrier frequency and bit rates to emulate many other popular remote control encoding formats; including 38 kHz PPM, PWM and RC-5. Consult the SMSC CIrCC data sheet for more details. The Amplitude Shift Keyed IR allows asynchronous serial communication at baud rates up to 19.2K Baud. Each word is sent serially beginning with a zero value start bit. A zero is signaled by sending a 500KHz waveform for the duration of the serial bit time. A one is signaled by sending no transmission during the bit time. Please refer to the AC timing for the parameters of the ASK-IR waveform. If the Half-Duplex option is chosen, there is a timeout when the direction of the transmission is changed. This time-out starts at the last bit transferred during a transmission and blocks the receiver input until the timeout expires. If the transmit buffer is loaded with more data before the time-out expires, the timer is restarted after the new byte is transmitted. If data is loaded into the transmit buffer while a character is being received, the transmission will not start until the time-out expires after the last receive bit has been received. If the start bit of another character is received during this time-out, the timer is restarted after the new character is received. The IR halfduplex time-out is programmable via CRF2 in Logical Device 5. This register allows the time-out to be programmed to any value between 0 and 10msec in 100usec increments. PARALLEL PORT This chip incorporates an IBM XT/AT compatible parallel port. This supports the optional PS/2 type bi-directional parallel port (SPP), the Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) and the Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) parallel port modes. Refer to the Configuration Registers for information on disabling, power down, changing the base address of the parallel port, and selecting the mode of operation. This chip also provides a mode for support of the floppy disk controller on the parallel port. The parallel port also incorporates SMSC's ChiProtect circuitry, which prevents possible damage to the parallel port due to printer powerup. The functionality of the Parallel Port is achieved through the use of eight addressable ports, with their associated registers and control gating. The control and data port are read/write by the CPU, the status port is read/write in the EPP mode. The address map of the Parallel Port is shown below: DATA PORT STATUS PORT CONTROL PORT EPP ADDR PORT EPP DATA PORT 0 BASE ADDRESS + 00H BASE ADDRESS + 01H BASE ADDRESS + 02H BASE ADDRESS + 03H BASE ADDRESS + 04H 88 EPP DATA PORT 1 EPP DATA PORT 2 EPP DATA PORT 3 D0 DATA PORT STATUS PORT CONTROL PORT EPP ADDR PORT EPP DATA PORT 0 EPP DATA PORT 1 EPP DATA PORT 2 EPP DATA PORT 3 PD0 TMOUT STROBE PD0 PD0 PD0 PD0 PD0 BASE ADDRESS + 05H BASE ADDRESS + 06H BASE ADDRESS + 07H D1 PD1 0 AUTOFD PD1 PD1 PD1 PD1 PD1 D2 PD2 0 nINIT PD2 PD2 PD2 PD2 PD2 D3 PD3 nERR SLC PD3 PD3 PD3 PD3 PD3 The bit map of these registers is: D4 PD4 SLCT IRQE PD4 PD4 PD4 PD4 PD4 D5 PD5 PE PCD PD5 PD5 PD5 PD5 PD5 D6 PD6 nACK 0 PD6 PD6 PD6 PD6 PD6 D7 PD7 nBUSY 0 AD7 PD7 PD7 PD7 PD7 Note 1 1 1 2,3 2,3 2,3 2,3 2,3 Note 1: These registers are available in all modes. Note 2: These registers are only available in EPP mode. Note 3: For EPP mode, IOCHRDY must be connected to the ISA bus. 75 TABLE 39 - PARALLEL PORT CONNECTOR HOST CONNECTOR 1 2-9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 (1) = Compatible Mode (3) = High Speed Mode Note: For the cable interconnection required for ECP support and the Slave Connector pin numbers, refer to the IEEE 1284 Extended Capabilities Port Protocol and ISA Standard, Rev. 1.14, July 14, 1993. This document is available from Microsoft. PIN NUMBER STANDARD nStrobe PData<0:7> nAck Busy PE Select nAutofd nError nInit nSelectin nWrite PData<0:7> Intr nWait (NU) (NU) nDatastb (NU) (NU) nAddrstrb EPP nStrobe PData<0:7> nAck Busy, PeriphAck(3) PError, nAckReverse(3) Select nAutoFd, HostAck(3) nFault(1) nPeriphRequest(3) nInit(1) nReverseRqst(3) nSelectIn(1,3) ECP 89 IBM XT/AT COMPATIBLE, BI-DIRECTIONAL AND EPP MODES DATA PORT ADDRESS OFFSET = 00H The Data Port is located at an offset of '00H' from the base address. The data register is cleared at initialization by RESET. During a WRITE operation, the Data Register latches the contents of the data bus with the rising edge of the nIOW input. The contents of this register are buffered (non inverting) and output onto the PD0 - PD7 ports. During a READ operation in SPP mode, PD0 - PD7 ports are buffered (not latched) and output to the host CPU. STATUS PORT ADDRESS OFFSET = 01H The Status Port is located at an offset of '01H' from the base address. The contents of this register are latched for the duration of an nIOR read cycle. The bits of the Status Port are defined as follows: BIT 0 TMOUT - TIME OUT This bit is valid in EPP mode only and indicates that a 10 usec time out has occurred on the EPP bus. A logic O means that no time out error has occurred; a logic 1 means that a time out error has been detected. This bit is cleared by a RESET. Writing a one to this bit clears the time out status bit. On a write, this bit is self clearing and does not require a write of a zero. Writing a zero to this bit has no effect. BITS 1, 2 - are not implemented as register bits, during a read of the Printer Status Register these bits are a low level. BIT 3 nERR - nERROR The level on the nERROR input is read by the CPU as bit 3 of the Printer Status Register. A logic 0 means an error has been detected; a logic 1 means no error has been detected. BIT 4 SLCT - PRINTER SELECTED STATUS The level on the SLCT input is read by the CPU as bit 4 of the Printer Status Register. A logic 1 means the printer is on line; a logic 0 means it is not selected. BIT 5 PE - PAPER END The level on the PE input is read by the CPU as bit 5 of the Printer Status Register. A logic 1 indicates a paper end; a logic 0 indicates the presence of paper. BIT 6 nACK - nACKNOWLEDGE The level on the nACK input is read by the CPU as bit 6 of the Printer Status Register. A logic 0 means that the printer has received a character and can now accept another. A logic 1 means that it is still processing the last character or has not received the data. BIT 7 nBUSY - nBUSY The complement of the level on the BUSY input is read by the CPU as bit 7 of the Printer Status Register. A logic 0 in this bit means that the printer is busy and cannot accept a new character. A logic 1 means that it is ready to accept the next character. CONTROL PORT ADDRESS OFFSET = 02H The Control Port is located at an offset of '02H' from the base address. The Control Register is initialized by the RESET input, bits 0 to 5 only being affected; bits 6 and 7 are hard wired low. BIT 0 STROBE - STROBE This bit is inverted and output onto the nSTROBE output. BIT 1 AUTOFD - AUTOFEED This bit is inverted and output onto the nAUTOFD output. A logic 1 causes the printer to generate a line feed after each line is printed. A logic 0 means no autofeed. BIT 2 nINIT - nINITIATE OUTPUT This bit is output onto the nINIT output without inversion. 90 BIT 3 SLCTIN - PRINTER SELECT INPUT This bit is inverted and output onto the nSLCTIN output. A logic 1 on this bit selects the printer; a logic 0 means the printer is not selected. BIT 4 IRQE - INTERRUPT REQUEST ENABLE The interrupt request enable bit when set to a high level may be used to enable interrupt requests from the Parallel Port to the CPU. An interrupt request is generated on the IRQ port by a positive going nACK input. When the IRQE bit is programmed low the IRQ is disabled. BIT 5 PCD - PARALLEL CONTROL DIRECTION Parallel Control Direction is not valid in printer mode. In printer mode, the direction is always out regardless of the state of this bit. In bi-directional, EPP or ECP mode, a logic 0 means that the printer port is in output mode (write); a logic 1 means that the printer port is in input mode (read). Bits 6 and 7 during a read are a low level, and cannot be written. EPP ADDRESS PORT ADDRESS OFFSET = 03H The EPP Address Port is located at an offset of '03H' from the base address. The address register is cleared at initialization by RESET. During a WRITE operation, the contents of DB0DB7 are buffered (non inverting) and output onto the PD0 - PD7 ports, the leading edge of nIOW causes an EPP ADDRESS WRITE cycle to be performed, the trailing edge of IOW latches the data for the duration of the EPP write cycle. During a READ operation, PD0 - PD7 ports are read, the leading edge of IOR causes an EPP ADDRESS READ cycle to be performed and the data output to the host CPU, the deassertion of ADDRSTB latches the PData for the duration of the IOR cycle. This register is only available in EPP mode. EPP DATA PORT 0 ADDRESS OFFSET = 04H The EPP Data Port 0 is located at an offset of '04H' from the base address. The data register is cleared at initialization by RESET. During a WRITE operation, the contents of DB0-DB7 are buffered (non inverting) and output onto the PD0 PD7 ports, the leading edge of nIOW causes an EPP DATA WRITE cycle to be performed, the trailing edge of IOW latches the data for the duration of the EPP write cycle. During a READ operation, PD0 - PD7 ports are read, the leading edge of IOR causes an EPP READ cycle to be performed and the data output to the host CPU, the deassertion of DATASTB latches the PData for the duration of the IOR cycle. This register is only available in EPP mode. EPP DATA PORT 1 ADDRESS OFFSET = 05H The EPP Data Port 1 is located at an offset of '05H' from the base address. Refer to EPP DATA PORT 0 for a description of operation. This register is only available in EPP mode. EPP DATA PORT 2 ADDRESS OFFSET = 06H The EPP Data Port 2 is located at an offset of '06H' from the base address. Refer to EPP DATA PORT 0 for a description of operation. This register is only available in EPP mode. EPP DATA PORT 3 ADDRESS OFFSET = 07H The EPP Data Port 3 is located at an offset of '07H' from the base address. Refer to EPP DATA PORT 0 for a description of operation. This register is only available in EPP mode. EPP 1.9 OPERATION When the EPP mode is selected in the configuration register, the standard and bidirectional modes are also available. If no EPP Read, Write or Address cycle is currently executing, then the PDx bus is in the standard or bi-directional mode, and all output signals (STROBE, AUTOFD, INIT) are as set by the SPP Control Port and direction is controlled by PCD of the Control port. 91 In EPP mode, the system timing is closely coupled to the EPP timing. For this reason, a watchdog timer is required to prevent system lockup. The timer indicates if more than 10usec have elapsed from the start of the EPP cycle (nIOR or nIOW asserted) to nWAIT being deasserted (after command). If a time-out occurs, the current EPP cycle is aborted and the time-out condition is indicated in Status bit 0. During an EPP cycle, if STROBE is active, it overrides the EPP write signal forcing the PDx bus to always be in a write mode and the nWRITE signal to always be asserted. Software Constraints Before an EPP cycle is executed, the software must ensure that the control register bit PCD is a logic "0" (ie a 04H or 05H should be written to the Control port). If the user leaves PCD as a logic "1", and attempts to perform an EPP write, the chip is unable to perform the write (because PCD is a logic "1") and will appear to perform an EPP read on the parallel bus, no error is indicated. EPP 1.9 Write The timing for a write operation (address or data) is shown in timing diagram EPP Write Data or Address cycle. IOCHRDY is driven active low at the start of each EPP write and is released when it has been determined that the write cycle can complete. The write cycle can complete under the following circumstances: 1. If the EPP bus is not ready (nWAIT is active low) when nDATASTB or nADDRSTB goes active then the write can complete when nWAIT goes inactive high. If the EPP bus is ready (nWAIT is inactive high) then the chip must wait for it to go active low before changing the state of nDATASTB, nWRITE or nADDRSTB. The write can complete once nWAIT is determined inactive. The host selects an EPP register, places data on the SData bus and drives nIOW active. 2. The chip drives IOCHRDY inactive (low). 3. If WAIT is not asserted, the chip must wait until WAIT is asserted. 4. The chip places address or data on PData bus, clears PDIR, and asserts nWRITE. 5. Chip asserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB indicating that PData bus contains valid information, and the WRITE signal is valid. 6. Peripheral deasserts nWAIT, indicating that any setup requirements have been satisfied and the chip may begin the termination phase of the cycle. 7. a) The chip deasserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB, this marks the beginning of the termination phase. If it has not already done so, the peripheral should latch the information byte now. b) The chip latches the data from the SData bus for the PData bus and asserts (releases) IOCHRDY allowing the host to complete the write cycle. 8. Peripheral asserts nWAIT, indicating to the host that any hold time requirements have been satisfied and acknowledging the termination of the cycle. 9. Chip may modify nWRITE and nPDATA in preparation for the next cycle. EPP 1.9 Read The timing for a read operation (data) is shown in timing diagram EPP Read Data cycle. IOCHRDY is driven active low at the start of each EPP read and is released when it has been determined that the read cycle can complete. The read cycle can complete under the following circumstances: 1 If the EPP bus is not ready (nWAIT is active low) when nDATASTB goes active then the read can complete when nWAIT goes inactive high. If the EPP bus is ready (nWAIT is inactive high) then the chip must wait for it to go active low before changing the state of WRITE or before nDATASTB goes active. The read can complete once nWAIT is determined inactive. 1. 2. 2. Write Sequence of operation Read Sequence of Operation 92 The host selects an EPP register and drives nIOR active. 2. The chip drives IOCHRDY inactive (low). 3. If WAIT is not asserted, the chip must wait until WAIT is asserted. 4. The chip tri-states the PData bus and deasserts nWRITE. 5. Chip asserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB indicating that PData bus is tri-stated, PDIR is set and the nWRITE signal is valid. 6. Peripheral drives PData bus valid. 7. Peripheral deasserts nWAIT, indicating that PData is valid and the chip may begin the termination phase of the cycle. 8. a) The chip latches the data from the PData bus for the SData bus and deasserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB. This marks the beginning of the termination phase. b) The chip drives the valid data onto the SData bus and asserts (releases) IOCHRDY allowing the host to complete the read cycle. 9. Peripheral tri-states the PData bus and asserts nWAIT, indicating to the host that the PData bus is tri-stated. 10. Chip may modify nWRITE, PDIR and nPDATA in preparation for the next cycle. EPP 1.7 OPERATION When the EPP 1.7 mode is selected in the configuration register, the standard and bidirectional modes are also available. If no EPP Read, Write or Address cycle is currently executing, then the PDx bus is in the standard or bi-directional mode, and all output signals (STROBE, AUTOFD, INIT) are as set by the SPP Control Port and direction is controlled by PCD of the Control port. 1. cycle is aborted and the time-out condition is indicated in Status bit 0. Software Constraints Before an EPP cycle is executed, the software must ensure that the control register bits D0, D1 and D3 are set to zero. Also, bit D5 (PCD) is a logic "0" for an EPP write or a logic "1" for and EPP read. EPP 1.7 Write The timing for a write operation (address or data) is shown in timing diagram EPP 1.7 Write Data or Address cycle. IOCHRDY is driven active low when nWAIT is active low during the EPP cycle. This can be used to extend the cycle time. The write cycle can complete when nWAIT is inactive high. Write Sequence of Operation 1. 2. 3. 4. The host sets PDIR bit in the control register to a logic "0". This asserts nWRITE. The host selects an EPP register, places data on the SData bus and drives nIOW active. The chip places address or data on PData bus. Chip asserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB indicating that PData bus contains valid information, and the WRITE signal is valid. If nWAIT is asserted, IOCHRDY is deasserted until the peripheral deasserts nWAIT or a time-out occurs. When the host deasserts nIOW the chip deasserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB and latches the data from the SData bus for the PData bus. Chip may modify nWRITE, PDIR and nPDATA in preparation of the next cycle. 5. 6. 7. In EPP mode, the system timing is closely coupled to the EPP timing. For this reason, a watchdog timer is required to prevent system lockup. The timer indicates if more than 10usec have elapsed from the start of the EPP cycle (nIOR or nIOW asserted) to the end of the cycle nIOR or nIOW deasserted). If a time-out occurs, the current EPP EPP 1.7 Read The timing for a read operation (data) is shown in timing diagram EPP 1.7 Read Data cycle. IOCHRDY is driven active low when nWAIT is active low during the EPP cycle. This can be used to extend the cycle time. The read cycle can complete when nWAIT is inactive high. 93 4. Read Sequence of Operation 1. The host sets PDIR bit in the control register to a logic "1". This deasserts nWRITE and tristates the PData bus. The host selects an EPP register and drives nIOR active. Chip asserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB indicating that PData bus is tri-stated, PDIR is set and the nWRITE signal is valid. 5. 6. 2. 3. 7. 8. 9. If nWAIT is asserted, IOCHRDY is deasserted until the peripheral deasserts nWAIT or a time-out occurs. The Peripheral drives PData bus valid. The Peripheral deasserts nWAIT, indicating that PData is valid and the chip may begin the termination phase of the cycle. When the host deasserts nIOR the chip deasserts nDATASTB or nADDRSTRB. Peripheral tri-states the PData bus. Chip may modify nWRITE, PDIR and nPDATA in preparation of the next cycle. 94 TABLE 40 - EPP PIN DESCRIPTIONS EPP SIGNAL nWRITE PD<0:7> INTR WAIT EPP NAME nWrite Address/Data Interrupt nWait TYPE O I/O I I EPP DESCRIPTION This signal is active low. It denotes a write operation. Bi-directional EPP byte wide address and data bus. This signal is active high and positive edge triggered. (Pass through with no inversion, Same as SPP). This signal is active low. It is driven inactive as a positive acknowledgement from the device that the transfer of data is completed. It is driven active as an indication that the device is ready for the next transfer. This signal is active low. It is used to denote data read or write operation. This signal is active low. When driven active, the EPP device is reset to its initial operational mode. This signal is active low. write operation. Same as SPP mode. Same as SPP mode. Same as SPP mode. This output shows the direction of the data transfer on the parallel port bus. A low means an output/write condition and a high means an input/read condition. This signal is normally a low (output/write) unless PCD of the control register is set or if an EPP read cycle is in progress. It is used to denote address read or DATASTB RESET ADDRSTB PE SLCT nERR PDIR nData Strobe nReset nAddress Strobe Paper End Printer Selected Status Error Parallel Port Direction O O O I I I O Note 1: SPP and EPP can use 1 common register. Note 2: nWrite is the only EPP output that can be over-ridden by SPP control port during an EPP cycle. For correct EPP read cycles, PCD is required to be a low. 95 EXTENDED CAPABILITIES PARALLEL PORT ECP provides a number of advantages, some of which are listed below. The individual features are explained in greater detail in the remainder of this section. * * * * * * * * High performance half-duplex forward and reverse channel Interlocked handshake, for fast reliable transfer Optional single byte RLE compression for improved throughput (64:1) Channel addressing for low-cost peripherals Maintains link and data layer separation Permits the use of active output drivers Permits the use of adaptive signal timing Peer-to-peer capability reverse: Peripheral to Host communication Pword: A port word; equal in size to the width of the ISA interface. For this implementation, PWord is always 8 bits. 1 A high level. 0 A low level. These terms may be considered synonymous: * * * * * * * * * PeriphClk, nAck HostAck, nAutoFd PeriphAck, Busy nPeriphRequest, nFault nReverseRequest, nInit nAckReverse, PError Xflag, Select ECPMode, nSelectln HostClk, nStrobe Vocabulary The following terms are used in this document: assert: When a signal asserts it transitions to a "true" state, when a signal deasserts it transitions to a "false" state. forward: Host to Peripheral communication. Reference Document: IEEE 1284 Extended Capabilities Port Protocol and ISA Interface Standard, Rev 1.14, July 14, 1993. This document is available from Microsoft. 96 The bit map of the Extended Parallel Port registers is: D7 data ecpAFifo dsr dcr cFifo ecpDFifo tFifo cnfgA cnfgB ecr 0 compress 0 intrValue MODE 0 PD7 Addr/RLE nBusy 0 nAck 0 PError Direction D6 PD6 D5 PD5 D4 PD4 D3 PD3 D2 PD2 D1 PD1 D0 PD0 2 0 nInit 0 autofd 0 strobe 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 Parallel Port DMA dmaEn serviceIntr full empty 0 Note Address or RLE field Select ackIntEn nFault SelectIn Parallel Port Data FIFO ECP Data FIFO Test FIFO 1 Parallel Port IRQ nErrIntrEn Note 1: These registers are available in all modes. Note 2: All FIFOs use one common 16 byte FIFO. Note 3: The ECP Parallel Port Config Reg B reflects the IRQ and DRQ selected by the Configuration Registers. ISA IMPLEMENTATION STANDARD This specification describes the standard ISA interface to the Extended Capabilities Port (ECP). All ISA devices supporting ECP must meet the requirements contained in this section or the port will not be supported by Microsoft. For a description of the ECP Protocol, please refer to the IEEE 1284 Extended Capabilities Port Protocol and ISA Interface Standard, Rev. 1.14, July 14, 1993. This document is available from Microsoft. Description The port is software and hardware compatible with existing parallel ports so that it may be used as a standard LPT port if ECP is not required. The port is designed to be simple and requires a small number of gates to implement. It does not do any "protocol" negotiation, rather it provides an automatic high burst-bandwidth channel that supports DMA for ECP in both the forward and reverse directions. Small FIFOs are employed in both forward and reverse directions to smooth data flow and improve the maximum bandwidth requirement. The size of the FIFO is 16 bytes deep. The port supports an automatic handshake for the standard parallel port to improve compatibility mode transfer speed. The port also supports run length encoded (RLE) decompression (required) in hardware. Compression is accomplished by counting identical bytes and transmitting an RLE byte that indicates how many times the next byte is to be repeated. Decompression simply intercepts the RLE byte and repeats the following byte the specified number of times. Hardware support for compression is optional. 97 NAME nStrobe PData 7:0 nAck PeriphAck (Busy) TYPE O I/O I I TABLE 41 - ECP PIN DESCRIPTIONS DESCRIPTION During write operations nStrobe registers data or address into the slave on the asserting edge (handshakes with Busy). Contains address or data or RLE data. Indicates valid data driven by the peripheral when asserted. This signal handshakes with nAutoFd in reverse. This signal deasserts to indicate that the peripheral can accept data. This signal handshakes with nStrobe in the forward direction. In the reverse direction this signal indicates whether the data lines contain ECP command information or data. The peripheral uses this signal to flow control in the forward direction. It is an "interlocked" handshake with nStrobe. PeriphAck also provides command information in the reverse direction. Used to acknowledge a change in the direction the transfer (asserted = forward). The peripheral drives this signal low to acknowledge nReverseRequest. It is an "interlocked" handshake with nReverseRequest. The host relies upon nAckReverse to determine when it is permitted to drive the data bus. Indicates printer on line. Requests a byte of data from the peripheral when asserted, handshaking with nAck in the reverse direction. In the forward direction this signal indicates whether the data lines contain ECP address or data. The host drives this signal to flow control in the reverse direction. It is an "interlocked" handshake with nAck. HostAck also provides command information in the forward phase. Generates an error interrupt when asserted. This signal provides a mechanism for peer-to-peer communication. This signal is valid only in the forward direction. During ECP Mode the peripheral is permitted (but not required) to drive this pin low to request a reverse transfer. The request is merely a "hint" to the host; the host has ultimate control over the transfer direction. This signal would be typically used to generate an interrupt to the host CPU. Sets the transfer direction (asserted = reverse, deasserted = forward). This pin is driven low to place the channel in the reverse direction. The peripheral is only allowed to drive the bi-directional data bus while in ECP Mode and HostAck is low and nSelectIn is high. Always deasserted in ECP mode. PError (nAckReverse) I Select nAutoFd (HostAck) I O nFault (nPeriphRequest) I nInit O nSelectIn O 98 Register Definitions The register definitions are based on the standard IBM addresses for LPT. All of the standard printer ports are supported. The additional registers attach to an upper bit decode of the standard LPT port definition to avoid conflict with standard ISA devices. The port is equivalent to a generic parallel port interface and may be operated in that mode. The port registers vary depending on the mode field in the ecr. The table below lists these dependencies. Operation of the devices in modes other that those specified is undefined. NAME data ecpAFifo dsr dcr cFifo ecpDFifo tFifo cnfgA cnfgB ecr TABLE 42 - ECP REGISTER DEFINITIONS ADDRESS (Note 1) ECP MODES +000h R/W +000h R/W +001h R/W +002h R/W +400h R/W +400h R/W +400h R/W +400h R +401h R/W +402h R/W 000-001 011 All All 010 011 110 111 111 All FUNCTION Data Register ECP FIFO (Address) Status Register Control Register Parallel Port Data FIFO ECP FIFO (DATA) Test FIFO Configuration Register A Configuration Register B Extended Control Register Note 1: These addresses are added to the parallel port base address as selected by configuration register or jumpers. Note 2: All addresses are qualified with AEN. Refer to the AEN pin definition. TABLE 43 - MODE DESCRIPTIONS DESCRIPTION* SPP mode PS/2 Parallel Port mode Parallel Port Data FIFO mode ECP Parallel Port mode EPP mode (If this option is enabled in the configuration registers) Reserved Test mode Configuration mode MODE 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 *Refer to ECR Register Description 99 DATA and ecpAFifo PORT ADDRESS OFFSET = 00H Modes 000 and 001 (Data Port) The Data Port is located at an offset of '00H' from the base address. The data register is cleared at initialization by RESET. During a WRITE operation, the Data Register latches the contents of the data bus on the rising edge of the nIOW input. The contents of this register are buffered (non inverting) and output onto the PD0 - PD7 ports. During a READ operation, PD0 - PD7 ports are read and output to the host CPU. Mode 011 (ECP FIFO - Address/RLE) A data byte written to this address is placed in the FIFO and tagged as an ECP Address/RLE. The hardware at the ECP port transmits this byte to the peripheral automatically. The operation of this register is ony defined for the forward direction (direction is 0). Refer to the ECP Parallel Port Forward Timing Diagram, located in the Timing Diagrams section of this data sheet . BIT 5 PError The level on the PError input is read by the CPU as bit 5 of the Device Status Register. Printer Status Register. BIT 6 nAck The level on the nAck input is read by the CPU as bit 6 of the Device Status Register. BIT 7 nBusy The complement of the level on the BUSY input is read by the CPU as bit 7 of the Device Status Register. DEVICE CONTROL REGISTER (dcr) ADDRESS OFFSET = 02H The Control Register is located at an offset of '02H' from the base address. The Control Register is initialized to zero by the RESET input, bits 0 to 5 only being affected; bits 6 and 7 are hard wired low. BIT 0 STROBE - STROBE This bit is inverted and output onto the nSTROBE output. BIT 1 AUTOFD - AUTOFEED This bit is inverted and output onto the nAUTOFD output. A logic 1 causes the printer to generate a line feed after each line is printed. A logic 0 means no autofeed. BIT 2 nINIT - nINITIATE OUTPUT This bit is output onto the nINIT output without inversion. BIT 3 SELECTIN This bit is inverted and output onto the nSLCTIN output. A logic 1 on this bit selects the printer; a logic 0 means the printer is not selected. BIT 4 ackIntEn - INTERRUPT REQUEST ENABLE The interrupt request enable bit when set to a high level may be used to enable interrupt requests from the Parallel Port to the CPU due to a low to high transition on the nACK input. Refer to the description of the interrupt under Operation, Interrupts. DEVICE STATUS REGISTER (dsr) ADDRESS OFFSET = 01H The Status Port is located at an offset of '01H' from the base address. Bits 0 - 2 are not implemented as register bits, during a read of the Printer Status Register these bits are a low level. The bits of the Status Port are defined as follows: BIT 3 nFault The level on the nFault input is read by the CPU as bit 3 of the Device Status Register. BIT 4 Select The level on the Select input is read by the CPU as bit 4 of the Device Status Register. 100 BIT 5 DIRECTION If mode=000 or mode=010, this bit has no effect and the direction is always out regardless of the state of this bit. In all other modes, Direction is valid and a logic 0 means that the printer port is in output mode (write); a logic 1 means that the printer port is in input mode (read). BITS 6 and 7 during a read are a low level, and cannot be written. cFifo (Parallel Port Data FIFO) ADDRESS OFFSET = 400h Mode = 010 Bytes written or DMAed from the system to this FIFO are transmitted by a hardware handshake to the peripheral using the standard parallel port protocol. Transfers to the FIFO are byte aligned. This mode is only defined for the forward direction. ecpDFifo (ECP Data FIFO) ADDRESS OFFSET = 400H Mode = 011 Bytes written or DMAed from the system to this FIFO, when the direction bit is 0, are transmitted by a hardware handshake to the peripheral using the ECP parallel port protocol. Transfers to the FIFO are byte aligned. Data bytes from the peripheral are read under automatic hardware handshake from ECP into this FIFO when the direction bit is 1. Reads or DMAs from the FIFO will return bytes of ECP data to the system. tFifo (Test FIFO Mode) ADDRESS OFFSET = 400H Mode = 110 Data bytes may be read, written or DMAed to or from the system to this FIFO in any direction. Data in the tFIFO will not be transmitted to the to the parallel port lines using a hardware protocol handshake. However, data in the tFIFO may be displayed on the parallel port data lines. The tFIFO will not stall when overwritten or underrun. If an attempt is made to write data to a full tFIFO, the new data is not accepted into the tFIFO. If an attempt is made to read data from an empty tFIFO, the last data byte is re-read again. The full and empty bits must always keep track of the correct FIFO state. The tFIFO will transfer data at the maximum ISA rate so that software may generate performance metrics. The FIFO size and interrupt threshold can be determined by writing bytes to the FIFO and checking the full and serviceIntr bits. The writeIntrThreshold can be determined by starting with a full tFIFO, setting the direction bit to 0 and emptying it a byte at a time until serviceIntr is set. This may generate a spurious interrupt, but will indicate that the threshold has been reached. The readIntrThreshold can be determined by setting the direction bit to 1 and filling the empty tFIFO a byte at a time until serviceIntr is set. This may generate a spurious interrupt, but will indicate that the threshold has been reached. Data bytes are always read from the head of tFIFO regardless of the value of the direction bit. For example if 44h, 33h, 22h is written to the FIFO, then reading the tFIFO will return 44h, 33h, 22h in the same order as was written. cnfgA (Configuration Register A) ADDRESS OFFSET = 400H Mode = 111 This register is a read only register. When read, 10H is returned. This indicates to the system that this is an 8-bit implementation. (PWord = 1 byte) cnfgB (Configuration Register B) ADDRESS OFFSET = 401H Mode = 111 BIT 7 compress This bit is read only. During a read it is a low level. This means that this chip does not support hardware RLE compression. It does support hardware de-compression! BIT 6 intrValue Returns the value on the ISA IRq line to determine possible conflicts. BITS [5:3] Parallel Port IRQ (read-only) Refer to Table 44B. 101 BITS [2:0] Parallel Port DMA (read-only) Refer to Table 44C. ecr (Extended Control Register) ADDRESS OFFSET = 402H Mode = all This register controls the extended ECP parallel port functions. BITS 7,6,5 These bits are Read/Write and select the Mode. BIT 4 nErrIntrEn Read/Write (Valid only in ECP Mode) 1: Disables the interrupt generated on the asserting edge of nFault. 0: Enables an interrupt pulse on the high to low edge of nFault. Note that an interrupt will be generated if nFault is asserted (interrupting) and this bit is written from a 1 to a 0. This prevents interrupts from being lost in the time between the read of the ecr and the write of the ecr. BIT 3 dmaEn Read/Write 1: Enables DMA (DMA starts when serviceIntr is 0). 0: Disables DMA unconditionally. BIT 2 serviceIntr Read/Write Disables DMA and all of the service interrupts. 0: Enables one of the following 3 cases of interrupts. Once one of the 3 service interrupts has occurred serviceIntr bit shall be set to a 1 by hardware. It must be reset to 0 to re-enable the interrupts. Writing this bit to a 1 will not cause an interrupt. case dmaEn=1: During DMA (this bit is set to a 1 when terminal count is reached). case dmaEn=0 direction=0: This bit shall be set to 1 whenever there are writeIntrThreshold or more bytes free in the FIFO. case dmaEn=0 direction=1: This bit shall be set to 1 whenever there are readIntrThreshold or more valid bytes to be read from the FIFO. BIT 1 full Read only 1: The FIFO cannot accept another byte or the FIFO is completely full. 0: The FIFO has at least 1 free byte. BIT 0 empty Read only 1: The FIFO is completely empty. 0: The FIFO contains at least 1 byte of data. 1: 102 R/W 000: TABLE 44 - EXTENDED CONTROL REGISTER MODE Standard Parallel Port Mode . In this mode the FIFO is reset and common collector drivers are used on the control lines (nStrobe, nAutoFd, nInit and nSelectIn). Setting the direction bit will not tri-state the output drivers in this mode. PS/2 Parallel Port Mode. Same as above except that direction may be used to tri-state the data lines and reading the data register returns the value on the data lines and not the value in the data register. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). Parallel Port FIFO Mode. This is the same as 000 except that bytes are written or DMAed to the FIFO. FIFO data is automatically transmitted using the standard parallel port protocol. Note that this mode is only useful when direction is 0. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). ECP Parallel Port Mode. In the forward direction (direction is 0) bytes placed into the ecpDFifo and bytes written to the ecpAFifo are placed in a single FIFO and transmitted automatically to the peripheral using ECP Protocol. In the reverse direction (direction is 1) bytes are moved from the ECP parallel port and packed into bytes in the ecpDFifo. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). Selects EPP Mode: In this mode, EPP is selected if the EPP supported option is selected in configuration register L3-CRF0. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). Reserved Test Mode. In this mode the FIFO may be written and read, but the data will not be transmitted on the parallel port. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). Configuration Mode. In this mode the confgA, confgB registers are accessible at 0x400 and 0x401. All drivers have active pull-ups (push-pull). 001: 010: 011: 100: 101: 110: 111: TABLE 44B IRQ SELECTED 15 14 11 10 9 7 5 All Others CONFIG REG B BITS 5:3 110 101 100 011 010 001 111 000 TABLE 44C DMA SELECTED 3 2 1 All Others CONFIG REG B BITS 2:0 011 010 001 000 103 OPERATION Mode Switching/Software Control Software will execute P1284 negotiation and all operation prior to a data transfer phase under programmed I/O control (mode 000 or 001). Hardware provides an automatic control line handshake, moving data between the FIFO and the ECP port only in the data transfer phase (modes 011 or 010). Setting the mode to 011 or 010 will cause the hardware to initiate data transfer. If the port is in mode 000 or 001 it may switch to any other mode. If the port is not in mode 000 or 001 it can only be switched into mode 000 or 001. The direction can only be changed in mode 001. Once in an extended forward mode the software should wait for the FIFO to be empty before switching back to mode 000 or 001. In this case all control signals will be deasserted before the mode switch. In an ecp reverse mode the software waits for all the data to be read from the FIFO before changing back to mode 000 or 001. Since the automatic hardware ecp reverse handshake only cares about the state of the FIFO it may have acquired extra data which will be discarded. It may in fact be in the middle of a transfer when the mode is changed back to 000 or 001. In this case the port will deassert nAutoFd independent of the state of the transfer. The design shall not cause glitches on the handshake signals if the software meets the constraints above. ECP Operation Prior to ECP operation the Host must negotiate on the parallel port to determine if the peripheral supports the ECP protocol. This is a somewhat complex negotiation carried out under program control in mode 000. After negotiation, it is necessary to initialize some of the port bits. The following are required: * * Set Direction = 0, enabling the drivers. Set strobe = 0, causing the nStrobe signal to default to the deasserted state. * * Set autoFd = 0, causing the nAutoFd signal to default to the deasserted state. Set mode = 011 (ECP Mode) ECP address/RLE bytes or data bytes may be sent automatically by writing the ecpAFifo or ecpDFifo respectively. Note that all FIFO data transfers are byte wide and byte aligned. Address/RLE transfers are byte-wide and only allowed in the forward direction. The host may switch directions by first switching to mode = 001, negotiating for the forward or reverse channel, setting direction to 1 or 0, then setting mode = 011. When direction is 1 the hardware shall handshake for each ECP read data byte and attempt to fill the FIFO. Bytes may then be read from the ecpDFifo as long as it is not empty. ECP transfers may also be accomplished (albeit slowly) by handshaking individual bytes under program control in mode = 001, or 000. Termination from ECP Mode Termination from ECP Mode is similar to the termination from Nibble/Byte Modes. The host is permitted to terminate from ECP Mode only in specific well-defined states. The termination can only be executed while the bus is in the forward direction. To terminate while the channel is in the reverse direction, it must first be transitioned into the forward direction. 104 Command/Data ECP Mode supports two advanced features to improve the effectiveness of the protocol for some applications. The features are implemented by allowing the transfer of normal 8 bit data or 8 bit commands. When in the forward direction, normal data is transferred when HostAck is high and an 8 bit command is transferred when HostAck is low. The most significant bit of the command indicates whether it is a run-length count (for compression) or a channel address. When in the reverse direction, normal data is transferred when PeriphAck is high and an 8 bit command is transferred when PeriphAck is low. The most significant bit of the command is always zero. Reverse channel addresses are seldom used and may not be supported in hardware. Table 45 - Forward Channel Commands (HostAck Low) Reverse Channel Commands (PeripAck Low) D7 D[6:0] 0 1 Run-Length Count (0-127) 0011 0X00 only) Channel Address (0-127) (mode subsequent data byte is replicated the specified number of times. A run-length count of zero specifies that only one byte of data is represented by the next data byte, whereas a run-length count of 127 indicates that the next byte should be expanded to 128 bytes. To prevent data expansion, however, run-length counts of zero should be avoided. Pin Definition The drivers for nStrobe, nAutoFd, nInit and nSelectIn are open-collector in mode 000 and are push-pull in all other modes. ISA Connections The interface can never stall causing the host to hang. The width of data transfers is strictly controlled on an I/O address basis per this specification. All FIFO-DMA transfers are byte wide, byte aligned and end on a byte boundary. (The PWord value can be obtained by reading Configuration Register A, cnfgA, described in the next section). Single byte wide transfers are always possible with standard or PS/2 mode using program control of the control signals. Interrupts The interrupts are enabled by serviceIntr in the ecr register. serviceIntr = 1 Disables the DMA and all of the service interrupts. serviceIntr = 0 Enables the selected interrupt condition. If the interrupting condition is valid, then the interrupt is generated immediately when this bit is changed from a 1 to a 0. This can occur during Programmed I/O if the number of bytes removed or added from/to the FIFO does not cross the threshold. Data Compression The ECP port supports run length encoded (RLE) decompression in hardware and can transfer compressed data to a peripheral. Run length encoded (RLE) compression in hardware is not supported. To transfer compressed data in ECP mode, the compression count is written to the ecpAFifo and the data byte is written to the ecpDFifo. Compression is accomplished by counting identical bytes and transmitting an RLE byte that indicates how many times the next byte is to be repeated. Decompression simply intercepts the RLE byte and repeats the following byte the specified number of times. When a run-length count is received from a peripheral, the The interrupt generated is ISA friendly in that it must pulse the interrupt line low, allowing for 105 interrupt sharing. After a brief pulse low following the interrupt event, the interrupt line is tri-stated so that other interrupts may assert. An interrupt is generated when: 1. For DMA transfers: When serviceIntr is 0, dmaEn is 1 and the DMA TC is received. 2. For Programmed I/O: a. When serviceIntr is 0, dmaEn is 0, direction is 0 and there are writeIntrThreshold or more free bytes in the FIFO. Also, an interrupt is generated when serviceIntr is cleared to 0 whenever there are writeIntrThreshold or more free bytes in the FIFO. b.(1) When serviceIntr is 0, dmaEn is 0, direction is 1 and there are readIntrThreshold or more bytes in the FIFO. Also, an interrupt is generated when serviceIntr is cleared to 0 whenever there are readIntrThreshold or more bytes in the FIFO. 3. When nErrIntrEn is 0 and nFault transitions from high to low or when nErrIntrEn is set from 1 to 0 and nFault is asserted. 4. When ackIntEn is 1 and the nAck signal transitions from a low to a high. FIFO Operation The FIFO threshold is set in the chip configuration registers. All data transfers to or from the parallel port can proceed in DMA or Programmed I/O (non-DMA) mode as indicated by the selected mode. The FIFO is used by selecting the Parallel Port FIFO mode or ECP Parallel Port Mode. (FIFO test mode will be addressed separately.) After a reset, the FIFO is disabled. Each data byte is transferred by a Programmed I/O cycle or PDRQ depending on the selection of DMA or Programmed I/O mode. The following paragraphs detail the operation of the FIFO flow control. In these descriptions, FIFOTHR, which the user programs, is one less and ranges from 0 to 15. A low threshold value (i.e. 2) results in longer periods of time between service requests, but requires faster servicing of the request for both read and write cases. The host must be very responsive to the service request. This is the desired case for use with a "fast" system. A high value of threshold (i.e. 12) is used with a "sluggish" system by affording a long latency period after a service request, but results in more frequent service requests. DMA TRANSFERS DMA transfers are always to or from the ecpDFifo, tFifo or CFifo. DMA utilizes the standard PC DMA services. To use the DMA transfers, the host first sets up the direction and state as in the programmed I/O case. Then it programs the DMA controller in the host with the desired count and memory address. Lastly it sets dmaEn to 1 and serviceIntr to 0. The ECP requests DMA transfers from the host by activating the PDRQ pin. The DMA will empty or fill the FIFO using the appropriate direction and mode. When the terminal count in the DMA controller is reached, an interrupt is generated and serviceIntr is asserted, disabling DMA. In order to prevent possible blocking of refresh requests dReq shall not be asserted for more than 32 DMA cycles in a row. The FIFO is enabled directly by asserting nPDACK and addresses need not be valid. PINTR is generated when a TC is received. PDRQ must not be asserted for more than 32 DMA cycles in a row. After the 32nd cycle, PDRQ must be kept unasserted until nPDACK is deasserted for a minimum of 350nsec. (Note: The only way to properly terminate DMA transfers is with a TC.) DMA may be disabled in the middle of a transfer by first disabling the host DMA controller. Then setting serviceIntr to 1, followed by setting dmaEn to 0, and waiting for the FIFO to become empty or full. Restarting the DMA is accomplished by enabling DMA in the host, setting dmaEn to 1, followed by setting serviceIntr to 0. 106 DMA Mode - Transfers from the FIFO to the Host (Note: In the reverse mode, the peripheral may not continue to fill the FIFO if it runs out of data to transfer, even if the chip continues to request more data from the peripheral.) The ECP activates the PDRQ pin whenever there is data in the FIFO. The DMA controller must respond to the request by reading data from the FIFO. The ECP will deactivate the PDRQ pin when the FIFO becomes empty or when the TC becomes true (qualified by nPDACK), indicating that no more data is required. PDRQ goes inactive after nPDACK goes active for the last byte of a data transfer (or on the active edge of nIOR, on the last byte, if no edge is present on nPDACK). If PDRQ goes inactive due to the FIFO going empty, then PDRQ is active again as soon as there is one byte in the FIFO. If PDRQ goes inactive due to the TC, then PDRQ is active again when there is one byte in the FIFO, and serviceIntr has been re-enabled. (Note: A data underrun may occur if PDRQ is not removed in time to prevent an unwanted cycle). Programmed I/O Mode or Non-DMA Mode The ECP or parallel port FIFOs may also be operated using interrupt driven programmed I/O. Software can determine the writeIntrThreshold, readIntrThreshold, and FIFO depth by accessing the FIFO in Test Mode. Programmed I/O transfers are to the ecpDFifo at 400H and ecpAFifo at 000H or from the ecpDFifo located at 400H, or to/from the tFifo at 400H. To use the programmed I/O transfers, the host first sets up the direction and state, sets dmaEn to 0 and serviceIntr to 0. The ECP requests programmed I/O transfers from the host by activating the PINTR pin. The programmed I/O will empty or fill the FIFO using the appropriate direction and mode. Note: A threshold of 16 is equivalent to a threshold of 15. These two cases are treated the same. Programmed I/O - Transfers from the FIFO to the Host In the reverse direction an interrupt occurs when serviceIntr is 0 and readIntrThreshold bytes are available in the FIFO. If at this time the FIFO is full it can be emptied completely in a single burst, otherwise readIntrThreshold bytes may be read from the FIFO in a single burst. readIntrThreshold =(16- 107 An interrupt is generated when serviceIntr is 0 and the number of bytes in the FIFO is less than or equal to If at this time the FIFO is empty, it can be completely filled in a single burst, otherwise a minimum of (16- PARALLEL PORT FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER The Floppy Disk Control signals are available optionally on the parallel port pins. When this mode is selected, the parallel port is not available. There are two modes of operation, PPFD1 and PPFD2. These modes can be selected in the Parallel Port Mode Register, as defined in the Parallel Port Mode Register, Logical Device 3, at 0xF1. PPFD1 has only drive 1 on the parallel port pins; PPFD2 has drive 0 and 1 on the parallel port pins. When the PPFDC is selected the following pins are set as follows: 1. 2. 3. nPDACK: high-Z PDRQ: not ECP = high-Z, ECP & dmaEn = 0, ECP & not dmaEn = high-Z PINTR: not active, this is hi-Z or Low depending on settings. Note: nPDACK, PDRQ and PINTR refer to the nDACK, DRQ and IRQ chosen for the parallel port. The following parallel port pins are read as follows by a read of the parallel port register: 1. Data Register (read) = last Data Register (write) 1. Control Register read as "cable not connected" STROBE, AUTOFD and SLC = 0 and nINIT =1 Status Register reads: nBUSY = 0, PE = 0, SLCT = 0, nACK = 1, nERR = 1 3. The following FDC pins are all in the high impedence state when the PPFDC is actually selected by the drive select register: 1. nWDATA, DENSEL, nHDSEL, nWGATE, nDIR, nSTEP, nDS1, nDS0, nMTR0, nMTR1. If PPFDx is selected, then the parallel port can not be used as a parallel port until "Normal" mode is selected. 2. The FDC signals are muxed onto the Parallel Port pins as shown in TABLE 47. For ACPI compliance the FDD pins that are multiplexed onto the Parallel Port function independently of the state of the Parallel Port controller. For example, if the FDC is enabled onto the Parallel Port the multiplexed FDD interface functions normally regardless of the Parallel Port Power control, CR22.3. TABLE 46 illustrates this functionality. PARALLEL PORT POWER CR22.3 1 0 X TABLE 46 - PARALLEL PORT FDD CONTROL PARALLEL PORT FDC PARALLEL PORT CONTROL FDC STATE LD3:CRF1.1 0 0 1 X LD3:CRF1.0 0 0 X 1 PARALLEL PORT STATE OFF OFF ON ON OFF OFF (NOTE1) 108 NOTE1: The Parallel Port Control register reads as "Cable Not Connected" when the Parallel Port FDC is enabled; i.e., STROBE = AUTOFD = SLC = 0 and nINIT = 1. TABLE 47 - FDC PARALLEL PORT PINS SPP MODE nSTROBE PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6 PD7 nACK BUSY PE SLCT nALF nERROR nINIT nSLCTIN PIN DIRECTION I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I I I I I/O I I/O I/O FDC MODE (nDS0) nINDEX nTRK0 nWP nRDATA nDSKCHG (nMTR0) nDS1 nMTR1 nWDATA nWGATE DRVDEN0 nHDSEL nDIR nSTEP PIN DIRECTION I/(O) Note1 I I I I I I/(O) Note1 O O O O O O O O Note 1: These pins are outputs in mode PPFD2, inputs in mode PPFD1. Refer to Force Write Protect in the Floppy Disk Controller section for information on the Floppy disk Controller Force Write Protect function. POWER MANAGEMENT Power management capabilities are provided for the following logical devices: floppy disk, UART 1, UART 2 and the parallel port. For each logical device, two types of power management are provided; direct powerdown and auto powerdown. FDC Power Management 2. Direct power management is controlled by CR22. Refer to CR22 for more information. 3. The part must be idle; MSR=80H and INT = 0 (INT may be high even if MSR = 80H due to polling interrupts). The head unload timer must have expired. Auto Power Management is enabled by CR23-B0. When set, this bit allows FDC to enter powerdown when all of the following conditions have been met: 1. The motor enable pins of register 3F2H are inactive (zero). 110 4. The Auto powerdown timer (10msec) must have timed out. Register Behavior TABLE 48 illustrates the AT and PS/2 (including Model 30) configuration registers available and the type of access permitted. In order to maintain software transparency, access to all the registers must be maintained. As TABLE 48 shows, two sets of registers are distinguished based on whether their access results in the part remaining in powerdown state or exiting it. Access to all other registers is possible without awakening the part. These registers can be accessed during powerdown without changing the status of the part. A read from these registers will reflect the true status as shown in the register description in the FDC description. A write to the part will result in the part retaining the data and subsequently reflecting it when the part awakens. Accessing the part during powerdown may cause an increase in the power consumption by the part. The part will revert back to its low power mode when the access has been completed. Pin Behavior This chip is specifically designed for systems in which power conservation is a primary concern. This makes the behavior of the pins during powerdown very important. The pins can be divided into two major categories: system interface and floppy disk drive interface. The floppy disk drive pins are disabled so that no power will be drawn through the part as a result of any voltage applied to the pin within the part's power supply range. Most of the system interface pins are left active to monitor system accesses that may wake up the part. System Interface Pins An internal timer is initiated as soon as the auto powerdown command is enabled. The part is then powered down when all the conditions are met. Disabling the auto powerdown mode cancels the timer and holds the FDC block out of auto powerdown. DSR From Powerdown If DSR powerdown is used when the part is in auto powerdown, the DSR powerdown will override the auto powerdown. However, when the part is awakened from DSR powerdown, the auto powerdown will once again become effective. Wake Up From Auto Powerdown If the part enters the powerdown state through the auto powerdown mode, then the part can be awakened by reset or by appropriate access to certain registers. If a hardware or software reset is used then the part will go through the normal reset sequence. If the access is through the selected registers, then the FDC resumes operation as though it was never in powerdown. Besides activating the RESET pin or one of the software reset bits in the DOR or DSR, the following register accesses will wake up the part: 1. Enabling any one of the motor enable bits in the DOR register (reading the DOR does not awaken the part). A read from the MSR register. A read or write to the Data register. 2. 3. Once awake, the FDC will reinitiate the auto powerdown timer for 10 ms. The part will powerdown again when all the powerdown conditions are satisfied. TABLE 49 gives the state of the system interface pins in the powerdown state. Pins unaffected by the powerdown are labeled "Unchanged". Input pins are "Disabled" to prevent them from causing currents internal to the chip when they have indeterminate input values. 112 TABLE 48 - PC/AT AND PS/2 AVAILABLE REGISTERS AVAILABLE REGISTERS BASE + ADDRESS 00H 01H 02H 03H 04H 06H 07H 07H 04H 05H PC-AT ------DOR (1) --DSR (1) --DIR CCR MSR Data PS/2 (MODEL 30) SRA SRB DOR (1) --DSR (1) --DIR CCR MSR Data ACCESS PERMITTED R R R/W --W --R W R R/W Access to these registers DOES NOT wake up the part Access to these registers wakes up the part Note 1: Writing to the DOR or DSR does not wake up the part, however, writing any of the motor enable bits or doing a software reset (via DOR or DSR reset bits) will wake up the part. TABLE 49 - STATE OF SYSTEM PINS IN AUTO POWERDOWN SYSTEM PINS STATE IN AUTO POWERDOWN INPUT PINS nIOR nIOW SA[0:9] SD[0:7] RESET_DRV DACKx TC IRQx SD[0:7] DRQx Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged OUTPUT PINS Unchanged (low) Unchanged Unchanged (low) 113 FDD Interface Pins All pins in the FDD interface which can be connected directly to the floppy disk drive itself are either DISABLED or TRISTATED. Pins used for local logic control or part programming are unaffected. TABLE 50 depicts the state of the floppy disk drive interface pins in the powerdown state. TABLE 50 - STATE OF FLOPPY DISK DRIVE INTERFACE PINS IN POWERDOWN FDD PINS STATE IN AUTO POWERDOWN INPUT PINS nRDATA nWPROT nTR0 nINDEX nDSKCHG OUTPUT PINS nMTR0 nDS0 nDIR nSTEP nWDATA nWGATE nHDSEL DRVDEN[0:1] Tristated Tristated Active Active Tristated Tristated Active Active Input Input Input Input Input 115 UART Power Management Direct power management is controlled by CR22. Refer to CR22 for more information. Auto Power Management is enabled by CR23-B4 and B5. When set, these bits allow the following auto power management operations: 1. The transmitter enters auto powerdown when the transmit buffer and shift register are empty. The receiver enters powerdown when the following conditions are all met: A. B. Note: Receive FIFO is empty The receiver is waiting for a start bit. While in powerdown the Ring Indicator interrupt is still valid and transitions when the RI input changes. 1. ECP is not enabled in the configuration registers. SPP, PS/2 Parallel port or EPP mode is selected through ecr while in ECP mode. 2 Exit Auto Powerdown The parallel port logic can change powerdown modes when the ECP mode is changed through the ecr register or when the parallel port mode is changed through the configuration registers. VBAT Support This chip requires a (TBD) MicroAmp battery supply (VBAT) to provide battery backed up registers. These registers retain the contents of the general purpose registers and wake-up event registers. The RTC and CMOS registers are also battery backed up. Note: The configuration of the Consumer IR wake-up functionality is not battery backed-up. VTR Support The FDC37B78x requires a 25 mA trickle supply (VTR) to provide sleep current for the programmable wake-up events in the Soft Power Management logic, SCI, PME and SMI interfaces when VCC is removed. If the FDC37B78x is not intended to provide wake-up capabilities on standby current, VTR can be connected to VCC. VTR powers the Consumer IR receiver, IR interface, the CIR run-time registers, the PME configuration registers, and the PME interface. The VTR pin generates a VTR Power-on-Reset signal to initialize certain components. All wakeup event registers and related logic are battery backed-up to retain the configuration of the wakeup events upon a power loss (i.e., VCC = 0 V and VTR = 0 V). These registers are reset on a VBAT POR. 2. Exit Auto Powerdown The transmitter exits powerdown on a write to the XMIT buffer. The receiver exits auto powerdown when RXDx changes state. Parallel Port Direct power management is controlled by CR22. Refer to CR22 for more information. Auto Power Management is enabled by CR23-B3. When set, this bit allows the ECP or EPP logical parallel port blocks to be placed into powerdown when not being used. The EPP logic is in powerdown under any of the following conditions: 1. EPP is not enabled in the configuration registers. 2. EPP is not selected through ecr while in ECP mode. The ECP logic is in powerdown under any of the following conditions: 115 Internal PWRGOOD An internal PWRGOOD logical control is included to minimize the effects of pin-state uncertainty in the host interface as Vcc cycles on and off. When the internal PWRGOOD signal is "1" (active), Vcc is > 4V, and the FDC37B78x host interface is active. When the internal PWRGOOD signal is "0" (inactive), Vcc is 4V, and the FDC37B78x host interface is inactive; that is, ISA bus reads and writes will not be decoded. The FDC37B78x device pins nPME, KCLK, MCLK, IRRX, nRI1, nRI2, RXD1, RXD2, nRING, Button_In and GP53 are part of the PME interface and remain active when the internal PWRGOOD signal has gone inactive, provided VTR is powered. In addition, the nPowerOn and CLK32OUT pins remain active when the internal PWRGOOD is inactive and VTR is powered. When the internal PWRGOOD is inactive, and VTR is powered, the GPIOs (excluding GP53) become tri-state (input) and are able to generate wake-up events. The internal PWRGOOD signal is also used to determine the clock source for the CIrCC CIR and to disable the IR Half Duplex Timeout. Note: If VTR is to be used for programmable wake-up events when VCC is removed, VTR must be at its full minimum potential at least 10 s before Vcc begins a power-on cycle. When VTR and Vcc are fully powered, the potential difference between the two supplies must not exceed 500mV. CIRCC PLL Power Control The FDC37B78x uses the 32.768 kHz RTC clock and a clock multiplier (PLL) to drive the CIrCC Wakeup function when Vcc has been removed. The CIR PLL Power bit, located in the Sleep/Wake Configuration Register, is used to enable (power-up) the 32.768 kHz clock PLL. When the CIR PLL Power bit is set to "1" (active), the 32.768 kHz clock PLL is running and can replace the 14.318 MHz clock source for the CIR Wake Event, depending upon the state of the internal PWRGOOD signal (TABLE 51). When the CIR PLL Power bit is reset to "0" (inactive/default), the 32.768 kHz clock PLL is unpowered. PLL CONTROL BIT (CR24.1) 1 0 0 0 0 TABLE 51 - FDC37B78x PLL CONTROLS AND SELECTS CIR PLL INTERNAL POWER BIT PWRGOOD DESCRIPTION X X All PLLs Powered Down 0 0 0 1 32KHz PLL Unpowered, Not Selected, 14MHz PLL Powered, Selected. 1 0 32KHz PLL Powered, Selected, 14MHz PLL Unpowered, Not Selected. 1 1 32KHz PLL Powered, Not Selected, 14MHz PLL Powered, Selected. 32.768 kHz Standby Clock Output The FDC37B78x provides a 32.768 kHz trickle clock output pin. This output is active as long as VTR is present. SERIAL INTERRUPTS The FDC37B78x will support the serial interrupt to transmit interrupt information to the host system. The serial interrupt scheme adheres to the Serial IRQ Specification for PCI Systems, Version 6.0. 116 Timing Diagrams For IRQSER Cycle PCICLK = 33Mhz_IN pin IRQSER = SIRQ pin A) Start Frame timing with source sampled a low pulse on IRQ1 SL or START FRAME H R T IRQ0 FRAME IRQ1 FRAME IRQ2 FRAME S R T S R T S R T H PCICLK IRQSER Drive Source IRQ1 START1 Host Controller None R=Recovery T=Turn-around IRQ1 None H=Host Control SL=Slave Control S=Sample 1) Start Frame pulse can be 4-8 clocks wide. 118 B) Stop Frame Timing with Host using 17 IRQSER sampling period IRQ14 FRAME SRT PCICLK IRQSER Driver None IRQ15 FRAME SRT IOCHCK# FRAME SRT STOP FRAME NEXT CYCLE T I 2 H R STOP1 IRQ15 None H=Host Control R=Recovery I= Idle. START3 Host Controller T=Turn-around S=Sample 1) 2) 3) Stop pulse is 2 clocks wide for Quiet mode, 3 clocks wide for Continuous mode. There may be none, one or more Idle states during the Stop Frame. The next IRQSER cycle's Start Frame pulse may or may not start immediately after the turn-around clock of the Stop Frame. Any IRQSER Device (i.e., The FDC37B78x) which detects any transition on an IRQ/Data line for which it is responsible must initiate a Start Frame in order to update the Host Controller unless the IRQSER is already in an IRQSER Cycle and the IRQ/Data transition can be delivered in that IRQSER Cycle. 2) Continuous (Idle) Mode: Only the Host controller can initiate a Start Frame to update IRQ/Data line information. All other IRQSER agents become passive and may not initiate a Start Frame. IRQSER will be driven low for four to eight clocks by Host Controller. This mode has two functions. It can be used to stop or idle the IRQSER or the Host Controller can operate IRQSER in a continuous mode by initiating a Start Frame at the end of every Stop Frame. An IRQSER mode transition can only occur during the Stop Frame. Upon reset, IRQSER bus is defaulted to Continuous mode, therefore only the Host controller can initiate the first Start Frame. Slaves must continuously sample the Stop Frames pulse width to determine the next IRQSER Cycle's mode. IRQSER Cycle Control There are two modes of operation for the IRQSER Start Frame. 1) Quiet (Active) Mode: Any device may initiate a Start Frame by driving the IRQSER low for one clock, while the IRQSER is Idle. After driving low for one clock the IRQSER must immediately be tri-stated without at any time driving high. A Start Frame may not be initiated while the IRQSER is Active. The IRQSER is Idle between Stop and Start Frames. The IRQSER is Active between Start and Stop Frames. This mode of operation allows the IRQSER to be Idle when there are no IRQ/Data transitions which should be most of the time. Once a Start Frame has been initiated the Host Controller will take over driving the IRQSER low in the next clock and will continue driving the IRQSER low for a programmable period of three to seven clocks. This makes a total low pulse width of four to eight clocks. Finally, the Host Controller will drive the IRQSER back high for one clock, then tri-state. 119 IRQSER Data Frame Once a Start Frame has been initiated, the FDC37B78x will watch for the rising edge of the Start Pulse and start counting IRQ/Data Frames from there. Each IRQ/Data Frame is three clocks: Sample phase, Recovery phase, and Turn-around phase. During the Sample phase the FDC37B78x must drive the IRQSER (SIRQ pin) low, if and only if, its last detected IRQ/Data value was low. If its detected IRQ/Data value is high, IRQSER must be left tri-stated. During the Recovery phase the FDC37B78x must drive the SERIRQ high, if and only if, it had driven the IRQSER low during the previous Sample Phase. During the Turn-around Phase the FDC37B78x must tri-state the SERIRQ. The FDC37B78x will drive the IRQSER line low at the appropriate sample point if its associated IRQ/Data line is low, regardless of which device initiated the Start Frame. The Sample Phase for each IRQ/Data follows the low to high transition of the Start Frame pulse by a number of clocks equal to the IRQ/Data Frame times three, minus one. (e.g. The IRQ5 Sample clock is the sixth IRQ/Data Frame, (6 x 3) - 1 = 17th clock after the rising edge of the Start Pulse). 119 IRQSER PERIOD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Note: IRQSER Sampling Periods SIGNAL SAMPLED Not Used IRQ1 nSMI/IRQ2 IRQ3 IRQ4 IRQ5 IRQ6 IRQ7 IRQ8 IRQ9 IRQ10 IRQ11 IRQ12 IRQ13 IRQ14 IRQ15 # OF CLOCKS PAST START 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 It is the responsibility of the software to ensure that two IRQ's are not set to the same IRQ number. IRQSER Period 14 is used to transfer IRQ13. Logical devices 0 (FDC), 3 (Par Port), 4 (Ser Port The SIRQ data frame will now support IRQ2 from 1), 5 (Ser Port 2), 6 (RTC), and 7 (KBD) shall a logical device, previously IRQSER Period 3 have IRQ13 as a choice for their primary was reserved for use by the System interrupt. Management Interrupt (nSMI). When using Period 3 for IRQ2 the user should mask off the SMI via the SMI Enable Register. Likewise, Note: When Serial IRQs are used, the RTC when using Period 3 for nSMI the user should IRQ, nSCI and nSMI may be output on one of not configure any logical devices as using IRQ2. their respective pin options. See the IRQ MUX Configuration Register. 120 Stop Cycle Control Once all IRQ/Data Frames have completed the Host Controller will terminate IRQSER activity by initiating a Stop Frame. Only the Host Controller can initiate the Stop Frame. A Stop Frame is indicated when the IRQSER is low for two or three clocks. If the Stop Frame's low time is two clocks then the next IRQSER Cycle's sampled mode is the Quiet mode; and any IRQSER device may initiate a Start Frame in the second clock or more after the rising edge of the Stop Frame's pulse. If the Stop Frame's low time is three clocks then the next IRQSER Cycle's sampled mode is the Continuos mode; and only the Host Controller may initiate a Start Frame in the second clock or more after the rising edge of the Stop Frame's pulse. Latency Latency for IRQ/Data updates over the IRQSER bus in bridge-less systems with the minimum IRQ/Data Frames of seventeen, will range up to 96 clocks (3.84S with a 25MHz PCI Bus or 2.88uS with a 33MHz PCI Bus). If one or more PCI to PCI Bridge is added to a system, the latency for IRQ/Data updates from the secondary or tertiary buses will be a few clocks longer for synchronous buses, and approximately double for asynchronous buses. EOI/ISR Read Latency Any serialized IRQ scheme has a potential implementation issue related to IRQ latency. IRQ latency could cause an EOI or ISR Read to precede an IRQ transition that it should have followed. This could cause a system fault. The host interrupt controller is responsible for ensuring that these latency issues are mitigated. The recommended solution is to delay EOIs and ISR Reads to the interrupt controller by the same amount as the IRQSER Cycle latency in order to ensure that these events do not occur out of order. AC/DC Specification Issue All IRQSER agents must drive / sample IRQSER synchronously related to the rising edge of PCI bus clock. IRQSER (SIRQ) pin uses the electrical specification of PCI bus. Electrical parameters will follow PCI spec. section 4, sustained tri-state. Reset and Initialization The IRQSER bus uses RESET_DRV as its reset signal. The IRQSER pin is tri-stated by all agents while RESET_DRV is active. With reset, IRQSER Slaves are put into the (continuous) IDLE mode. The Host Controller is responsible for starting the initial IRQSER Cycle to collect system's IRQ/Data default values. The system then follows with the Continuous/Quiet mode protocol (Stop Frame pulse width) for subsequent IRQSER Cycles. It is Host Controller's responsibility to provide the default values to 8259's and other system logic before the first IRQSER Cycle is performed. For IRQSER system suspend, insertion, or removal application, the Host controller should be programmed into Continuous (IDLE) mode first. This is to guarantee IRQSER bus is in IDLE state before the system configuration changes. BIOS BUFFER The chip contains one 245 type buffer that can be used for a BIOS Buffer. If the BIOS buffer is not used, then nROMCS must be tied high or pulled up to Vcc with a resistor so as not to interfere with the boot ROM. This function allows data nROMCS L L H nROMOE L H X transmission from the RD bus to the SD bus or from the SD bus to the RD bus. The direction of the transfer is controlled by nROMOE. The enable input, nROMCS, can be used to disable the transfer and isolate the buses. DESCRIPTION RD[0:7] data to SD[0:7] bus SD[0:7] data to RD[0:7] Isolation 121 RD Bus Functionality The following cases described below illustrate the use of the RD Bus. Case 1: nROMCS and nROMOE as original function. The RD bus can be used as the RD bus or one or more RD pins can be programmed as alternate function. These alternate functions behave as follows: if in RD to SD mode, any value on RDx will appear on SDx; if in SD to RD mode, SDx will not appear on RDx, RDx gets the alternate function value. Note: In this case, nROMCS=0, nROMOE=1. Case 2: nROMOE as GPIO function. (nROMOE internally tied to ground). In this case, the RD bus is a unidirectional bus (read only) controlled by nROMCS. If nROMCS = 0, the values on RD0-7 appear on SD0-7. If nROMCS = 1, the RD bus is disabled, and nothing appears on the SD bus. Note: any RD bus pin can be programmed as an alternate function, however, if nROMCS=0, then anything on the RD bus will appear on the SD bus. Case 3: nROMCS as GPIO function. (nROMCS internally tied to VDD.) The RD bus floats - cannot use as a bus. Any pin can be programmed as an alternate function. Case 4: nROMCS and nROMOE as GPIO function. Same as Case 3. Case 5: Parallel IRQ enabled; RD Bus pins, nROMOE, nROMCS are used as IRQ pins. 107 GENERAL PURPOSE I/O The FDC37B78x provides a set of flexible Input/Output control functions to the system designer through the 21 dedicated independently programmable General Purpose I/O pins (GPIO). The GPIO pins can perform simple I/O or can be individually configured to provide predefined alternate functions. VBAT Power-On-Reset configures all GPIO pins as non-inverting inputs. Description Each GPIO port requires a 1-bit data register TABLE 52 - GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PORT ASSIGNMENTS PIN NO. QFP 77 78 79 80 81 82 4 6 39 2 91 92 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 DEFAULT FUNCTION GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO PCI_CLK 5 DRVDEN1 2 nROMCS 2 nROMOE 2,3 RD0 2,3 RD1 2,3 RD2 2,3 RD3 2,3 RD4 2,3 RD5 2,3 RD6 2,3 RD7 ALT. FUNC. 1 nSMI nRING WDT LED IRRX2 IRTX2 nMTR1 nDS1 IRQ14 GPIO IRQ11 IRQ12 IRQ1 IRQ3 IRQ4 IRQ5 IRQ6 IRQ7 IRQ8 IRQ10 ALT. FUNC. 2 1 EETI P17 GPIO IRQ8 GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO ALT. FUNC. 3 1 EETI nSMI 1 EETI 1 EETI nSMI LED nRING WDT P17 DATA REGISTER 4 (HEX) GP1 (CRF6) DATA REGISTER BIT NO. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CONFIG. 4 REGISTER (HEX) CRE0 CRE1 CRE2 CRE3 CRE4 CRE5 CRE6 CRE7 CRC8 CRCA CRCB CRCC CRD0 CRD1 CRD2 CRD3 CRD4 CRD5 CRD6 CRD7 and an 8-bit configuration control register. The data register for each GPIO port is represented as a bit in one of three 8-bit GPIO DATA Registers, GP1, GP5, and GP6. All of the GPIO registers are located in Logical Device Block No. 8 in the FDC37B78x device configuration space. The GPIO DATA Registers are also optionally available at different addresses when the FDC37B78x is in the Run state. The GPIO ports with their alternate functions and configuration state register addresses are listed in. Note: three bits 5-7 of GP5 are not implemented. GP5 (CRF9) GP6 (CRFA) Note 1. Refer to the section on Either Edge Triggered Interrupt Inputs. Note 2. At power-up, RD0-7, nROMCS and nROMOE function as the XD Bus. To use RD0-7 for alternate functions, nROMCS must stay high until those pins are finished being programmed. Note 3. These pins cannot be programmed as open drain pins in their original function. Note 4. The GPIO Data and Configuration Registers are located in Logical Device 8. Note 5: This pin defaults to its GPIO function. See Configuration Registers. when the chip is in the run state if CR03 Bit[7] = 1. RUN STATE GPIO DATA REGISTER ACCESS The host uses an Index and Data port to access these registers. The Index and Data port powerThe GPIO data registers as well as the Watchdog on default addresses are 0xEA and 0xEB Timer Control, and the Soft Power Enable and respectively. In the configuration state the Index Status registers can be accessed by the host 123 port address may be re-programmed to 0xE0, 0xE2, 0xE4 or 0xEA; the Data port address is automatically set to the Index port address + 1. Upon exiting the configuration state the new Index and Data port addresses are used to access the GPIO data, Soft Power Status and Enable, and the Watchdog Timer Control registers. For example, to access the GP1 data register when in the run state, the host should perform an I/O Write of 0x01 to the Index port address (0xEX) to select GP1 and then read or write the Data port (at Index+1) to access the GP1 register. Generally, to access any GPIO data register GPx the host should perform an I/O Write of 0x0X to the Index port address and then access GPX through the Data port. The Soft Power and Watchdog Timer Control registers are accessed similarly. PORT NAME Index Data TABLE 53 - INDEX AND DATA PORTS PORT ADDRESS RUN STATE ACCESS 0xE0, E2, E4, EA 0x01-0x0F Index address + 1 Access to GP1, Watchdog Timer Control, GP5, GP6, and the Soft Power Status and Enable registers (see TABLE 54). TABLE 54 - RUN STATE ACCESSABLE CONFIGURATION REGISTERS RUN STATE REGISTER 1 ADDRESS (INDEX) REGISTER (CONFIGURATION STATE ADDRESSING ) 0x01 GP1 (L8 - CRF6) 0x03 0x05 0x06 0x08 0x09 0x0A 0x0B Note 1: Watchdog Timer Control (L8 - CRF4) GP5 (L8 - CRF9) GP6 (L8 - CRFA) Soft Power Enable Register 1 (L8-CRB0) Soft Power Enable Register 2 (L8-CRB1) Soft Power Status Register 1 (L8-CRB2) Soft Power Status Register 2 (L8-CRB3) These registers can also be accessed through the configuration registers L8 - CRxx, as shown, when the FDC37B78x is in the configuration state. 125 GPIO CONFIGURATION Each GPIO port has an 8-bit configuration register that controls the behavior of the pin. The GPIO configuration registers are only accessible when the FDC37B78x is in the Configuration state; more information can be found in the Configuration section of this specification. Each GPIO port may be configured as either an input or an output. If the pin is configured as an output, it can be programmed as open-drain or push-pull. Inputs and outputs can be configured as non-inverting or inverting and can be programmed to generate an interrupt. GPIO ports can also be configured as a pre-defined alternate function. Bit[0] of each GPIO Configuration Register determines the port direction, bit[1] determines the signal polarity, bits[4:3] select the port function, bit[5] enables the interrupt, and bit[7] determines the output driver type select. The GPIO configuration register Output Type select bit[7] applies to GPIO functions, the Watchdog Timer WDT, the LED and the nSMI Alternate functions. The basic GPIO configuration options are summarized in TABLE 55. For Alternate functions, the pin direction is set and controlled internally, regardless of the state of the GPIO Direction bit[0]. Also, selected Alternate INPUT functions cannot be inverted, regardless of The state of the GPIO polarity bit[1], except for the EETI function. The interrupt channel for the group Interrupts is selected by the GP_INT[2:1] configuration registers defined in the FDC37B78x Configuration Register Section. The group interrupts are the "ORed" function of the group interrupt enabled GPIO ports and will represent a standard ISA interrupt (edge high). GPIO Group 1 and 2 Interrupts can generate SMI events, wake-up events through the Soft Power Management logic, and SCI/PME events. See the ACPI, PME and SMI section for details. When the group interrupt is enabled on a GPIO input port, the interrupt circuitry contains a selectable digital debounce filter so that switches or push-buttons may be directly connected to the chip. The debounce filters reject signals with pulse widths 1ms and are enabled per interrupt group in the GP_INT[2:1] configuration registers. The state of unconnected GPIO alternate input functions is inactive. For example, if bits[4:3] in LD8 -CRCB are not "00", i.e. nROMCS is not the selected function for GP53, internally the state of nROMCS is inactive, "1". 126 TABLE 55 - GPIO CONFIGURATION SUMMARY GROUP INT. SELECTED DIRECTION POLARITY ENABLE FUNCTION BIT BIT BIT DESCRIPTION B0 B1 B5 GPIO 0 0 0 Pin is a non-inverted output with the Interrupt disabled. 0 0 1 Pin is a non-inverted output with the Interrupt enabled. 0 1 0 Pin is an inverted output with the Interrupt disabled. 0 1 1 Pin is a inverted output with the Interrupt enabled. 1 0 0 Pin is a non-inverted input with the Interrupt disabled. 1 0 1 Pin is a non-inverted input with the Interrupt enabled. 1 1 0 Pin is an inverted input with the Interrupt disabled. 1 1 1 Pin is a inverted input with the Interrupt enabled. ALT. X1 0 0 Non-inverted alternate function with Interrupt disabled. 0 1 Non-inverted alternate function with Interrupt enabled. 12 0 Alternate OUTPUT functions are inverted, Alternate INPUT functions are non-inverted; Interrupts are disabled. 1 Alternate OUTPUT functions are inverted, Alternate INPUT functions are non-inverted; Interrupts are enabled. Note 1. For alternate function selects, the pin direction is set and controlled internally; i.e., regardless of the state of the GPIO configuration register Direction bit. Note 2. For alternate function selects, INPUT functions cannot be inverted, regardless of the state of the GPIO polarity bit, except for the EETI function. 126 GPIO OPERATION The operation of the GPIO ports is illustrated in FIGURE 3. Note: FIGURE 3 is for illustration purposes only and is not intended to suggest specific implementation details. GPIO Configuration Register bit-1 (Polarity) GPIO Configuration Register bit-0 (Input/Output) SD-bit GPx_nIOW D-TYPE D Q 0 Transparent Q GPx_nIOR D 1 1 0 GPIO PIN GPIO Data Register Bit-n GPIO Configuration Register bit-2 or 5 (GROUP INT. ENABLE) GP Group Interrupts (1 or 2) FIGURE 3 - GPIO FUNCTION ILLUSTRATION 127 When a GPIO port is programmed as an input, reading it through the GPIO data register latches either the inverted or non-inverted logic value present at the GPIO pin. Writing to a GPIO port that is programmed as an input has no effect. When a GPIO port is programmed as an output, the logic value or the inverted logic value that has been written into the GPIO data register is output to the GPIO pin. Reading from a GPIO port that is programmed as an output returns the last value written to the data register. TABLE 56 - GPIO READ/WRITE BEHAVIOR HOST OPERATION READ WRITE GPIO INPUT PORT GPIO OUTPUT PORT LATCHED VALUE OF GPIO PIN LAST WRITE TO GPIO DATA REGISTER NO EFFECT BIT PLACED IN GPIO DATA REGISTER 128 8042 KEYBOARD CONTROLLER DESCRIPTION A Universal Keyboard Controller designed for intelligent keyboard management in desktop computer applications is implemented. The Universal Keyboard Controller uses an 8042 microcontroller CPU core. This section concentrates on the enhancements to the 8042. For general information about the 8042, refer to the "Hardware Description of the 8042" in the 8-Bit Embedded Controller Handbook. 8042A P27 P10 P26 TST0 P23 TST1 P22 P11 LS05 KDAT KCLK MCLK MDAT Keyboard and Mouse Interface KIRQ is the Keyboard IRQ MIRQ is the Mouse IRQ Port 21 is used to create a GATEA20 signal from the FDC37B78x. 130 KEYBOARD ISA INTERFACE The FDC37B78x ISA interface is functionally compatible with the 8042-style host interface. It consists of the D0-7 data bus; the nIOR, nIOW and the Status register, Input Data register, and Output Data register. TABLE 57 shows how the interface decodes the control signals. In addition to the above signals, the host interface includes keyboard and mouse IRQs. TABLE 57 - ISA I/O ADDRESS MAP nIOW nIOR BLOCK FUNCTION (NOTE 1) 0 1 KDATA Keyboard Data Write (C/D=0) 1 0 KDATA Keyboard Data Read 0x64 0 1 KDCTL Keyboard Command Write (C/D=1) 1 0 KDCTL Keyboard Status Read Note 1:These registers consist of three separate 8 bit registers. Status, Data/Command Write and Data Read. ISA ADDRESS 0x60 Keyboard Data Write This is an 8 bit write only register. When written, the C/D status bit of the status register is cleared to zero and the IBF bit is set. Keyboard Data Read This is an 8 bit read only register. If enabled by "ENABLE FLAGS", when read, the KIRQ output is cleared and the OBF flag in the status register is cleared. If not enabled, the KIRQ and/or AUXOBF1 must be cleared in software. Keyboard Command Write This is an 8 bit write only register. When written, the C/D status bit of the status register is set to one and the IBF bit is set. Keyboard Status Read This is an 8 bit read only register. Refer to the description of the Status Register for more information. CPU-to-Host Communication The FDC37B78x CPU can write to the Output Data register via register DBB. A write to this register automatically sets Bit 0 (OBF) in the Status register. See Table 58. Table 58 - Host Interface Flags FLAG Set OBF, and, if enabled, the KIRQ output signal goes high 8042 INSTRUCTION OUT DBB 130 Host-to-CPU Communication The host system can send both commands and data to the Input Data register. The CPU differentiates between commands and data by reading the value of Bit 3 of the Status register. When bit 3 is "1", the CPU interprets the register contents as a command. When bit 3 is "0", the CPU interprets the register contents as data. During a host write operation, bit 3 is set to "1" if SA2 = 1 or reset to "0" if SA2 = 0. KIRQ If "EN FLAGS" has been executed and P24 is set to a one: the OBF flag is gated onto KIRQ. The KIRQ signal can be connected to system interrupt to signify that the FDC37B78x CPU has written to the output data register via "OUT DBB,A". If P24 is set to a zero, KIRQ is forced low. On power-up, after a valid RST pulse has been delivered to the device, KIRQ is reset to 0. KIRQ will normally reflects the status of writes "DBB". (KIRQ is normally selected as IRQ1 for keyboard support.) If "EN FLAGS" has not been executed: KIRQ can be controlled by writing to P24. Writing a zero to P24 forces KIRQ low; a high forces KIRQ high. MIRQ If "EN FLAGS" has been executed and P25 is set to a one:; IBF is inverted and gated onto MIRQ. The MIRQ signal can be connected to system interrupt to signify that the FDC37B78x CPU has read the DBB register. If "EN FLAGS" has not been executed, MIRQ is controlled by P25, Writing a zero to P25 forces MIRQ low, a high forces MIRQ high. (MIRQ is normally selected as IRQ12 for mouse support). Gate A20 A general purpose P21 is used as a software controlled Gate A20 or user defined output. EXTERNAL INTERFACE KEYBOARD AND MOUSE PS/2 mouse products that employ the same type of interface. To facilitate system expansion, the FDC37B78x provides four signal pins that may be used to implement this interface directly for an external keyboard and mouse. The FDC37B78x has four high-drive, open-drain output, bidirectional port pins that can be used for external serial interfaces, such as ISA external keyboard and PS/2-type mouse interfaces. They are KCLK, KDAT, MCLK, and MDAT. P26 is inverted and output as KCLK. The KCLK pin is connected to TEST0. P27 is inverted and output as KDAT. The KDAT pin is connected to P10. P23 is inverted and output as MCLK. The MCLK pin is connected to TEST1. P22 is inverted and output as MDAT. The MDAT pin is connected to P11. NOTE: External pull-ups may be required. KEYBOARD POWER MANAGEMENT The keyboard provides support for two powersaving modes: soft powerdown mode and hard powerdown mode. In soft powerdown mode, the clock to the ALU is stopped but the timer/counter and interrupts are still active. In hard power down mode the clock to the 8042 is stopped. Soft Power Down Mode This mode is entered by executing a HALT instruction. The execution of program code is halted until either RESET is driven active or a data byte is written to the DBBIN register by a master CPU. If this mode is exited using the interrupt, and the IBF interrupt is enabled, then program execution resumes with a CALL to the interrupt routine, otherwise the next instruction is executed. If it is exited using RESET then a normal reset sequence is initiated and program execution starts from program memory location 0. Hard Power Down Mode Hard Power Down Mode is entered by executing a STOP instruction. Disabling the oscillator driver cell stops the oscillator. When either RESET is driven active or a data byte is written to the DBBIN register by a master CPU, this mode will be exited Industry-standard PC-AT-compatible keyboards employ a two-wire, bidirectional TTL interface for data transmission. Several sources also supply 131 (as above). However, as the oscillator cell will require an initialization time, either RESET must be held active for sufficient time to allow the oscillator to stabilize. Program execution will resume as above. INTERRUPTS The FDC37B78x provides the two 8042 interrupts, the IBF and the Timer/Counter Overflow. MEMORY CONFIGURATIONS The FDC37B78x provides 2K of on-chip ROM and 256 bytes of on-chip RAM. Register Definitions Host I/F Data Register The Input Data and Output Data registers are each 8 bits wide. A write to this 8 bit register will load the Keyboard Data Read Buffer, set the OBF flag and set the KIRQ output if enabled. A read of this register will read the data from the Keyboard Data or Command Write Buffer and clear the IBF flag. Refer to the KIRQ and Status register descriptions for more information. Host I/F Status Register The Status register is 8 bits wide. TABLE 59 shows the contents of the Status register. D7 UD D6 UD D5 UD TABLE 59 - STATUS REGISTER D4 D3 D2 UD C/D UD D1 IBF D0 OBF 132 Status Register This register is cleared on a reset. This register is read-only for the Host and read/write by the FDC37B78x CPU. UDWritable by FDC37B78x CPU. These bits are user-definable. C/D(Command Data)-This bit specifies whether the input data register contains data or a command (0 = data, 1 = command). During a host data/command write operation, this bit is set to "1" if SA2 = 1 or reset to "0" if SA2 = 0. IBF(Input Buffer Full)- This flag is set to 1 whenever the host system writes data into the input data register. Setting this flag activates the FDC37B78x CPU's nIBF (MIRQ) interrupt if enabled. When the FDC37B78x CPU reads the input data register (DBB), this bit is automatically reset and the interrupt is cleared. There is no output pin associated with this internal signal. OBF(Output Buffer Full) - This flag is set to whenever the FDC37B78x CPU write to the output data register (DBB). When the host system reads the output data register, this bit is automatically reset. EXTERNAL CLOCK SIGNAL The FDC37B78x Keyboard Controller clock source is a 12 MHz clock generated from a 14.318 MHz clock. The reset pulse must last for at least 24 16 MHz clock periods. The pulse-width requirement applies to both internally (Vcc POR) and externally generated reset signals. In powerdown mode, the external clock signal is not loaded by the chip. DEFAULT RESET CONDITIONS The FDC37B78x has one source of reset: an external reset via the RESET_DRV pin. Refer to TABLE 60 for the effect of each type of reset on the internal registers. TABLE 60 - RESETS DESCRIPTION HARDWARE RESET (RESET) KCLK Input KDAT Input MCLK Input MDAT Input Host I/F Data Reg N/A Host I/F Status Reg 00H N/A: Not Applicable 133 GATEA20 AND KEYBOARD RESET The FDC37B78x provides two options for GateA20 and Keyboard Reset: 8042 Software Generated GateA20 and KRESET and Port 92 Fast GateA20 and KRESET. PORT 92 FAST GATEA20 AND KEYBOARD RESET Port 92 Register This port can only be read or written if Port 92 has been enabled via bit 2 of the KRST_GA20 Register (Logical Device 7, 0xF0) set to 1. This register is used to support the alternate reset (nALT_RST) and alternate A20 (ALT_A20) functions. Name Location Default Value Attribute Size Port 92 92h 24h Read/Write 8 bits Bit 7:6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Port 92 Register Function Reserved. Returns 00 when read Reserved. Returns a 1 when read Reserved. Returns a 0 when read Reserved. Returns a 0 when read Reserved. Returns a 1 when read ALT_A20 Signal control. Writing a 0 to this bit causes the ALT_A20 signal to be driven low. Writing a 1 to this bit causes the ALT_A20 signal to be driven high. Alternate System Reset. This read/write bit provides an alternate system reset function. This function provides an alternate means to reset the system CPU to effect a mode switch from Protected Virtual Address Mode to the Real Address Mode. This provides a faster means of reset than is provided by the Keyboard controller. This bit is set to a 0 by a system reset. Writing a 1 to this bit will cause the nALT_RST signal to pulse active (low) for a minimum of 1 s after a delay of 500 ns. Before another nALT_RST pulse can be generated, this bit must be written back to a 0. 134 nGATEA20 8042 P21 0 0 1 1 ALT_A20 0 1 0 1 System nA20M 0 1 1 1 Bit 0 of Port 92, which generates the nALT_RST signal, is used to reset the CPU under program control. This signal is AND'ed together externally with the reset signal (nKBDRST) from the keyboard controller to provide a software means of resetting the CPU. This provides a faster means of reset than is provided by the keyboard controller. Writing a 1 to bit 0 in the Port 92 Register causes this signal to pulse low for a minimum of 6s, after a delay of a minimum of 14s. Before another nALT_RST pulse can be generated, bit 0 must be set to 0 either by a system reset of a write to Port 92. Upon reset, this signal is driven inactive high (bit 0 in the Port 92 Register is set to 0). If Port 92 is enabled, i.e., bit 2 of KRST_GA20 is set to 1, then a pulse is generated by writing a 1 to bit 0 of the Port 92 Register and this pulse is AND'ed with the pulse generated from the 8042. This pulse is output on pin KRESET and its polarity is controlled by the GPI/O polarity configuration. 135 14us ~ ~ 6us 8042 P20 KRST KBDRST P92 KRST_GA20 Bit 2 nALT_RST Bit 0 Pulse Gen 14us Note: When Port 92 is disabled, writes are ignored and reads return undefined values. KRESET Generation Bit 1 of Port 92, the ALT_A20 signal, is used to force nA20M to the CPU low for support of real mode compatible software. This signal is externally OR'ed with the A20GATE signal from the keyboard controller and CPURST to control the nA20M input of the CPU. Writing a 0 to bit 1 of the Port 92 Register forces ALT_A20 low. ALT_A20 low drives nA20M to the CPU low, if A20GATE from the keyboard controller is also low. Writing a 1 to bit 1 of the Port 92 Register forces ALT_A20 high. ALT_A20 high drives nA20M to the CPU high, regardless of the state of A20GATE from the keyboard controller. Upon reset, this signal is driven low. 8042 P17 Functions 8042 function P17 is implemented as in a true 8042 part. Reference the 8042 spec for all timing. A port signal of 0 drives the output to 0. A port signal of 1 causes the port enable signal to drive the output to 1 within 20-30nsec. After several (# TBD) clocks, the port enable goes away and the internal 90A pull-up maintains the output signal as 1. In 8042 mode, the pins can be programmed as open drain. When programmed in open drain mode, the port enables do not come into play. If the port signal is 0 the output will be 0. If the port signal is 1, the output tristates: an external pull-up can pull the pin high, and the pin can be shared i.e., P17 and nSMI can be externally tied together. In 8042 mode, the pins cannot be programmed as input nor inverted through the GP configuration registers. ~ ~ 6us 136 0ns 250ns 500ns CLK AEN nAEN 64=I/O Addr n64 nIOW nA DD1 nDD1 nCNTL nIOW' nIOW+n64 AfterD1 nAfterD1 60=I/O Addr n60 nIOW+n60=B nAfterD1+B D[1] GA20 Gate A20 Turn-On Sequence Timing When writing to the command and data port with hardware speedup, the IOW timing shown in the figure titled "IOW Timing for Port 92" in the Timing Diagrams Section is used. This setup time is only required to be met when using hardware speedup; the data must be valid a minimum of 0 nsec from the leading edge of the write and held throughout the entire write cycle. 112 RTC INTERFACE The ISA interface is functionally compatible with the 8042-style host interface. It consists of the D07 data bus, the nIOR, nIOW and the Status register, Input Data register, and Output Data register. Table 61 shows how the interface decodes the control signals. In addition to the above signals, the host interface includes keyboard and mouse IRQs. Table 61 - ISA I/O Address Map Addresses 0x60, 0x64, 0x70 and 0x71 are qualified by AEN ISA ADDRESS* BLOCK FUNCTION 0x70 (R/W) RTC Address Register 0x71 (R/W) RTC Data Register Base* RTC Bank 1 Address Register Base* + 1 RTC Bank 1 Data Register *Bank 0 is at 70h. Bank 1 is relocatable via the RTC Mode Register and the Secondary Base Address for RTC Bank 1 (CR62 and CR63). See Configuration section. RTC Address Register Writing to this register sets the CMOS address that will be read or written. RTC Data Register A read of this register will read the contents of the selected CMOS register. A write to this register will write to the selected CMOS register. REAL TIME CLOCK The Real Time Clock is a complete time of day clock with a day of month alarm, calendar (up to the year 9999), a programmable periodic interrupt, and a programmable square wave generator. Features Counts seconds, minutes, and hours of the day. Counts days of the week, date, month, year and century. Day of Month Wake-Up Alarm Binary or BCD representation of time, calendar and alarms. Three interrupts - each is separately software maskable. (No daylight savings time) 256 Bytes of CMOS RAM. Port Definition and Description OSCILLATOR Crystal Oscillator input. A 32.768 kHz crystal connected externally on the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins generates the 32.768 kHz RTC input clock. Maximum clock frequency is 32.768 KHz. RTC Reset The clock, calendar, or RAM functions are not affected by the system reset (RESET_DRV active). When the RESET_DRV pin is active (i.e., system reset) and the battery voltage is above 1 volt nominal, the following occurs: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Periodic Interrupt Enable (PIE) is cleared to 0. Alarm Interrupt Enable (AIE) bit is cleared to 0. Update Ended Interrupt Enable (UIE) bit is cleared to 0. Update Ended Interrupt Flag (UF) bit is cleared to 0. Interrupt Request Status Flag (IRQF) bit is cleared to 0. Periodic Interrupt Flag (PIF) is cleared to 0. The RTC and CMOS registers are not accessible. Alarm Interrupt Flag (AF) is cleared to 0. nIRQ pin is in high impedance state. When RESET_DRV is active and the battery voltage is below 1-volt nominal, the following occurs: 138 1. 2. Registers 00-0D are initialized to 00h. Access to all registers from the host are blocked. RTC Interrupt The interrupt generated by the RTC is an active high output. The RTC interrupt output remains high as long as the status bit causing the interrupt is present and the corresponding interrupt-enable bit is set. Activating RESET_DRV or reading register C clears the RTC interrupt. The RTC Interrupt is brought out by programming the RTC Primary Interrupt Select to a non-zero value. If IRQ 8 is selected then the polarity of this IRQ 8 output is programmable through a bit in the OSC Global Configuration Register. Internal Registers Table 62 shows the address map for bank 0 of the RTC; time, calendar, alarm, control, status bytes and 114 bytes of "CMOS" registers. ADDRESS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D 0E-7Ch 7Dh 7Eh 7Fh Table 62 - Real Time Clock Address Map, Bank 0 REGISTER TYPE REGISTER FUNCTION R/W Register 0: Seconds R/W Register 1: Seconds Alarm R/W Register 2: Minutes R/W Register 3: Minutes Alarm R/W Register 4: Hours R/W Register 5: Hours Alarm R/W Register 6: Day of Week R/W Register 7: Date of Month R/W Register 8: Month R/W Register 9: Year R/W Register A: R/W Register B: (Bit 0 is Read Only) R Register C: R/W Register D:VRT and Day of Month Alarm R/W Register E-7C: General Purpose R/W Register 7D: Century Byte R/W Register 7E: Control Register 1 R/W Register 7F:General Purpose All 14 bytes are directly writable and readable by the host with the following exceptions: a. b. c. Register C is read only Bit 7 of Register A and Bit 7 of Register D are read only Bit 0 of Register B is read only 139 Table 63 shows Bank 1, the second bank of CMOS registers which contains an additional 128 bytes of general purpose CMOS registers. All 128 bytes are directly writeable and readable by the host. ADDRESS 0-7F Table 63 - Real Time Clock Address Map, Bank 1 REGISTER TYPE REGISTER FUNCTION R/W Register 0-7F: General Purpose Note: CMOS Bank 1 is relocatable via the RTC Mode Register and the Secondary Base Address (CR62 and CR63). See Configuration Section. Time, Calendar and Alarm The processor program obtains time and calendar information by reading the appropriate locations. The program may initialize the time, calendar and alarm by writing to these locations. The contents of the time, calendar, century and alarm bytes can be in binary or BCD as shown in Table 64. Before initializing the internal registers, the SET bit in Register B should be set to a "1" to prevent time/calendar updates from occurring. The program initializes the ten locations in the binary or BCD format as defined by the DM bit in Register B. The SET bit may now be cleared to allow updates. The 12/24 bit in Register B establishes whether the hour locations represent 1 to 12 or 0 to 23. The 12/24 bit cannot be changed without reinitializing the hour locations. When the 12 hour format is selected, the high order bit of the hours byte represents PM when it is a "1". Once per second, the time, calendar and alarm bytes, as well as the century byte switched to the update logic to be advanced by one second and to check for an alarm condition. If any of these bytes are read at this time, the data outputs are undefined. The update cycle time is shown in Table 65. The update logic contains circuitry for automatic end-of-month recognition as well as automatic leap year compensation. An alarm can be generated for day of month, day, hour, minute, or seconds. The alarm may be used in two ways. First, when the program inserts an alarm time in the appropriate date, hours, minutes and seconds alarm locations, the alarm interrupt is initiated at the specified time each day if the alarm enable bit is high. The second usage is to insert a "don't care" state in one or more of three alarm bytes. The "don't care" code is any hexadecimal byte from C0 to FF inclusive. That is the two most significant bits of each byte, when set to "1", create a "don't care" situation. An alarm interrupt each hour is created with a "don't care" code in the hours and date alarm location. Similarly, an alarm is generated every minute with "don't care" codes in the hours, date and minutes alarm bytes. The "don't care" codes in all three alarm bytes create an interrupt every second. 140 ADD 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h Dh 7Dh 7Eh Table 64 - Time, Calendar and Alarm Bytes REGISTER FUNCTION BCD RANGE Register 0: Seconds 00-59 Register 1: Seconds Alarm 00-59 Register 2: Minutes 00-59 Register 3: Minutes Alarm 00-59 Register 4: Hours 01-12 am (12 hour mode) 81-92 pm (24 hour mode) 00-23 Register 5: Hours Alarm 01-12 am (12 hour mode) 81-92 pm (24 hour mode) 00-23 Register 6: Day of Week 01-07 Register 7: Day of Month 01-31 Register 8: Month 01-12 Register 9: Year 00-99 Date of Month Alarm 1-31 Century Byte 00-99 Control Register 1 Update Cycle BINARY RANGE 00-3B 00-3B 00-3B 00-3B 01-0C 81-8C 00-17 01-0C 81-8C 00-17 01-07 01-1F 01-0C 00-63 01-1F 00-63 Wake-up Alarm Function The Alarm can be used as a wake-up alarm to turn on power to the system when the system is powered off. There are two bits used to control alarm. The Alarm wake-up function is enabled via the Alarm Enable bit, AIE. The Alarm Remember Enable bit, AL_REM_EN, in the RTC Control Register 1, is used to power-up the system upon return of power if the Alarm time has passed during loss of power. These bits function as follows: If VTR is present: AIE controls whether or not the alarm is enabled as a wake-up function. If AIE is set and VTR=5V, the nPowerOn pin will go active (low) when the date/time is equal to the alarm date/time and the power supply will turn on the machine. If VTR is not present: AL_REM_EN controls whether or not the alarm will power-up the system upon the return of VTR, regardless of the value of AIE. If AL_REM_EN is set and VTR=0 at the date/time that alarm 2 is set for, the nPowerOn pin will go active (low) as soon as VTR comes back and the machine will power-up. An update cycle is executed once per second if the SET bit in Register B is clear and the DV0-DV2 divider is not clear. The SET bit in the "1" state permits the program to initialize the time and calendar bytes by stopping an existing update and preventing a new one from occurring. The primary function of the update cycle is to increment the seconds' byte, check for overflow, and increment the minute's byte when appropriate and so forth through to the year of the century byte. The update cycle also compares each alarm byte with the corresponding time byte and issues an alarm if a match or if a "don't care" code is present. The length of an update cycle is shown in Table 65. During the update cycle, the time, calendar and alarm bytes are not accessible by the processor program. If the processor reads these locations before the update cycle is complete, the output will be undefined. The UIP (update in progress) status bit is set during the interval. When the UIP bit goes high, the update cycle will begin 244 s later. Therefore, if a low is read on the UIP bit, the user has at least 244 s before time/calendar data will be changed. 141 Table 65 - Update Cycle Time INPUT CLOCK FREQUENCY 32.768 kHz 32.768 kHz UIP BIT 1 0 UPDATE CYCLE TIME 1948 s MINIMUM TIME UPDATE CYCLE 244 s CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTERS, BANK 0 Bank 0 of the RTC has five registers that are accessible to the processor program at all times REGISTER A (AH) MSB b7 UIP when Bank 0 is enabled, even during the update cycle. Note Register D, Bits[6:0] are not accessible during an update cycle. b6 DV2 b5 DV1 b4 DV0 b3 RS3 b2 RS2 b1 RS1 LSB b0 RS0 UIP The update in progress bit is a status flag that may be monitored by the program. When UIP is a "1" the update cycle is in progress or will soon begin. When UIP is a "0" the update cycle is not in progress and will not be for at least 244 s. The time, calendar, and alarm information is fully available to the program when the UIP bit is zero. The UIP bit is a read- only bit and is not affected by RESET_DRV. Writing the SET bit in Register B to a "1" inhibits any update cycle and then clears the UIP status bit. The UIP bit is only valid when the RTC is enabled. Refer to Table 66. DV2-0 Three bits are used to permit the program to select various conditions of the 22-stage divider chain. Table 66 shows the allowable combinations. The divider selection bits are also used to reset the divider chain. When the time/calendar is first initialized, the program may start the divider chain at the precise time stored in the registers. When the divider reset is removed the first update begins one-half second later. These three read/write bits are not affected by RESET_DRV. RS3-0 The four rate selection bits select one of 15 taps on the divider chain or disable the divider output. The selected tap determines rate or frequency of the periodic interrupt. The program may enable or disable the interrupt with the PIE bit in Register B. Table 67 lists the periodic interrupt rates and equivalent output frequencies that may be chosen with the RS0-RS3 bits. These four bits are read/write bits, which are not affected by RESET_DRV. 111 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY 32.768 KHz 32.768 KHz 32.768 KHz 32.768 KHz 32.768 KHz Table 66 - Divider Selection Bits REGISTER A BITS DV2 DV1 DV0 MODE Reset Divider 0 0 0 Reset Divider 1 0 0 Normal Operate 0 1 0 Test 1 1 0 Test X 0 1 Reset Divider X 1 1 RATE SELECT RS3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 RS2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 RS1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Table 67 - Periodic Interrupt Rates 32.768 KHz TIME BASE PERIOD RATE OF FREQUENCY OF RS0 INTERRUPT INTERRUPT 0 0.0 1 3.90625 ms 256 Hz 0 7.8125 ms 128 Hz 1 8.192 KHz 122.070 s 0 4.096 KHz 244.141 s 1 2.048 KHz 488.281 s 0 1.024 KHz 976.562 s 1 1.953125 ms 512 Hz 0 3.90625 ms 256 Hz 1 7.8125 ms 128 Hz 0 15.625 ms 64 Hz 1 31.25 ms 32 Hz 0 62.5 ms 16 Hz 1 125 ms 8 Hz 0 250 ms 4 Hz 1 500 ms 2 Hz REGISTER B (BH) MSB b7 b6 SET PIE SET b5 AIE b4 UIE b3 RES b2 DM2 b1 24/12 LSB b0 DSE When the SET bit is a "0", the update functions normally by advancing the counts once per second. When the SET bit is a "1", an update PIE The periodic interrupt enable bit is a read/write bit which allows the periodic-interrupt flag (PF) bit in Register C to cause the IRQB port to be driven cycle in progress is aborted and the program may initialize the time and calendar bytes without an update occurring in the middle of initialization. SET is a read/write bit which is not modified by RESET_DRV or any internal functions. low. The program writes a "1" to the PIE bit in order to receive periodic interrupts at the rate specified by the RS3-RS0 bits in Register A. A zero in PIE blocks IRQB from being initiated by a 143 periodic interrupt, but the periodic flag (PF) is still set at the periodic rate. PIE is not modified by any internal function, but is cleared to "0" by a RESET_DRV. AIE The alarm interrupt enable bit is a read/write bit, which when set to a "1" permits the alarm flag (AF) bit in Register C to assert IRQB. An alarm interrupt occurs for each second that the three time Bytes equal the three alarm bytes (including a "don't care" alarm code of binary 11XXXXXX). When the AIE bit is a "0", the AF bit does not initiate an IRQB signal. The RESET_DRV port clears AIE to "0". The AIE bit is not affected by any internal functions. UIE The update-ended interrupt enable bit is a read/write bit which enables the update-end flag (UF) bit in Register C to assert IRQB. The RESET_DRV port or the SET bit going high clears the UIE bit. RES Reserved - read as "0". DM The data mode bit indicates whether time and calendar updates are to use binary or BCD formats. The DM bit is written by the processor program and may be read by the program, but is not modified by any internal functions or by RESET_DRV. A "1" in DM signifies binary data, while a "0" in DM specifies BCD data. 24/12 The 24/12 control bit establishes the format of the hours byte as either the 24 hour mode if set to a "1", or the 12 hour mode if cleared to a "0". This is a read/write bit which is not affected by RESET_DRV or any internal function. DSE The daylight savings enable bit is read only and is always set to a "0" to indicate that the daylight savings time option is not available. REGISTER C (CH) - READ ONLY REGISTER MSB b7 IRQF LSB b0 0 b6 PF b5 AF b4 UF b3 0 b2 0 b1 0 IRQF The interrupt request flag is set to a "1" when one or more of the following are true: PF = PIE = 1 AF = AIE = 1 UF = UIE = 1 Any time the IRQF bit is a "1", the IRQB signal is driven low. All flag bits are cleared after Register C is read or by the RESET_DRV port. PF The periodic interrupt flag is a read-only bit which is set to a "1" when a particular edge is detected on the selected tap of the divider chain. The RS3-RS0 bits establish the periodic rate. PF is set to a "1" independent of the state of the PIE bit. PF being a "1" sets the IRQF bit and initiates an IRQB signal when PIE is also a "1". The PF bit is cleared by RESET_DRV or by a read of Register C. AF The alarm interrupt flag when set to a "1" indicates that the current time has matched the alarm time. A "1" in AF causes a "1" to appear in IRQF and the IRQB port to go low when the AIE bit is also a "1". A RESET_DRV or a read of Register C clears the AF bit. 145 UF b3-0 The update-ended interrupt flag bit is set after each update cycle. When the UIE bit is also a "1", the "1" in UF causes the IRQF bit to be set and asserts IRQB. A RESET_DRV or a read of Register C causes UF to be cleared. The unused bits of Register C are read as zeros and cannot be written. REGISTER D (DH) - BITS[7,6] ARE READ-ONLY, BITS[5:0] ARE READ/WRITE MSB b7 VRT VRT When a "1", this bit indicates that the contents of the RTC are valid. A "0" appears in the VRT bit when the battery voltage is low. The VRT bit is a read-only bit, which can only be set by a read of Register D. Refer to Power Management for the conditions when this bit is reset. The processor program can set the VRT bit when the time and calendar are initialized to indicate that the time is valid. b6 REGISTER 7E (7Eh) CONTROL REGISTER 1 Read as zero and cannot be written. Default is 0; cleared upon Vbat POR. This register is battery backed-up. D7 XTAL_ CAP D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 0 D2 VTR_POR _EN D1 VTR_POR _OFF D0 AL_REM_ EN b6 0 b5 b4 b3 b2 Date Alarm b5:b0 Date Alarm; These bits store the date of month alarm value. If set to 000000b, then a don't care state is assumed. The host must configure the date alarm for these bits to do anything, yet they can be written at any time. If the date alarm is not enabled, these bits will return zeros. These bits are not affected by RESET_DRV. Note: Bits[6:0] are not accessible during an update cycle. b1 LSB b0 145 BIT 0 - AL_REM_EN One of the two control bits for the alarm wakeup function; it is the "remember" enable bit for the second alarm. This bit, if set to 1, wil cause the system to power-up upon return of power if the alarm 2 time has passed during loss of power. It is only applicable when VTR=0. This bit is independent of the other control bit for the alarm wake-up function, AlE. If AL_REM_EN is set and VTR=0 at the date/time that the alarm is set for, the nPowerOn pin will go active (low) and the machine will power-up as soon as VTR comes back. Bit 1 - VTR_POR_OFF If VTR_POR_OFF is set, the nPowerOn pin will go inactive (float) and the main power (Vcc) will remain off when the VTR POR occurs. The software must not set VTR_POR_OFF and VTR_POR_EN at the same time. BIT 2 - VTR_POR_EN The enable bit for VTR POR. If VTR_POR_EN is set, the nPowerOn pin will go active (low) and the machine will power-up as soon as a VTR POR occurs. The software must not set VTR_POR_OFF and VTR_POR_EN at the same time. Bits 3:6 - Reserved Read as zero, ignore writes Bit 7 - XTAL_CAP This bit is used to specify the 32Khz XTAL load capacitance (12pF vs. 6pF): 0=12pF, 1=6pF. Registers 0Eh-7Ch, 7Fh in Bank 0 and 00h-7Fh in Bank 1: General Purpose Registers 0Eh-7Ch, 7Fh in Bank 0 and 00h-7Fh in Bank 1 are general purpose CMOS registers. These registers can be used by the host and are fully available during the time update cycle. The contents of these registers are preserved by the battery power. Interrupts The RTC includes three separate fully- automatic sources of interrupts to the processor. The alarm interrupt may be programmed to occur at rates from one-per-second to one-a-day. The periodic interrupt may be selected for rates from half-a-second to 122.070 s. The update ended interrupt may be used to indicate to the program that an update cycle is completed. Each of these independent interrupts are described in greater detail in other sections. The processor program selects which interrupts, if any, it wishes to receive by writing a "1" to the appropriate enable bits in Register B. A "0" in an enable bit prohibits the IRQB port from being asserted due to that interrupt cause. When an interrupt event occurs a flag bit is set to a "1" in Register C. Each of the three interrupt sources have separate flag bits in Register C, which are set independent of the state of the corresponding enable bits in Register B. The flag bits may be used with or without enabling the corresponding enable bits. The flag bits in Register C are cleared (record of the interrupt event is erased) when Register C is read. Double latching is included in Register C to ensure the bits that are set are stable throughout the read cycle. All bits which are high when read by the program are cleared, and new interrupts are held until after the read cycle. If an interrupt flag is already set when the interrupt becomes enabled, the IRQB port is immediately activated, though the interrupt initiating the event may have occurred much earlier. When an interrupt flag bit is set and the corresponding interrupt-enable bit is also set, the IRQB port is driven low. IRQB is asserted as long as at least one of the three interrupt sources has its flag and enable bits both set. The IRQF bit in Register C is a "1" whenever the IRQB port is being driven low. Frequency Divider The RTC has 22 binary divider stages following the clock input. The output of the divider is a 1 Hz signal to the update-cycle logic. The divider is controlled by the three divider bits (DV3-DV0) in Register A. As shown in Table 146 66 the divider control bits can select the operating mode, or be used to hold the divider chain reset which allows precision setting of the time. When the divider chain is changed from reset to the operating mode, the first update cycle is one-half second later. The divider control bits are also used to facilitate testing of the RTC. Periodic Interrupt Selection The periodic interrupt allows the IRQB port to be triggered from once every 500 ms to once every 122.07 s. As Table 67 shows, the periodic interrupt is selected with the RS0-RS3 bits in Register A. The periodic interrupt is enabled with the PIE bit in Register B. 147 SOFT POWER MANAGEMENT This chip employs soft power management to allow the chip to enter low power mode and to provide a variety of wakeup events to power up the chip. This technique allows for software control over powerdown and wakeup events. In low power mode, the chip runs off of the trickle voltage, VTR. In this mode, the chip is ready to power up from either the power button or from one of a number of wakeup events including pressing a key, touching the mouse or receiving data from one of the UARTs. The alarm can also be set to power up the system at a predetermined time to perform one or more tasks. The implementation of Soft Power Management is illustrated in Figure 11. A high to low transition on the Button input or on any of the enabled wakeup events (SPx) causes the nPowerOn output to go active low which turns on the main power supply. Even if the power supply is completely lost (i.e., VTR is not present) the power supply can still be turned on upon the return of VTR. This is accomplised by an alarm event that has already passed (if the alarm remember bit is enabled) or by a VTR power on reset (if the VTR POR bit is enabled). These bits are described in the RTC section. The chip can also be programmed to always stay off when the AC power returns. (See VTR_POR_OFF in the RTC section.) The Button input can be used to turn off the power supply after a debounce delay. The power supply can also be turned off under software control (via a write to register WDT_CTRL with bit 7 set). Configuration registers L8-CR_B0 and L8CR_B1 select the wakes-up events (SPx). The Configuration registers L8-CR_B2 and L8CR_B3 indict the wake-up event status. The possible wake-events are: * * * * * * * * * * UART1 and UART 2 Ring Indicator Pin Keyboard and Mouse clock Pin Group Interrupt 1, Group Interrupt 2 IRRX2 input pin RTC Alarm UART 1 and UART 2 Receive Data Pin nRING pin Consumer IR (CIR) Power Button input pin VTR_POR 148 FIGURE 3 - SOFT POWER MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM nBINT OFF_EN OFF_DLY Delay2 Logic nSPOFF VTR_POR_EN VTR POR AL_REM_EN ED; PG Alarm Delay1 VTR ED; L EN1 nSPOFF1 VTR_POR_OFF VTR POR VBAT POR Soft Power Off nSPOFF1 VTR POR With Vbat<1.2V Logic Flip Flop 1 D Q CLR nSPOFF1 Button L Button Input Logic OFF_DLY SP1 nPowerOn Open Collector Type Output SPx ED; L ENx nSPOFF1 PWRBTNOR_EN Override Timer PWRBTNOR_STS A transition on the Button input, or on any enabled SPx inputs causes the nPowerOn output to go active low. A low pulse on the Soft Power Off signal, a Vbat POR, a VTR POR with Vbat<1.2V, or Power Button Override Event causes nPowerOn to float. ED;PG = Edge Detect, Pulse Generator ED;L = Edge Detect and Latch Note 1: All soft power management functions run off of VTR. When VTR is present, it supplies power to the RTC. When VTR is not present, Vbat supplies power to the RTC and Flip Flop 1. Note 2: Flip Flop 1 is battery backed-up so that it returns the last valid state of the machine. Note 3: A battery backed-up enable bit in the alarm control register can be set to force Flip Flop 1 in the soft power management circuit to come up `on' if an alarm occurred when VTR was not present. This is gated into wakeup circuitry. Refer to the AL_REM_EN Bit description in the RTC Control Register section for more information. Note 4: A battery backed-up enable bit in the alarm control register can be set to force Flip Flop 1 to come up `off' after a VTR POR, see VTR_POR_OFF. 149 REGISTERS The following registers can be accessed when in configuration mode at Logical Device 8, Registers B0-B3, B8 and F4, and when not in configuration they can be accessed through the Index and Data Register. All soft power management configuration registers are battery backed up and are reset on Vbat POR. Soft Power Enable Registers 2. However, only the enabled wakeup functions will turn on power to the system. Soft Power Control Registers WDT_CTRL (Configuration Register F4, Logical Device 8) This register is used for soft power management and watchdog timer control. Bits [7:5] are for soft power management: SPOFF, Restart_Cnt, Stop_Cnt. Delay 2 Time Set Register (Configuration Register B8, Logical Device 8) This register is used to set Delay 2 to value from 500msec to 32sec. The default value is 500msec. The power button has an override event as required by the ACPI specification. If the user presses the power button for more than four seconds while the system is in the working state, a hardware event is generated and the system will transition to the off state. There are status bits and enable bits associated with this feature in the PM1_BLK registers. See the ACPI section. This override event utilizes power button logic to determine that the power button (Button_In) has been pressed for more that four seconds. The override enable/disable bit, PWRBTNOR_EN, allows this override function to be turned on/off. If enabled, this override event will result in setting the override status bit, PWRBTNOR_STS (to be cleared by writing a 1 to its bit position - writing a 0 has no effect), clearing the regular button status bit, PWRBTN_STS, and generating an event to be routed into the soft power management logic to turn off the system. The override status bit alerts the system upon powerup that an override event was used to power down the system, and will be used to properly power-up the system. Figure 11 shows the soft power management logic with the override timer path from the button input. The override timer counts while the button is held (in the present implementation this would be when the button input is high) and is cleared SOFT POWER ENABLE REGISTER 1 (Configuration Register B0, Logical Device 8) This register contains the enable bits for the wake-up function of the nPowerOn bit. When enabled, these bits allow their corresponding function to turn on power to the system. SOFT POWER ENABLE REGISTER 2 (Configuration Register B1, Logical Device 8) This register contains additional enable bits for the wake-up function of the nPowerOn bit. When enabled, these bits allow their corresponding function to turn on power to the system. It also contains OFF_EN: After power up, this bit defaults to 1, i.e., enabled. This bit allows the software to enable or disable the button control of power off. Soft Power Status Registers Soft Power Status Register 1 (Configuration Register B2, Logical Device 8) This register contains the status for the wake-up events. Note: The status bit gets set if the wakeup event occurs, whether or not it is enabled as a wakeup function by setting the corresponding bit in Soft Power Enable Register 1. However, only the enabled wakeup functions will turn on power to the system. Soft Power Status Register 2 (Configuration Register B3, Logical Device 8) This register contains additional status for the wake-up events. Note: The status bit gets set if the wakeup event occurs, whether or not it is enabled as a wakeup function by setting the corresponding bit in Soft Power Enable Register 150 upon release of the button. It has a 0.5 second or faster resolution (run off of the 32kHz clock divided down) and the minimum time for triggering the override power down is four seconds, with a maximum of 4.5 seconds. The timer output will pulse the clear on the Flip Flop 1. Figure 12 illustrates the timing of the blanking period relative to Button_In and nPowerOn for the override event. Button_In 4+ nPowerOn 4 sec Blanking Period 4 sec sec Release Vcc FIGURE 4 - BLANKING PERIOD 151 ACPI/PME/SMI FEATURES ACPI Features The FDC37B78x supports ACPI as described in this section. These features comply with the ACPI Specification, Revision 1.0. Legacy/ACPI Select Capability This capability consists of an SMI/SCI switch which is required in a system that supports both legacy and ACPI power management models. This is due to the fact that the system software for legacy power management consists of the SMI interrupt handler while for ACPI it consists of the ACPI driver (SCI interrupt handler). This support uses Logical Device A at 0x0A to hold the address pointers to the ACPI power management register block, PM1_BLK, which consists of run-time registers. Included in the PM1_BLK is an enable bit, SCI_EN, to allow the SCI interrupt to be generated upon an enabled SCI event. This SCI interrupt can be switched out to the nPME/SCI pin or routed to one of the parallel interrupts, IRQ11, or any Serial IRQ frame. Note that the Serial IRQ is not available under VTR power. The polarity and output type (open collector or push-pull) of the SCI is selected through the IRQ MUX Register. The software power management events (those that generate an SMI in legacy mode and an SCI in ACPI mode) are controlled by the EN_SMI and SCI_EN bits. The SCI enable bit, SCI_EN, is located in the PM1_CNTRL register, bit 0. This bit is used in conjunction with EN_SMI, bit 7 of the SMI enable register 2, to enable either SCI or SMI (or both). For legacy power management, the EN_SMI bit is used; if set, it routes the power management events to the SMI interrupt logic. For ACPI power management, the SCI_EN bit is used; if set, it routes the power management events to the SCI interrupt logic. Power Button With Override The power button has a status and and enable bit in the PM1_BLK of registers to provide an SCI upon the button press. The power button can also turn the system on and off through the soft power management logic. The power button also has an override event as required by the ACPI specification. See The Soft Power Management Section. This override event is described as follows: If the user presses the power button for more than 4 seconds while the system is in the working state, a hardware event is generated and the system will transition to the off state. There are status and enable bits associated with this feature in the PM1_BLK registers. RTC Alarm The ACPI specification requires that the RTC alarm generate a hardware wake-up event from the sleeping state. The RTC alarm event can be enabled as both a PME and an SCI event through bits in the PM1_BLK of registers. In addition, the can also turn the system on due to the RTC alarm through the soft power management logic. There is a bit in the PME Enable Register and the PME Status Register 1 to enable the RTC alarm event as a nPME event and to read its status. The status bit is set when the RTC generates an alarm event and is cleared by writing a 1 to this bit (writing a 0 has no effect). When the RTC generates an alarm event, the RTC_PME_STS bit will be set. If the RTC_PME_EN bit is set, an RTC PME power management event will be generated. For SCI, the RTC_STS and RTC_EN bits are in the PM1_STS and PM1_EN registers. 152 General Purpose ACPI Events The General Purpose ACPI events are enabled through the SCI_EN1 bit in the GPE_EN register. This bit, if set, allows any of the enabled PME events to generate an SCI. In addition, if the DEVINT_EN bit in the PME_EN 1 Register is set, and if the EN_SMI_PME bit in the SMI_EN 2 register is set, then any of the SMI Events can also generate an SCI. See the SCI/PME and SMI/PME logic diagrams below. Device Sleep States Each device in the FDC37B78x supports two device sleep states, D0 (on) and D3 (off). The D3 state corresponds to the PCI defined D3cold state. With all devices off, the part is powered either by main power (Vcc) or standby power (Vtr), depending on the system sleep state. In both cases, the part can provide wakeup capability through the soft power management logic and generate a nPME or nSCI. In an ACPI system, the devices are powered on and off through control methods. Wake Events Wake events are events that turn power on (activate nPowerOn output) if enabled. These events can also be enabled as SMI, SCI and nPME events as shown in the following table. In addition, these wake events set the WAK_STS bit if enabled (see ACPI PM1_STS2 Register description). INPUT TO SOFT POWER SMI/SCI/PME MANAGEMENT GENERATION KCLK KCLK SMI/SCI/PME Pins MCLK MCLK SMI/SCI/PME IRRX2 (Includes CIR) IRRX2 SMI/SCI/PME RXD2/IRRX (Includes CIR) RXD2/IRRX SMI/SCI/PME (CIR) CIR SMI/SCI/PME RXD1 RXD1 SMI/SCI1/PME1 nRI1 nRI1 SMI/SCI/PME nRI2 nRI2 SMI/SCI/PME nRING nRING SMI/SCI/PME Button Button SMI/SCI2/PME1 GP10-17 GPINT1 SMI/SCI1/PME GP50-54, GP60-67 GPINT2 SMI/SCI1/PME1 RTC Alarm (includes AL_REM) RTC Alarm + AL_REM SCI2 Internal VTR POR VTR POR SCI Signals Note 1: These SCI/PME events are SMI events that are enabled through DEVINT_EN Note 2: These SCI events have Status and Enable bits in the PM1 registers WAKE EVENTS The following are SMI events that are not wake events: * Floppy Interrupt * * Parallel Port Interrupt * * WDT * * P12 UART1 and UART2 interrupts Mouse and keyboard interrupts SLP_EN Any wakeup logic that affects the configuration of the wakeup events is implemented so that the configuration of the wakeup events is retained (in the event of total power loss) upon Vtr POR. 153 PME SUPPORT The FDC37B78x offers support for PCI power management events (PMEs). A power management event is requested by a PCI function via the assertion of the nPME signal. The assertion and deassertion of nPME is asynchronous to the PCI clock. In the FDC37B78x, active transitions on the ring indicator inputs nRI1 and nRI2 or the nRING pin, valid NEC infrared remote control frames, active keyboardclock edges, active mouse-clock edges, RTC alarm, and GPIOs GP10-GP17 can directly assert the nPME signal. In addition, if the DEVINT_EN bit in the PME_EN 1 Register is set, and if the EN_SMI_PME bit in the SMI_EN 2 register is set, then any of the SMI Events can also generate a nPME. See the SCI/PME and SMI/PME logic diagrams in FIGURE 5 and FIGURE 6. nPME functionality is controlled by the runtime registers at When PME_EN is inactive, the nPME signal can not be asserted. When PME_EN is asserted, any wake source whose individual PME Wake Enable register bit is asserted can cause nPME to become asserted. The PME Wake Status register indicates which wake source has asserted the nPME signal. The PME Status bit, PME_STS, is asserted by active transitions of PME Wake sources. PME_STS will become asserted independent of the state of the global PME enable, PME_EN. In the FDC37B78x the nPME pin is an open drain, active low, driver. The FDC37B78x nPME pin is fully isolated from other external devices that might pull the PCI nPME signal low; i.e., the PCI nPME signal is capable of being driven high externally by another active device or pullup even when the the FDC37B78x VDD is grounded, providing VTR power is active. The FDC37B78x nPME driver sinks 6mA at .55V max (see section 4.2.1.1 DC Specifications, page 122, in the PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.1). ACPI/PME/SMI REGISTERS Logical Device A in the configuration section contains the address pointer to the ACPI power management register block, and PM1_BLK. These are run-time registers; Included in the PM1_BLK is an enable bit to allow the SCI group interrupt to be routed to any serial interrupt or the IRQ11 pin, or onto the nPME/SCI pin. Note: See IRQ mux control register for SCI/PME/SMI selection function and pin configuration bits. Register Description The ACPI register model consists of a number of fixed register blocks that perform designated functions. A register block consists of a number of registers that perform Status, Enable and Control functions. The ACPI specification deals with events (which have an associated interrupt status and enable bits, and sometimes an associated control function) and control features. The status registers illustrate what defined function is requesting ACPI interrupt services (SCI). Any status bit in the ACPI specification has the following attributes: A. Status bits are only set through some defined "hardware event." B. Unless otherwise noted, Status bits are cleared by writing a "HIGH" to that bit position, and upon VTR POR. Writing a 0 has no effect. C. Status bits only generate interrupts while their associated bit in the enable register is set. D. Function bit positions in the status register have the same bit position in the enable register (there are exceptions to this rule, special status bits have no enables). Note that this implies that if the respective enable bit is reset and the hardware event occurs, the respective status bit is set, however no interrupt is generated until the enable bit is set. This allows software to test the state of the event (by examining the status bit) without necessarily generating an interrupt. There are a special class of status bits that have no respective enable bit, 154 these are called out specifically, and the respective enable bit in the enable register is marked as reserved for these special cases. The enable registers allow the setting of the status bit to generate an interrupt. As a general rule there is an enable bit in the enable register for every status bit in the status register. The control register provides special controls for the associated event, or special control features that are not associated with an interrupt event. The ordering of a register block is the status registers, followed by enable registers, followed by control registers. TABLE 68 and TABLE 69 list the PM1/GPE and PME/SMI/MSC register blocks and the locations of the registers contained in these blocks. All of these registers are powered by VTR and battery backed-up and are reset on Vbat POR. Wakeup Event Configuration is Retained by Battery Power To preserve the configuration of the wakeup functions that were programmed prior to the loss of Vtr upon its return, the soft power management registers, PME, SCI, SMI registers and GPIO registers are all powered by the battery. These registers are reset to their default values only on Vbat POR. These registers are described in the sections below. 156 Register Block The registers in this block are powered by VTR and battery backed up. TABLE 68 - PM1/GPE REGISTER BLOCK Register Size Address PM1_STS 1 8 156 ACPI REGISTERS In the FDC37B78x, the PME wakeup events can be enabled as SCI events through the SCI_STS1 and SCI_EN1 bits in the GPE status and enable registers. See PME Interface and SMI/PME/SCI logic sections. Power Management 1 Status Register 1 (PM1_STS 1) Register Location: 1 2 Reserved RTC_STS 3 PWRBTNOR_STS 157 DESCRIPTION (Note 1) 4-6 Reserved Reserved. These bits always return a value of zero. 7 WAK_STS This bit is set when the system is in the sleeping state and an enabled wakeup event occurs. This bit is set on the high-to-low transition of nPowerOn, if the WAK_CTRL bit in the sleep / wake configuration register (0xF0 in Logical Device A) is cleared. If the WAK_CTRL bit is set, then any enabled wakeup event will also set the WAK_STS bit in addition to the high-to-low transition of nPowerOn. It is cleared by writing a 1 to its bit location when nPowerOn is active (low). Upon setting this bit, the system will transition to the working state. (Note 1) Note 1: This bit is set by hardware and can only be cleared by software writing a one to this bit position and by Vbat POR. Writing a 0 has no effect. Note 2: In the present implementation of Button_In, pressing the button will always wake the machine (i.e., activate nPowerOn). Power Management 1 Enable Register 1 (PM1_EN 1) Register Location: BIT NAME Power Management 1 Enable Register 2 (PM1_EN 2) Register Location: 158 BIT NAME 1-7 Reserved DESCRIPTION generate an SCI interrupt. When this bit is reset power management events will not generate an SCI interrupt. Reserved. These bits always return a value of zero. Power Management 1 Control Register 2 (PM1_CNTRL 2) Register Location: 2-4 SLP_TYPx 5 SLP_EN 6-7 Reserved 159 General Purpose Event Status Register 1 (GPE_STS1) Register Location: 1-7 Reserved Note 0: all bits described as "reserved" in writeable registers must be written with the value 0 when the register is written. PME Registers The power management event function has a PME_Status bit and a PME_En bit. These bits are defined in the PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification, Revision 1.0, Draft, Copyright (c) 1997, PCI Special Interest Group, Mar. 18, 1997. The default states for the PME_Status and PME_En bits are controlled by Vbat Power-On-Reset. PME Status Register (PME_STS) Register Location: The PME_Status bit is set when the FDC37B78x would normally assert the PCI nPME signal, independent of the state of the PME_En bit. Only active transitions on the PME Wake sources can set the PME_Status bit. 160 * * * The PME_Status bit is read/write-clear. Writing a "1" to the PME_Status bit will clear it (if there are no pending PME events) and cause the FDC37C78X to stop asserting the nPME, if enabled. See Figure 5. Writing a "0" has no effect on the PME_Status bit. The PME_Status bit is reset to "0" during VBAT Power-On-Reset. PME Enable Register (PME_EN) Register Location: Setting the PME_En bit to "1" enables the FDC37B78x to assert the nPME signal. When the PME_En bit is reset to "0", nPME signal assertion is disabled. The PME_En bit is reset to "0" during VBAT Power-On-Reset. PME Status Register 1 (PME_STS 1) Register Location: PME Status Register 2 (PME_STS2) Register Location: The PME Status registers indicate the state of the individual FDC37B78x PME wake sources, independent of the state of the individual source enables or the PME_En bit. If the wake source has asserted a wake event, the associated PME Status bit will be "1". The wake source bits in the PME Status registers are read/write-clear: an active ("1") PME Status bit can only be cleared by writing a "1" to the bit. Writing a "0" to bits in the PME Wake Status register has no effect. PME Enable Register 1 (PME_EN1) Register Location: 161 Size: 8-bits D7 DEVINT_ EN D6 RTC_PME _EN D5 nRING D4 MOUSE D3 KBD D2 RI1 D1 RI2 D0 CIR DEFAULT 0x00 PME Enable Register 2 (PME_EN2) Register Location: The PME Enable registers enable the individual FDC37B78x wake sources onto the nPME bus. When the PME Enable register bit for a wake source is active ("1"), if the source asserts a wake event and the PME_En bit is "1", the source will assert the PCI nPME signal. When the PME Enable register bit for a wake source is inactive ("0"), the PME Status register will indicate the state of the wake source but will not assert the PCI nPME signal. SMI Registers The FDC37B78x implements a group nSMI output pin. The nSMI group interrupt output consists of the enabled interrupts from each of the functional blocks in the chip plus other SMI events. The interrupts are enabled onto the group nSMI output via the SMI Enable Registers 1 and 2. The nSMI output is then enabled onto the group nSMI output pin or Serial IRQ Frame (IRQ2) via bit[7] in the SMI Enable Register 2. These SMI events can also be enabled as nPME/SCI events by setting the EN_SMI_PME bit, bit[6] of SMI Enable Register 2. This register is also used to enable the group nSMI output onto the nSMI Serial/Parallel IRQ pin and the routing of 8042 P12 internally to nSMI. The IRQ mux Register Bit 7 is used to select the SMI on the SMI pin or the Serial IRQ frame. 162 SMI Status Register 1 (SMI_STS1) Register Location: SMI Status Register 2 (SMI_STS2) Register Location: 163 SMI Enable Register 1 (SMI_EN1) Register Location: < PM1_BLK >+14h System I/O Space Default Value: 00h on Vbat POR Attribute: Read/Write Size: 8-bits NAME SMI Enable Register 1 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR DESCRIPTION This register is used to enable the different interrupt sources onto the group nSMI output. 1=Enable 0=Disable Bit[0] EN_RING Note: the PME status bit for RING is used as the SMI status bit for RING (see PME Status Register). Bit[1] EN_PINT Bit[2] EN_U2INT Bit[3] EN_U1INT Bit[4] EN_FINT Bit[5] EN_GPINT2 Bit[6] EN_GPINT1 Bit[7] EN_WDT 164 SMI Enable Register 2 (SMI_EN2) Register Location: < PM1_BLK >+15h System I/O Space Default Value: 00h on Vbat POR Attribute: Read/Write Size: 8-bits NAME SMI Enable Register 2 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR DESCRIPTION This register is used to enable the different interrupt sources onto the group nSMI output, and the group nSMI output onto the nSMI GPI/O pin. Unless otherwise noted, 1=Enable 0=Disable Bit[0] EN_MINT Bit[1] EN_KINT Bit[2] EN_IRINT Bit[3] EN_BINT Bit[4] EN_P12: Enable 8042 P1.2 to route internally to nSMI 0=Do not route to nSMI 1=Enable routing to nSMI. Bit [5] EN_CIR Note: the PME status bit for CIR is used as the SMI status bit for CIR (see PME Status Register). Bit[6] EN_SMI_PME: Enable the group nSMI output into the PME interface logic. 0= Group SMI output does not go to PME interface logic 1= Enable group SMI output to PME interface logic Bit[7] EN_SMI: Enable the group nSMI output onto the nSMI pin or Serial IRQ frame (IRQ2). 0=SMI pin floats 1=Enable group nSMI output onto nSMI pin or serial IRQ frame Note: the selection of either the nSMI pin or serial IRQ frame is done via bit 7 of the IRQ Mux Control Register (0xC0 in Logical Device 8). 165 EITHER EDGE TRIGGERED INTERRUPTS Four GPIO pins are implemented that allow an interrupt to be generated on both a high-to-low and a low-to-high edge transition, instead of one or the other as selected by the polarity bit. The either edge triggered interrupts function as follows: Selecting the Either Edge Triggered Interrupt (EETI) function for these GPIO pins is applicable when the combined interrupt is enabled for the GPIO pin (GPINT1 for GP10GP17, and GPINT2 for GP50-GP54 and GP60GP67). Otherwise, selection of the EETI function will produce no function for the pin. If the EETI Miscellaneous Status Register function is selected for the GPIO pin, then the bits that control input/output, polarity and open collector/push-pull have no effect on the function of the pin. However, the polarity bit does affect the value of the GP bit (i.e., register GP1, bit 2 for GP12). An interrupt occurs if the status bit is set and the interrupt is enabled. The status bits indicate which of the EETI interrupts transitioned. These status bits are located in the MSC_STS register. The status is valid whether or not the interrupt is enabled and whether or not the EETI function is selected for the pin. The MSC_STS register is implemented as follows to hold the status bits of these four GPIOs. Miscellaneous Status Register (PM1_STS) Register Location: 1 EETI2_STS 2 EETI3_STS 3 EETI4_STS 4 VTRPOR_STS 5-7 Reserved SMI/PME/SCI Logic The logic for the SMI, PME and SCI signals is shown in the figures that follow. 166 FIGURE 5 - PME/SCI LOGIC PME_EN Registers PME_EN1 Register EN_CIR EN_RI2 EN_RI1 MUX 00 01 10 Bit[6] Bits[6:5] of IRQ Mux Control Register EN_KBD PME_STS Registers PME_STS1 Register CIR RI2 RI1 KBD MOUSE RING RTC DEV_INT From SMI/PME Device Interrupt Block nPME pin nPME nSCI IRQ9 EN_MOUSE EN_RING EN_RTC EN_DEVINT PME_EN2 Register PME_STS Bit[5] PME_STS2 Register GP10 PME_EN GPE_STS Register GPE_EN Register SCI_STS1 GPE_STS.0 EN_GP10 EN_GP11 GP11 GP12 GP13 GP14 GP15 GP16 GP17 nSCI on IRQx pin EN_GP12 EN_GP13 EN_GP14 EN_GP15 EN_GP16 EN_GP17 nSCI on Serial IRQx Bit[2] of IRQ Mux Control Register SCI_EN1 GPE_EN.0 SCI_EN PM1_BLK PWRBTN_STS PWRBTN_EN RTC_EN RTC_STS nPowerOn WAK_STS Key to Symbols Enable bit Sticky Status bit: Cleared by software writing a `1' to its bit location WAK_CTRL 167 FIGURE 6 - SMI/PME LOGIC SMI_EN Registers SMI_EN1 Register EN_RING SMI_STS Registers SMI_STS1 Register PINT EVENT RING Bit, PME_STS1 Register nRING CONFIGURATION The Configuration of the FDC37B78x is very flexible and is based on the configuration architecture implemented inGroup Plug-and-Play typical SMI components. The FDC37B78x is designed for nSMI out to pin motherboard applications in which the resources EN_SMI or Serial requiredIRQ2 their components are known. With its by Bit 7 of SMI_EN2 flexible resource allocation architecture, the Register FDC37B78x allows the BIOS to assign resources at POST. DEV_INT to nPME Interface SYSTEM ELEMENTS EN_SMI_PME Logic Bit 6 of SMI_EN2 Register configuration ports to initialize thePINT logical devices EN_PINT U2INT U2INT EN_U2INT U1INT at POST. The INDEX and DATA ports are only U1INT EN_U1INT FINT FINT valid EN_FINT the FDC37B78x is in Configuration when GPINT2 GPINT2 Mode. EN_GPINT2 GPINT1 GPINT1 EN_GPINT1 EN_WDT WDT WDT Primary Configuration Address Decoder After a hard reset (RESET_DRV pin asserted) or Vcc Power On Reset the FDC37B78x is in the Run Mode with all logical devices disabled. The logical devices may be configured through two standard Configuration I/O Ports (INDEX and DATA) by placing the FDC37B78x into Configuration Mode. The BIOS uses these The SYSOPT pin is latched on the falling edge of SMI_STS2 Register SMI_EN2 Register the RESET_DRV or on Vcc Power On Reset to MINT MINT EN_MINT KINT determine the configuration register's base KINT EN_KINT IRINT IRINT address. The SYSOPT pin is used to select the EN_IRINT BINT CONFIG PORT's I/O address at BINT power-up. Once EN_BINT P12 P12 EN_P12 CIR Bit, PME_STS1 Register powered up the configuration port base address CIR EN_CIR SLP_EN_SMI can be changed through configuration registers SLP_EN CR26 and CR27. The SYSOPT pin is a SLP_CTRL hardware configuration pin which is shared Bit 0 of the Sleep Enable with the nRTS1 signalto Symbols 115. During reset Key on pin Configuration Register 0xF0 of Logical Device A. this pin is a weak active low signal which sinks Enable bit 30A. Note: All I/O addresses areCleared at qualified with Interrupt Status bit: source AEN. The INDEX and DATA ports are effective only when the chip is in the Configuration State. Interrupt Status bit: Cleared by a read of register Sticky Status bit: Cleared by a write of `1' to this bit PORT NAME CONFIG PORT (Note 2) INDEX PORT (Note 2) DATA PORT SYSOPT= 0 (Pull-down resistor) Refer to Note 1 0x03F0 0x03F0 INDEX PORT + 1 SYSOPT= 1 (10K Pull-up resistor) 0x0370 0x0370 TYPE Write Read/Write Read/Write Note 1:If using TTL RS232 drivers use 1K pull-down. If using CMOS RS232 drivers use 10K pull-down. Note 2: The configuration port base address can be relocated through CR26 and CR27. 168 Entering the Configuration State The device enters the Configuration State when the following Config Key is successfully written to the CONFIG PORT. Config Key = < 0x55> When in configuration mode, all logical devices function properly. Entering and exiting configuration mode has no effect on the devices. Exiting the Configuration State The device exits the Configuration State when the following Config Key is successfully written to the CONFIG PORT. Config Key = < 0xAA> Configuration Mode The system sets the logical device information and activates desired logical devices through the INDEX and DATA ports. In configuration mode, the INDEX PORT is located at the CONFIG PORT address and the DATA PORT is at INDEX PORT address + 1. The desired configuration registers are accessed in two steps: a. Write the index of the Logical Device Number Configuration Register (i.e., 0x07) to the INDEX PORT and then write the number of the desired logical device to the DATA PORT. b. Write the address of the desired configuration register within the logical device to the INDEX PORT and then write or read the configuration register through the DATA PORT. Note: if accessing the Global Configuration Registers, step (a) is not required. Exit Configuration Mode To exit the Configuration State the system writes 0xAA to the CONFIG PORT. The chip returns to the RUN State. Note: Only two states are defined (Run and Configuration). In the Run State the chip will always be ready to enter the Configuration State. CONFIGURATION SEQUENCE To program the configuration registers, the following sequence must be followed: 1. Enter Configuration Mode 2. Configure the Configuration Registers 3. Exit Configuration Mode. Enter Configuration Mode To place the chip into the Configuration State the Config Key is sent to the chip's CONFIG PORT. The config key consists of a write of 0x55 data to the CONFIG PORT. Once the initiation key is received correctly the chip enters into the Configuration State (The auto Config ports are enabled). 149 Programming Example The following is an example of a configuration program in Intel 8086 assembly language. ;----------------------------. ; ENTER CONFIGURATION MODE | ;----------------------------' MOV DX,3F0H MOV AX,055H CLI; disable interrupts OUT DX,AL STI; enable interrupts ;-------------------------------. ; CONFIGURE REGISTER CRE0, | ; LOGICAL DEVICE 8 | ;-------------------------------' MOV DX,3F0H MOV AL,07H OUT DX,AL ; Point to LD# Config Reg MOV DX,3F1H MOV AL, 08H OUT DX,AL ; Point to Logical Device 8 ; MOV DX,3F0H MOV AL,E0H OUT DX,AL; Point to CRE0 MOV DX,3F1H MOV AL,02H OUT DX,AL; Update CRE0 ;-------------------------------. ; EXIT CONFIGURATION MODE | ;-------------------------------' MOV DX,3F0H MOV AX,0AAH OUT DX,AL Notes: 1. HARD RESET: RESET_DRV pin asserted 2. SOFT RESET: Bit 0 of Configuration Control register set to one 3. All host accesses are blocked for 500s after Vcc POR (see Power-up Timing Diagram) 171 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS INDEX TYPE HARD RESET Vbat SOFT Vcc POR Vtr POR POR RESET GLOBAL CONFIGURATION REGISTERS CONFIGURATION REGISTER 0x02 0x03 0x07 0x20 0x21 0x22 0x23 0x24 0x26 W R/W R/W R R R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x44 0x00 0x00 (Note 0) 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x44 0x00 0x00 (Note 0) 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x44 0x00 0x00 (Note 0) - 0x00 0x44 0x00 0x00 0) (Note Config Control Index Address Logical Device Number Device ID - hard wired Device Rev - hard wired Power Control Power Mgmt OSC Configuration Port Address Byte 0 0x00 0x04 Sysopt=0: 0xF0 Sysopt=1: 0x70 Sysopt=0: 0x03 Sysopt=1: 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x03, 0xF0 0x06 0x02 0x0E 0x00 0xFF 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x04 Sysopt=0: 0xF0 Sysopt=1: 0x70 Sysopt=0: 0x03 Sysopt=1: 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x03, 0xF0 0x06 0x02 0x0E 0x00 0xFF 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x04 - - 0x27 R/W - - - Configuration Port Address Byte 1 0x28 0x2B 0x2C 0x2D 0x2E 0x2F 0x30 0x60, 0x61 0x70 0x74 0xF0 0xF1 0xF2 0xF4 0xF5 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x03, 0xF0 0x06 0x02 0x0E 0x00 0xFF 0x00 0x00 - 0x00 0x00 0x03, 0xF0 0x06 0x02 - Clock Mask Register TEST 4 TEST 5 TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 Activate Primary Base I/O Address Primary Interrupt Select DMA Channel Select FDD Mode Register FDD Option Register FDD Type Register FDD0 FDD1 LOGICAL DEVICE 0 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (FDD) LOGICAL DEVICE 1 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Reserved) LOGICAL DEVICE 2 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Reserved) LOGICAL DEVICE 3 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Parallel Port) 172 INDEX 0x30 TYPE R/W HARD RESET 0x00 Vcc POR 0x00 Vtr POR 0x00 Vbat POR - SOFT RESET 0x00 CONFIGURATION REGISTER Activate 0x60, 0x61 0x70 0x74 0xF0 0xF1 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x3C 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x3C 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x3C 0x00 - 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 - Primary Base I/O Address Primary Interrupt Select DMA Channel Select Parallel Port Mode Register Parallel Port Mode Register 2 Activate Primary Base I/O Address Primary Interrupt Select Serial Port 1 Mode Register Activate Primary Base I/O Address CIR Base I/O Address Primary Interrupt Select DMA Channel Select Serial Port 2 Mode Register IR Options Register IR Half Duplex Timeout Activate Secondary Base Address for RTC Bank 1 Primary Interrupt Select Real Time Clock Mode Register Activate Primary Interrupt Select Second Interrupt Select KRESET and GateA20 Select LOGICAL DEVICE 4 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Serial Port 1) 0x30 0x60, 0x61 0x70 0xF0 R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x00 - 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 - LOGICAL DEVICE 5 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Serial Port 2) 0x30 0x60, 0x61 0x62, 0x63 0x70 0x74 0xF0 0xF1 0xF2 0x30 0x62, 0x63 0x70 0xF0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00, 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x02 0x03 0x00 0x00, 0x70 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x02 0x03 0x00 0x00, 0x70 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x02 0x03 0x00 0x00, 0x70 0x00 n/a - 0x00, 0x00 0x00, 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x00 0x00, 0x70 0x00 n/a LOGICAL DEVICE 6 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (RTC) LOGICAL DEVICE 7 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Keyboard) 0x30 0x70 0x72 0xF0 R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 - 0x00 0x00 0x00 - 173 INDEX TYPE HARD Vbat SOFT RESET Vcc POR Vtr POR POR RESET LOGICAL DEVICE 8 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (Aux I/O) CONFIGURATION REGISTER 0x30 0xB0 0xB1 0xB2 0xB3 0xB8 0xC0 0xC1 0xC2 0xC3 0xC4 0xC5 0xC6 0xC8 0xCA 0xCB 0xCC 0xD0 0xD1 0xD2 0xD3 0xD4 0xD5 0xD6 0xD7 0xE0 0xE1 0xE2 0xE3 0xE4 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R R R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0x00 0x01 0x00 - 0x00 0x01 0x00 - 0x00 0x00 - 0x00 0x80 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x01 0x09 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x00 - Activate Soft Power Enable 3 Register 1 Soft Power Enable 3 Register 2 Soft Power Status 3 Register 1 Soft Power Status 3 Register 2 Delay 2 Time Set Register IRQ Mux Control 3 Force Disk Change Floppy Data Rate Select Shadow UART1 FIFO Control Shadow UART2 FIFO Control Shadow FDC Force Write Protect Ring Filter Select GP50 GP52 GP53 GP54 GP60 GP61 GP62 GP63 GP64 GP65 GP66 GP67 GP10 GP11 GP12 GP13 GP14 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 174 INDEX 0xE5 TYPE R/W HARD RESET - Vcc POR - Vtr POR - Vbat POR 0x00 SOFT RESET - CONFIGURATION REGISTER 3 GP15 0xE6 0xE7 0xEF 0xF0 0xF1 0xF2 0xF3 0xF4 0xF6 0xF9 0xFA 0x30 0x60, (2) 0x61 0x70 0xF0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W (1) 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 - 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 - 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00, 0x00 - 0x01 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 - 0x00 0x00, 0x00 - GP16 GP17 3 3 3 3 GP_INT2 GP_INT1 WDT_UNITS WDT_VAL WDT_CFG WDT_CTRL GP1 GP5 GP6 3 3 3 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W LOGICAL DEVICE A CONFIGURATION REGISTERS (ACPI) Activate 4 Primary Base I/O Address PM1_BLK Primary Interrupt Select Sleep/Wake 3 Configuration 3 R/W R/W 0x00 0x00 Notes 0) CR22 Bit 5 is reset on Vtr POR only 1) This register contains some bits which are read or write only. 2) Register 60 is the high byte; 61 is the low byte. For example to set the primary base address to 1234h, write 12h into 60, and 34h into 61. 3) These configuration registers are powered by Vtr and battery backed up. 4) The Activate bit for Logical Device A does not effect the generation of an interrupt (SCI). 175 Chip Level (Global) Control/Configuration Registers [0x00-0x2F] The chip-level (global) registers lie in the address range [0x00-0x2F]. The design MUST use all 8 bits of the ADDRESS Port for register selection. All unimplemented registers and bits ignore writes and return zero when read. The INDEX PORT is used to select a configuration register in the chip. The DATA PORT is then used to access the selected register. These registers are accessable only in the Configuration Mode. TABLE 71 - CHIP LEVEL REGISTERS DESCRIPTION Chip (Global) Control Registers 0x00 0x01 Config Control Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv Index Address Default = 0x03 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0x03 R/W 0x02 W Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. The hardware automatically clears this bit after the write, there is no need for software to clear the bits. Bit 0 = 1: Soft Reset. Refer to the "Configuration Registers" table for the soft reset value for each register. Bit[7] = 1 Enable GP1, WDT_CTRL, GP5, GP6, Soft Power Enable and Status Register access when not in configuration mode = 0 Disable GP1, WDT_CTRL, GP5, GP6, Soft Power Enable and Status Register access when not in configuration mode (Default) Bits [6:2] Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Bits[1:0] Sets GP1 etc. selection register used when in Run mode (not in Configuration Mode). = 11 0xEA (Default) = 10 0xE4 = 01 0xE2 = 00 0xE0 0x04 - 0x06 Logical Device # Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0x07 R/W Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. A write to this register selects the current logical device. This allows access to the control and configuration registers for each logical device. Note: the Activate command operates only on the selected logical device. Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Chip Level, SMSC Defined C C REGISTER ADDRESS STATE Card Level Reserved 0x08 - 0x1F 176 REGISTER Device ID Hard wired = 0x44 Device Rev Hard wired = 0x00 PowerControl Default = 0x00. on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv hardware signal. ADDRESS 0x20 R DESCRIPTION A read only register which provides identification. Bits[7:0] = 0x44 when read device STATE C 0x21 R A read only register which provides device revision information. Bits[7:0] = 0x00 when read C 0x22 R/W Bit[0] FDC Power Bit[1] Reserved Bit[2] Reserved Bit[3] Parallel Port Power Bit[4] Serial Port 1 Power Bit[5] Serial Port 2 Power Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Reserved = 0 Power off or disabled = 1 Power on or enabled Bit[0] FDC Bit[1] Reserved Bit[2] Reserved Bit[3] Parallel Port Bit[4] Serial Port 1 Bit[5] Serial Port 2 Bit[6] Reserved (read as 0) Bit[7] Reserved (read as 0) = 0 Intelligent Pwr Mgmt off = 1 Intelligent Pwr Mgmt on Bit[0] Reserved Bit [1] PLL Control = 0 PLL is on (backward Compatible) = 1 PLL is off Bits[3:2] OSC = 01 Osc is on, BRG clock is on. = 10 Same as above (01) case. = 00 Osc is on, BRG Clock Enabled. = 11 Osc is off, BRG clock is disabled. Bit [6:4] Reserved, set to zero Bit[7] IRQ8 Polarity = 0 IRQ8 is active high = 1 IRQ8 is active low C Power Mgmt Default = 0x00. on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv hardware signal 0x23 R/W C OSC Default = 0x04, on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv hardware signal. 0x24 R/W C Chip Level Vendor Defined 0x25 Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. 177 REGISTER Configuration Address Byte 0 Default=0xF0 (Sysopt=0) =0x70 (Sysopt=1) on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv Configuration Address Byte 1 Default = 0x03 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv Chip Level Vendor Defined TEST 4 TEST 5 TEST 1 TEST 2 ADDRESS 0x26 DESCRIPTION Bit[7:1] Configuration Address Bits [7:1] Bit[0] = 0 See Note 1 Below STATE C 0x27 Bit[7:0] Configuration Address Bits [15:8] See Note 1 Below C 0x28 -0x2A 0x2B R/W 0x2C R/W 0x2D R/W 0x2E R/W Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Test Modes: Reserved for SMSC. Users should not write to this register, may produce undesired results. Test Modes: Reserved for SMSC. Users should not write to this register, may produce undesired results. Test Modes: Reserved for SMSC. Users should not write to this register, may produce undesired results. Test Modes: Reserved for SMSC. Users should not write to this register, may produce undesired results. Test Modes: Reserved for SMSC. Users should not write to this register, may produce undesired results. C C C C TEST 3 Default = 0x00, on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv hardware signal. 0x2F R/W C Note 1: To allow the selection of the configuration address to a user defined location, these Configuration Address Bytes are used. There is no restriction on the address chosen, except that A0 is 0, that is, the address must be on an even byte boundary. As soon as both bytes are changed, the configuration space is moved to the specified location with no delay (Note: Write byte 0, then byte 1; writing CR27 changes the base address). The configuration address is only reset to its default address upon a Hard Reset or Vcc POR. Note: the default configuration address is either 3F0 or 370, as specified by the SYSOPT pin. This change affects SMSC Mode only. 178 Logical Device Configuration/Control Registers [0x30-0xFF] Used to access the registers that are assigned to each logical unit. This chip supports eight logical units and has eight sets of logical device registers. The eight logical devices are Floppy, Parallel Port, Serial Port 1 and Serial Port 2, Real Time Clock, Keyboard Controller, Auxiliary I/O and ACPI. A separate set (bank) of control and configuration register exists for each logical device and is selected with the Logical Device # Register (0x07). The INDEX PORT is used to select a specific logical device register. These registers are then accessed through the DATA PORT. The Logical Device registers are accessible only when the device is in the Configuration State. The logical register addresses are: Logical Device Registers TABLE 72 - CHIP LEVEL REGISTERS LOGICAL DEVICE REGISTER Activate Note1 ADDRESS (0x30) DESCRIPTION Bits[7:1] Reserved, set to zero. Bit[0] = 1 Activates the logical device currently selected through the Logical Device # register. = 0 Logical device currently selected is inactive Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Vendor Defined - Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Reserved - Writes are ignored, reads return 0. Registers 0x60 and 0x61 set the base address for the device. If more than one base address is required, the second base address is set by registers 0x62 and 0x63. Unused registers will ignore writes and return zero when read. STATE C Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv Note 2 Logical Device Control Logical Device Control Mem Base Addr I/O Base Addr. (see Device Base I/O Address Table) Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv Interrupt Select Defaults : 0x70 = 0x00, on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0x72 = 0x00, on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv (0x31-0x37) (0x38-0x3f) (0x40-0x5F) (0x60-0x6F) 0x60,2,... = addr[15:8] 0x61,3,... = addr[7:0] C C C C (0x70,072) 0x70 is implemented for each logical device. Refer to Interrupt Configuration Register description. Only the keyboard controller uses Interrupt Select register 0x72. Unused register (0x72) will ignore writes and return zero when read. Interrupts default to edge high (ISA compatible). C 179 LOGICAL DEVICE REGISTER ADDRESS (0x71,0x73) DESCRIPTION Reserved - not implemented. These register locations ignore writes and return zero when read. Only 0x74 is implemented for FDC, Serial Port 2 and Parallel port. 0x75 is not implemented and ignores writes and returns zero when read. Refer to DMA Channel Configuration. Reserved - not implemented. These register locations ignore writes and return zero when read. Reserved - not implemented. These register locations ignore writes and return zero when read. Reserved - Vendor Defined (see SMSC defined Logical Device Configuration Registers) Reserved STATE DMA Channel Select Default = 0x04 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 32-Bit Memory Space Configuration Logical Device Logical Device Config. Reserved (0x74,0x75) C (0x76-0xA8) (0xA9-0xDF) (0xE0-0xFE) 0xFF C C C Note 1:A logical device will be active and powered up according to the following equation: DEVICE ON (ACTIVE) = (Activate Bit SET or Pwr/Control Bit SET). The Logical device's Activate Bit and its Pwr/Control Bit are linked such that setting or clearing one sets or clears the other. Note: If the I/O Base Addr of the logical device is not within the Base I/O range as shown in the Logical Device I/O map, then read or write is not valid and is ignored. Note 2. The activate bit for Logical Device 5 (Serial Port 2) is reset on Vtr POR only. 180 I/O Base Address Configuration Register TABLE 73 - I/O BASE ADDRESS CONFIGURATION REGISTER DESCRIPTION BASE I/O FIXED RANGE LOGICAL REGISTER INDEX BASE OFFSETS (NOTE3) DEVICE +0 : SRA FDC 0x60,0x61 [0x100:0x0FF8] +1 : SRB (Note 4) ON 8 BYTE BOUNDARIES +2 : DOR +3 : TSR +4 : MSR/DSR +5 : FIFO +7 : DIR/CCR Parallel Port 0x60,0x61 [0x100:0x0FFC] ON 4 BYTE BOUNDARIES (EPP Not supported) or [0x100:0x0FF8] ON 8 BYTE BOUNDARIES (all modes supported, EPP is only available when the base address is on an 8byte boundary) +0 : Data|ecpAfifo +1 : Status +2 : Control +3 : EPP Address +4 : EPP Data 0 +5 : EPP Data 1 +6 : EPP Data 2 +7 : EPP Data 3 +400h : cfifo|ecpDfifo|tfifo |cnfgA +401h : cnfgB +402h : ecr +0 : RB/TB|LSB div +1 : IER|MSB div +2 : IIR/FCR +3 : LCR +4 : MSR +5 : LSR +6 : MSR +7 : SCR +0 : RB/TB|LSB div +1 : IER|MSB div +2 : IIR/FCR +3 : LCR +4 : MSR +5 : LSR +6 : MSR +7 : SCR LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER 0x00 0x03 0x04 Serial Port 1 0x60,0x61 [0x100:0x0FF8] ON 8 BYTE BOUNDARIES 0x05 Serial Port 2 0x60,0x61 [0x100:0x0FF8] ON 8 BYTE BOUNDARIES 181 LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER LOGICAL DEVICE REGISTER INDEX 0x62,0x63 BASE I/O RANGE (NOTE3) [0x100:0x0FF8] ON 8 BYTE BOUNDARIES 0x06 RTC n/a Not Relocatable Fixed Base Address: 70,71 [0x00:0xFFE] ON 2 BYTE BOUNDARIES Not Relocatable Fixed Base Address: 60,64 [0x00:0x0FE7] ON 24 BYTE BOUNDARIES FIXED BASE OFFSETS +0 : CIR Registers +1 : CIR Registers +2 : CIR Registers +3 : CIR Registers +4 : CIR Registers +5 : CIR Registers +6 : CIR Registers +7 : CIR Registers +0: Index Register +1: Data Register +0: Index Register +1: Data Register +0 : Data Register +4 : Command/Status Reg. 0x62, 0x63 0x07 KYBD n/a 0x0A ACPI 0x60,0x61 Note 3:This chip uses ISA address bits [A11:A0] to decode the base address of each of its logical devices. 182 Interrupt Select Configuration Register TABLE 74 - INTERRUPT SELECT CONFIGURATION REGISTER DESCRIPTION NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE Interrupt Request Level Select 0 Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0x70 (R/W) Bits[3:0] selects which interrupt level is used for Interrupt 0. 0x00=no interrupt selected. 0x01=IRQ1 0x02=IRQ2 * * * 0x0E=IRQ14 0x0F=IRQ15 Note: All interrupts are edge high (except ECP/EPP) C Note: It is the responsibility of the software to ensure that two IRQ's are not set to the same IRQ number. An Interrupt is activated by setting the Interrupt Request Level Select 0 register to a non-zero value AND: for the FDC logical device by setting DMAEN, bit D3 of the Digital Output Register. for the PP logical device by setting IRQE, bit D4 of the Control Port and in addition for the PP logical device in ECP mode by clearing serviceIntr, bit D2 of the ecr. for the Serial Port logical device by setting any combination of bits D0-D3 in the IER and by setting the OUT2 bit in the UART's Modem Control (MCR) Register. for the RTC by (refer to the RTC section of this spec.) for the KYBD by (refer to the KYBD controller section of this spec.) Note: IRQ pins must tri-state if not used/selected by any Logical Device. Refer to Note A. Note: 183 DMA Channel Select Configuration Register TABLE 75 - DMA CHANNEL SELECT CONFIGURATION REGISTER DESCRIPTION NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE DMA Channel Select Default = 0x04 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0x74 (R/W) Bits[2:0] select the DMA Channel. 0x00=DMA0 0x01=DMA1 0x02=DMA2 0x03=DMA3 0x04-0x07= No DMA active C Note: A DMA channel is activated by setting the DMA Channel Select register to [0x00-0x03] AND : for the FDC logical device by setting DMAEN, bit D3 of the Digital Output Register. for the PP logical device in ECP mode by setting dmaEn, bit D3 of the ecr. for the UART 2 logical device, by setting the DMA Enable bit. Refer to the IRCC specification. Note:DMAREQ pins must tri-state if not used/selected by any Logical Device. Refer to Note A. Note A. Logical Device IRQ and DMA Operation 1) IRQ and DMA Enable and Disable: Any time the IRQ or DACK for a logical block is disabled by a register bit in that logical block, the IRQ and/or DACK must be disabled. This is in addition to the IRQ and DACK disabled by the Configuration Registers (active bit or address not valid). FDC: For the following cases, the IRQ and DACK used by the FDC are disabled (high impedance). Will not respond to the DREQ. a) Digital Output Register (Base+2) bit D3 (DMAEN) set to "0". b) The FDC is in power down (disabled). Serial Port 1 and 2: Modem Control Register (MCR) Bit D2 (OUT2) - When OUT2 is a logic "0", the serial port interrupt is forced to a high impedance state - disabled. Parallel Port: SPP and EPP modes: Control Port (Base+2) bit D4 (IRQE) set to "0", IRQ is disabled (high impedance). 2) 3) 4) 184 a) ECP Mode: i) (DMA) dmaEn from ecr register. See table. ii) IRQ - See table. MODE (FROM ECR REGISTER) 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 5) PRINTER SPP FIFO ECP EPP RES TEST CONFIG IRQ PIN CONTROLLED BY IRQE IRQE (on) (on) IRQE IRQE (on) IRQE PDREQ PIN CONTROLLED BY dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn dmaEn Real Time Clock and Keyboard Controller: Refer to the RTC and KBD section of this spec. SMSC Defined Logical Device Configuration Registers The SMSC Specific Logical Device Configuration Registers reset to their default values only on hard resets generated by Vcc POR or VTR POR or VBAT POR (as shown) or the RESET_DRV signal. 185 These registers are not affected by soft resets. TABLE 76 - FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER, LOGICAL DEVICE 0 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X00] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE FDD Mode Register Default = 0x0E on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF0 R/W Bit[0] Floppy Mode = 0Normal Floppy Mode (default) = 1 Enhanced Floppy Mode 2 (OS2) Bit[1] FDC DMA Mode = 0 Burst Mode is enabled = 1 Non-Burst Mode (default) Bit[3:2] Interface Mode = 11 AT Mode (default) = 10 (Reserved) = 01 PS/2 = 00 Model 30 Bit[4] Swap Drives 0,1 Mode = 0 No swap (default) = 1 Drive and Motor sel 0 and 1 are swapped. Bits[5] Reserved, set to zero. Bit [6] Output Type Control: 0= FDC outputs are OD24 open drain (default) 1= FDC outputs are O24 push-pull. Bit [7] FDC output Control: 0= FDC outputs active (default) 1= FDC outputs tristated Note: these bits do not affect the parallel port FDC pins. FDD Option Register Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF1 R/W Bits[1:0] Reserved, set to zero Bits[3:2] Density Select = 00 Normal (default) = 01 Normal (reserved for users) = 10 1 (forced to logic "1") = 11 0 (forced to logic "0") Bit[5:4] Reserved, set to zero Bits[7:6] Boot Floppy = 00 FDD 0 (default) = 01 FDD 1 = 10 Reserved (neither drive A or B is a boot drive). = 11 Reserved (neither drive A or B is a boot drive). Bits[1:0] Bits[3:2] Bits[5:4] type) Bits[7:6] type) Floppy Drive A Type Floppy Drive B Type Reserved (could be used to store Floppy Drive C Reserved (could be used to store Floppy Drive D Note: The FDC37B78x supports two floppy drives 0xF3 R Reserved, Read as 0 (read only) C C C FDD Type Register Default = 0xFF on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF2 R/W C 186 NAME FDD0 Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv REG INDEX 0xF4 R/W DEFINITION Bits[1:0] Drive Type Select: DT1, DT0 Bits[2] Read as 0 (read only) Bits[4:3] Data Rate Table Select: DRT1, DRT0 Bits[5] Read as 0 (read only) Bits[6] Precompensation Disable PTS =0 Use Precompensation =1 No Precompensation Bits[7] Read as 0 (read only) Refer to definition and default for 0xF4 STATE C FDD1 0xF5 R/W C 187 Parallel Port, Logical Device 3 TABLE 77 - PARALLEL PORT, LOGICAL DEVICE 3 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X03] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE PP Mode Register Default = 0x3C on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF0 R/W Bits[2:0] Parallel Port Mode = 100 Printer Mode (default) = 000 Standard and Bi-directional (SPP) Mode = 001 EPP-1.9 and SPP Mode = 101 EPP-1.7 and SPP Mode = 010 ECP Mode = 011 ECP and EPP-1.9 Mode = 111 ECP and EPP-1.7 Mode Bit[6:3] ECP FIFO Threshold 0111b (default) Bit[7] PP Interupt Type Not valid when the parallel port is in the Printer Mode (100) or the Standard & Bi-directional Mode (000). = 1 Pulsed Low, released to high-Z. = 0 IRQ follows nACK when parallel port in EPP Mode or [Printer,SPP, EPP] under ECP. IRQ level type when the parallel port is in ECP, TEST, or Centronics FIFO Mode. PP Mode Register 2 Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF1 R/W Bits[1:0] PPFDC - muxed PP/FDC control = 00 Normal Parallel Port Mode = 01 PPFD1:Drive 0 is on the FDC pins Drive 1 is on the Parallel port pins Drive 2 is on the FDC pins Drive 3 is on the FDC pins = 10 PPFD2:Drive 0 is on the Parallel port pins Drive 1 is on the Parallel port pins Drive 2 is on the FDC pins Drive 3 is on the FDC pins Bits[7:2] Reserved. Set to zero. C 188 Serial Port 1, Logical Device 4 TABLE 78 - SERIAL PORT 1, LOGICAL DEVICE 4 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X04] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE Serial Port 1 Mode Register Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF0 R/W Bit[0] MIDI Mode = 0 MIDI support disabled (default) = 1 MIDI support enabled Bit[1] High Speed = 0 High Speed Disabled(default) = 1 High Speed Enabled Bit[6:2] Reserved, set to zero Bit[7]: Share IRQ =0 UARTS use different IRQs =1 UARTS share a common IRQ See Note 1 below. Note 1: To properly share and IRQ, 1. Configure UART1 (or UART2) to use the desired IRQ pin. 2. Configure UART2 (or UART1) to use No IRQ selected. 3. Set the share IRQ bit. Note: If both UARTs are configured to use different IRQ pins and the share IRQ bit is set, then both of the UART IRQ pins will assert when either UART generates an interrupt. C 189 TABLE 79 - UART INTERRUPT OPERATION UART2 IRQ PINS UART2 UART2 Share UART1 UART2 IRQ OUT2 bit IRQ State Pin State Pin State Bit This part of the table is based on the assumption that both UARTS have selected different IRQ pins 0 Z 0 Z 0 Z Z 1 asserted 0 Z 0 1 Z 1 de-asserted 0 Z 0 0 Z 0 Z 1 asserted 0 Z 1 0 Z 1 de-asserted 0 Z 0 1 asserted 1 asserted 0 1 1 1 asserted 1 de-asserted 0 1 0 1 de-asserted 1 asserted 0 0 1 1 de-asserted 1 de-asserted 0 0 0 0 Z 0 Z 1 Z Z 1 asserted 0 Z 1 1 1 1 de-asserted 0 Z 1 0 0 0 Z 1 asserted 1 1 1 0 Z 1 de-asserted 1 0 0 1 asserted 1 asserted 1 1 1 1 asserted 1 de-asserted 1 1 1 1 de-asserted 1 asserted 1 1 1 1 de-asserted 1 de-asserted 1 0 0 It is the responsibility of the software to ensure that two IRQ's are not set to the same IRQ number. However, if they are set to the same number then no damage to the chip will result. UART1 UART1 UART1 OUT2 bit IRQ State 190 Serial Port 2, Logical Device 5 TABLE 80 - SERIAL PORT 2, LOGICAL DEVICE 5 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X05] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE Serial Port 2 Mode Register Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv IR Option Register Default = 0x02 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF1 R/W (EN 1) 0xF0 R/W Bit[0] MIDI Mode = 0MIDI support disabled (default) = 1MIDI support enabled Bit[1] High Speed = 0High Speed disabled(default) = 1High Speed enabled Bit[7:2] Reserved, set to zero Bit[0] Receive Polarity = 0 Active High (Default) = 1 Active Low Bit[1] Transmit Polarity = 0 Active High = 1 Active Low (Default) Bit[2] Duplex Select = 0 Full Duplex (Default) = 1 Half Duplex Bits[5:3] IR Mode = 000 Standard (Default) = 001 IrDA = 010 ASK-IR = 011 Reserved = 1xx Reserved Bit[6] IR Location Mux = 0 Use Serial port TXD2 and RXD2 (Default) = 1Use alternate IRRX2 (pin 81) and IRTX2 (pin 82) Bit[7] Reserved, write 0 Bits [7:0] These bits set the half duplex time-out for the IR port. This value is 0 to 10msec in 100usec increments. 0= blank during transmit/receive 1= blank during transmit/receive + 100usec ... C C IR Half Duplex Timeout Default = 0x03 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF2 191 RTC, Logical Device 6 TABLE 81 - RTC, LOGICAL DEVICE 6 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X06] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE RTC Mode Register Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF0 R/W Bit[0] = 1 : Lock CMOS RAM 00-1Fh in Bank 1 Bit[1] = 1 : Lock CMOS RAM 20-3Fh in Bank 1 Bit[2] = 1 : Lock CMOS RAM 40-5Fh in Bank 1 Bit[3] = 1 : Lock CMOS RAM 60-7Fh in Bank 1 Bits[5:4] RTC Bank Selection =00 Bank 1 at Secondary Base Address, Bank 0 Off (Default) =01 Bank 0 at 70h and Bank 1 at Secondary Base Address (Note 1) =10 No Bank Selected =11 Bank 0 at 70h, Bank 1 Off Bit[7:6] Reserved Note: Once set, bits[3:0] can not be cleared by a write; bits[3:0] are cleared only on Vcc Power On Reset or upon a Hard Reset. Note 1: The secondary base address must be set to a value other than 70h prior to selecting this option. C 192 KYBD, Logical Device 7 TABLE 82 - KYBD, LOGICAL DEVICE 7 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X07] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE KRST_GA20 Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF0 R/W KRESET and GateA20 Select Bit[7] Polarity Select for P12 = 0 P12 active low (default) = 1 P12 active high Bits[6:3] Reserved Bit[2] Port 92 Select = 0 Port 92 Disabled = 1 Port 92 Enabled Bit[1] GATEA20 Select = 0 Software Control = 1 Hardware Speed-up Bit[0] KRESET Select = 0 Software Control = 1 Hardware Speed-up Reserved - read as `0' 0xF1 0xFF 193 Auxiliary I/O, Logical Device 8 TABLE 83 - AUXILLIARY I/O, LOGICAL DEVICE 8 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X08] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE C 0xB0 R/W The following bits are the enables for the wake-up Soft Power Enable function of the nPowerOn bit. When enabled, Register 1 these bits allow their corresponding function to turn on power to the system. Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 1 = ENABLED 0 = DISABLED Bit[0] SP_RI1: UART 1 Ring Indicator Pin Bit[1] SP_RI2: UART 2 Ring Indicator Pin Bit[2] SP_KCLK: Keyboard Clock pin Bit[3] SP_MCLK: Mouse Clock pin Bit[4] SP_GPINT1: Group Interrupt 1 Bit[5] SP_GPINT2: Group Interrupt 2 Bit[6] SP_IRRX2: IRRX2 input pin Bit[7] SP_RTC ALARM: RTC Alarm C 0xB1 R/W The following bits are the enables for the wake-up Soft Power Enable function of the nPowerOn bit. When enabled, Register 2 these bits allow their corresponding function to turn on power to the system. Default = 0x80 on Vbat POR 1 = ENABLED 0 = DISABLED Bit[0] SP_RXD1: UART 1 Receive Data Pin Bit[1] SP_RXD2: UART 2 Receive Data Pin Bit[2] Reserved Bit[3] RING Enable bit "RING_EN" 0=Disable. 1=Enable ring indicator on nRING pin as wakeup function to activate nPowerOn. Bit[4] Reserved Bit[5] CIR Enable bit "CIR_EN" 0=Disable. 1=Enable CIR wakeup event to activate nPowerOn Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] OFF_EN: After power up, this bit defaults to 1, i.e., enabled. This bit allows the software to enable or disable the button control of power off. 194 NAME Soft Power Status Register 1 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR REG INDEX 0xB2 R/W DEFINITION The following bits are the status for the wake-up function of the nPowerOn bit. These indicate which of the enabled wakeup functions caused the power up. 1 = Occured 0 = Did not occur since last cleared The following signals are latched to detect and hold the soft power event (Type 1) (Note 1) Bit[0] RI1: UART 1 Ring Indicator; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[1] RI2: UART 2 Ring Indicator; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[2] KCLK: Keyboard clock; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[3] MCLK: Mouse clock; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[6] IRRX2: IRRX2 input; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[7] RTC ALARM: RTC Alarm; status of the RTC Alarm internal signal. Cleared by a read of the status register. The following signals are not latched to detect and hold the soft power event (Type 2) (Note 1) Bit[4] GPINT1: Group Interrupt 1; status of the GPINT1 internal signal. Cleared at the source Bit[5] GPINT2: Group Interrupt 2; status of the GPINT2 internal signal. Cleared at the source STATE C 195 NAME Soft Power Status Register 2 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR REG INDEX 0xB3 R/W DEFINITION The following bits are the status for the wake-up function of the nPowerOn bit. These indicate which of the enabled wakeup functions caused the power up. 1 = Occured 0 = Did not occur since last cleared The following signals are latched to detect and hold the soft power event (Type 1) (Note 1) Bit[0] RXD1: UART 1 Receive Data; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[1] RXD2: UART 2 Receive Data; high to low transition on the pin, cleared by a read of this register Bit[3] RING Status bit "RING_STS"; Latched, cleared on read. 0= nRING input did not occur. 1= Ring indicator input occurred on the nRING pin and, if enabled, caused the wakeup (activated nPowerOn) Bit[4] Reserved Bit[5] CIR Status bit "CIR_STS"; latched, cleared on read. 0= CIR wakeup event did not occur. 1= CIR wakeup event occurred and, if enabled, caused the wakeup (activated nPowerOn). The following signal is latched to detect and hold the soft power event (Type 3) (Note 1) but the output of the latch does not feed into the power down circuitry: Bit[2] Button: Button pressed, Cleared by a read of this register Bits[7:6] Reserved STATE C 196 NAME Delay 2 Time Set Register Default = 0x00 on VTR POR REG INDEX 0xB8 R/W DEFINITION This register is used to set Delay 2 (for Soft Power Management) to a value from 500 msec to 32 sec. The default value is 500msec. Engineering Note: this delay is started if OFF_EN is enabled and OFF_DLY was set and a Button Input comes in. Bits[5:0] The value of these bits correspond to the delay time as follows: 000000= 500msec min to 510msec max 000001= 1sec min to 1.01sec max 000010= 1.5sec min to 1.51sec max 000011= 2sec min to 2.01sec max ... 111111 = 32sec min to 32.01sec max Bits[7:6] Reserved STATE C 197 NAME IRQ Mux Control Register Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR REG INDEX 0XC0 R/W DEFINITION This register is used to configure the IRQs, including PME, SCI and SMI. Bit[0] Serial/Parallel IRQs 0=Serial IRQs are used 1=Parallel IRQS are used Note 1: This bit does not control the RTC IRQ, SCI or SMI interrupts. See bits 1,2,7 of this register. Note 2: If set, the BIOS buffer is disabled. Also, the SER_IRQ and PCI_CLK pins are disabled, and these pins function as IRQ15 and IRQ14, respectively. Note 3: Select IRQ9 below. Select RTC IRQ and SCI below. Select nSMI through the SMI register. Bit[1] RTC IRQ Select. 0=RTC IRQ on serial IRQ frame 1=RTC IRQ on IRQx pin Bit[2] SCI Select 0=SCI is on serial IRQ frame 1=SCI is on IRQx pin Note: Serial IRQs are not available under VTR power. Bit[3] SCI Polarity Select (EN1) 0=SCI active low 1=SCI active high Bit[4] SCI Buffer Type (EN1) 0=Push-pull 1=Open drain Bit[6:5] SCI/PME/IRQ9 Pin select 00=Pin 21 is used for nPME signal. 01=Pin 21 is used for SCI. 10=Pin 21 is used for IRQ9. 11=Reserved Engineering Note: If bit 5 is set, this overrides the setting of the IRQ for SCI in Config Register 0x70 of Logical Device A. See the logic in the SCI section. Enginreering Note: This bit selects the buffer type of the pin as follows: if nPME is selected, it is active low OD; if SCI is selected, the buffer type and polarity are selected through bits 3 and 4 of this register; if IRQ9 is selected, it is an active high push-pull output. Bit[7] SMI Select 0=SMI is on serial IRQ frame (IRQ2) 1=SMI is on nSMI pin Engineering Note: the polarity and buffer type of the SMI pin is selected through the GPIO registers (default is active low open drain). STATE 198 NAME Forced Disk Change Default = 0x03 on VTR POR REG INDEX 0xC1 R/W DEFINITION Force Change 1 and Force Change 0 can be written to 1 are not clearable by software. Force Change 1 is cleared on (nSTEP AND nDS1) Force Change 0 is cleared on (nSTEP AND nDS0). DSK CHG (Floppy DIR Register, Bit 7) = (nDS0 AND Force Change 0) OR (nDS1 AND Force Change 1) OR nDSKCHG. Setting either of the Force Disk Change bits active (1) forces the FDD nDSKCHG input active when the appropriate drive has been selected. Bit[0] Force Change for FDC0 0=Inactive 1=Active Bit[1] Force Change for FDC1 0=Inactive 1=Active Bit[2:7] Reserved, Reads 0 Floppy Data Rate Select Shadow Register Bit[7] Soft Reset Bit[6] Power Down Bit[5] Reserved Bit[4] PRECOMP 2 Bit[3] PRECOMP 1 Bit[2] PRECOMP 0 Bit[1] Data Rate Select 1 Bit[0] Data Rate Select 0 UART1 FIFO Control Shadow Register Bit[7] RCVR Trigger MSB Bit[6] RCVR Trigger LSB Bit[5] Reserved Bit[4] Reserved Bit[3] DMA Mode Select Bit[2] XMIT FIFO Reset Bit[1] RCVR FIFO Reset Bit[0] FIFO Enable UART2 FIFO Control Shadow Register Bit[7] RCVR Trigger MSB Bit[6] RCVR Trigger LSB Bit[5] Reserved Bit[4] Reserved Bit[3] DMA Mode Select Bit[2] XMIT FIFO Reset Bit[1] RCVR FIFO Reset Bit[0] FIFO Enable STATE Floppy Data Rate Select Shadow 0xC2 R UART1 FIFO Control Shadow 0xC3 R UART2 FIFO Control Shadow 0xC4 R 199 NAME Forced Write Protect Default = 0x00 on VTR POR REG INDEX 0xC5 R/W DEFINITION Force Write Protect function forces the FDD nWRTPRT input active if the FORCE WRTPRT bit is active. The Force Write Protect function applies to the nWRTPRT pin in the FDD Interface as well as the nWRTPRT pin in the Parallel Port FDC. Bit[0] Force Write Protect bit FDD0 0 = Inactive (Default) 1 = Active "forces the FDD nWRTPRT input active when the drive has been selected" Note 2 Bit[1:7] Reserved, reads 0. This register is used to select the operation of the ring indicator on the nRI1, nRI2 and nRING pins. Bit[0]: 1=Enable detection of pulse train of frequency 15Hz or higher for 200msec and generate an active low pulse for its duration to use as the ring indicator function on nRING pin. The leading high-to-low edge is the trigger for the ring indication. 0=Ring indicate function is high-to-low transition on the nRING pin. Bit[1]: 1=Enable detection of pulse train of frequency 15Hz or higher and generate an active low pulse for its duration to use for 200msec as the ring indicator function on nRI1 pin. The leading high-to-low edge is the trigger for the ring indication. 0=Ring indicate function is high-to-low transition on the nRI1 pin. Bit[2]: 1=Enable detection of pulse train of frequency 15Hz or higher and generate an active low pulse for its duration to use for 200msec as the ring indicator function on nRI2 pin. The leading high-to-low edge is the trigger for the ring indication. 0=Ring indicate function is high-to-low transition on the nRI2 pin. Bits[7:3] Reserved STATE Ring Filter Select Register Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR Note 3 0xC6 R/W C Note 1: There are three types of events Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3. Type 1: This is an event that comes from a pin or internal signal to the chip. This needs to be edge detected and latched until cleared by a read of the register. The output of the latch is used to turn on the power supply through the "or" logic. Type 2:This is an event that comes from a pin or internal signal to the chip. This does not need to be edge detected and latched. Cleared at the source. Type 3: This is an event that comes from a pin or internal signal to the chip. This needs to be edge detected and latched until cleared by a read of the register. The output of the latch is not used to turn on the power supply through the "or" logic. 200 Note 2: nWRTPRT (to the FDC Core) = (nDS0 AND FORCE WRTPRT 0) OR nWRTPRT (from the FDD Interface). The Force Write Protect 0 bit also applies to the Parallel Port FDC. This bit applies to both drives. Note 3: The ring wakeup filter will produce an active low pulse for the period of time that nRING, nRI1 and/or nRI2, nRI1 and/or nRI2 is toggling. 201 TABLE 84 - AUXILLIARY I/O, LOGICAL DEVICE 8 [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X08] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE GP10 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE0 General Purpose I/0 bit 1.0 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 nSMI =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 1.1 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 GPI/O =01 nRING =10 Either Edge Triggered Interrupt 1 =11 Reserved Bits[6:5] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull Bit General Purpose I/0 bit 1.2 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity :=1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 GPI/O =01 WDT =10 P17 =11 Either Edge Triggered Interupt 2 Bits[6:5] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull Bit General Purpose I/0 bit 1.3 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output C GP11 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE1 C GP12 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE2 C GP13 0xE3 C 202 NAME Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR REG INDEX DEFINITION Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 LED =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull Bit General Purpose I/0 bit 1.4 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 IRRX2 =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull Bit General Purpose I/0 bit 1.5 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 IRTX2 =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 1.6 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 nMTR1 =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved STATE GP14 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE4 C GP15 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xE5 C GP16 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE6 C 203 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull Bit STATE GP17 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xE7 General Purpose I/0 bit 1.7 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 1 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 1 Bit[3] Function Select =1 nDS1 =0 GPI/O Bits[6:4] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 5.0 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 PCI Clock =01 IRQ14 =10 GPI/O =11 Reserved Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 5.2 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 DRVDEN1 =01 GPIO =10 IRQ8 =11 nSMI Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain C GP50 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xC8 GP52 Default =0x09 on Vbat POR 0xCA 204 NAME GP53 Default =0x01 on Vbat POR REG INDEX 0xCB DEFINITION 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 5.3 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 nROMCS =01 IRQ11 =10 GPI/O =11 Either Edge Triggered Interrupt 3 Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 5.4 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 nROMOE =01 IRQ12 =10 GPI/O =11 Either Edge Triggered Interrupt 4 Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.0 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD0 =01 IRQ1 =10 GPI/O =11 nSMI Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select STATE GP54 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xCC GP60 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD0 205 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.1 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD1 =01 IRQ3 =10 GPI/O =11 LED Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.2 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD2 =01 IRQ4 =10 GPI/O =11 nRING Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.3 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD3 =01 IRQ5 =10 GPI/O =11 WDT Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved STATE GP61 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD1 GP62 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD2 GP63 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD3 206 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.4 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD4 =01 IRQ6 =10 GPI/O =11 P17 Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.5 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD5 =01 IRQ7 =10 GPI/O =11 Reserved Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.6 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD6 =01 IRQ8 =10 GPI/O =11 Reserved Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 STATE GP64 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD4 GP65 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD5 GP66 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD6 207 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/0 bit 6.7 Bit[0] In/Out : =1 Input, =0 Output Bit[1] Polarity : =1 Invert, =0 No Invert Bit[2] Reserved Bit[4:3] Function Select =00 RD7 =01 IRQ10 =10 GPI/O =11 Reserved Bit[5] Group Interrupt Enable =1 Enable Combined IRQ 2 =0 Disable Combined IRQ 2 Bit[6] Reserved Bit[7] Output Type Select 1=Open Drain 0=Push Pull General Purpose I/O Combined Interrupt 2 Bits[2:0] Reserved, = 000 Bit[3] GP IRQ Filter Select 0 = Debounce Filter Bypassed 1 = Debounce Filter Enabled Bits[7:4] Combined IRQ mapping 1111 = IRQ15 ......... 0011 = IRQ3 0010 = Invalid 0001 = IRQ1 0000 = Disable General Purpose I/O Combined Interrupt 1 Bits[2:0] Reserved, = 000 Bit[3] GP IRQ Filter Select 0 = Debounce Filter Bypassed 1 = Debounce Filter Enabled Bits[7:4] Combined IRQ mapping 1111 = IRQ15 ......... 0011 = IRQ3 0010 = Invalid 0001 = IRQ1 0000 = Disable Watch Dog Timer Units Bits[6:0] Reserved, = 00000 Bit[7] WDT Time-out Value Units Select STATE GP67 Default = 0x01 on Vbat POR 0xD7 GP_INT2 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xEF GP_INT1 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xF0 C WDT_UNITS 0xF1 C 208 NAME Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv REG INDEX DEFINITION = 0 Minutes (default) = 1 Seconds Note: if the logical device's activate bit is not set then bits 0 and 1 have no effect. STATE WDT_VAL Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF2 Watch-dog Timer Time-out Value Binary coded, units = minutes(default) or seconds, selectable via Bit[7] of Reg 0xF1, LD 8. 0x00 Time out disabled 0x01 Time-out = 1 minute/second ......... 0xFF Time-out = 255 minutes/seconds Watch-dog timer Configuration Bit[0] Joy-stick Enable =1WDT is reset upon an I/O read or write of the Game Port =0WDT is not affected by I/O reads or writes to the Game Port. Bit[1] Keyboard Enable =1WDT is reset upon a Keyboard interrupt. =0WDT is not affected by Keyboard interrupts. Bit[2] Mouse Enable =1WDT is reset upon a Mouse interrupt =0WDT is not affected by Mouse interrupts. Bit[3] PWRLED Time-out enable =1Enables the Power LED to toggle at a 1Hz rate with 50 percent duty cycle while the Watch-dog Status bit is set. =0Disables the Power LED toggle during Watch-dog timeout status. Bits[7:4] WDT Interrupt Mapping 1111 = IRQ15 ......... 0011 = IRQ3 0010 = Invalid 0001 = IRQ1 0000 = Disable Watch-dog timer Control Bit[0] Watch-dog Status Bit, R/W =1WD timeout occured =0WD timer counting Bit[1] Power LED Toggle Enable, R/W =1Toggle Power LED at 1Hz rate with 50 percent duty cycle. (1/2 sec. on, 1/2 sec. off) =0Disable Power LED Toggle Bit[2] Force Timeout, W =1Forces WD timeout event; this bit is self-clearing Bit[3] P20 Force Timeout Enable, R/W C WDT_CFG Default = 0x00 on Vcc POR or Reset_Drv 0xF3 C WDT_CTRL Default = 0x00 Cleared by VTR POR 0xF4 C 209 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION = 1Allows rising edge of P20, from the Keyboard Controller, to force the WD timeout event. A WD timeout event may still be forced by setting the Force Timeout Bit, bit 2. = 0P20 activity does not generate the WD timeout event. Note: The P20 signal will remain high for a minimum of 1us and can remain high indefinitely. Therefore, when P20 forced timeouts are enabled, a self-clearing edge-detect circuit is used to generate a signal which is ORed with the signal generated by the Force Timeout Bit. Bit[4] Reserved. Set to 0. Bit[5] Stop_Cnt: This is used to terminate Delay 2 (Note 1) without generating a power down. This is used if the software determines that the power down should be aborted. When read, this bit indicates the following: Stop_Cnt = 0; Counter running Stop_Cnt = 1; Counter Stopped. Note: The write is self clearing. Bit[6] Restart_Cnt: This is used to restart Delay 2 (Note 1) from the button input to the generation of the power down. When restarted, the count will start over and delay the power down for the time that Delay 2 is set for (Default=500msec). The software can continue to do this indefinately with out allowing a powerdown. This bit is self clearing. 1=Restart; Automatically cleared. Bit[7] SPOFF: This is used to force a software power down. This bit is self clearing. Note 1: This delay is programmable via the Delay 2 Time Set Register at Logical Device 8, 0xB8. This register is used to read the value of the GPIO pins. Bit[0]: GP10 Bit[1]: GP11 Bit[2]: GP12 Bit[3]: GP13 Bit[4]: GP14 Bit[5]: GP15 Bit[6]: GP16 Bit[7]: GP17 This register is used to read the value of the GPIO pins. Bit[0]: GP50 Bit[1]: Reserved Bit[2]: GP52 STATE GP1 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xF6 GP5 Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xF9 210 NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE Bit[3]: GP53 Bit[4]: GP54 Bit[7:5]: Reserved 0xFA This register is used to read the value of the GPIO GP6 pins. Bit[0]: GP60 Default = 0x00 Bit[1]: GP61 on Vbat POR Bit[2]: GP62 Bit[3]: GP63 Bit[4]: GP64 Bit[5]: GP65 Bit[6]: GP66 Bit[7]: GP67 Note:Registers GP1, WDT_CTRL, GP5-6, Soft Power Enable and Status Registers are also available at index 01-0F when not in configuration mode. Note: GP10-17 can be enabled onto GPINT1; GP50-54 and GP60-67 can be enabled onto GPINT2. 211 ACPI, Logical Device A TABLE 85 - ACPI, LOGICAL DEVICE A [LOGICAL DEVICE NUMBER = 0X0A] NAME REG INDEX DEFINITION STATE Sleep/Wake Configuration Default = 0x00 on Vbat POR 0xF0 This register is used to configure the functionality of the SLP_EN bit and its associated logic, and the WAK_STS bit bit and its associated logic. It also contains the CIR PLL Power bit. Bit[0] SLP_CTRL. SLP_EN Bit Function. 0=Default. Writing `1' to the SLP_EN bit causes the system to sequence into the sleeping state associated with the SLP_TYPx fields. 1=Writing `1' to the SLP_EN bit does not cause the system to sequence into the sleeping state associated with the SLP_TYPx fields; instead an SMI is generated. Note: the SLP_EN_SMI bit in the SMI Status Register 2 is set whenever `1' is written to the SLP_EN bit; it is enabled to generate an SMI through bit[0] of this register. Bit[1] WAK_CTRL. WAK_STS Bit Function 0=Default. The WAK_STS bit is set on the high-to-low transition of nPowerOn. 1=The WAK_STS bit is set upon any enabled wakeup event and the high-to-low transition of nPowerOn. Bits[2:6] Reserved Bit[7]: CIR PLL Power. 0=Default. The 32KHz clock PLL is unpowered 1=The 32KHz clock PLL is running and can replace the 14.318MHz clock source for the CIR wakeup event. C 212 OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION MAXIMUM GUARANTEED RATINGS Operating Temperature Range.....................................................................................................0oC to +70oC Storage Temperature Range ..................................................................................................... -55o to +150oC Lead Temperature Range (soldering, 10 seconds) ...............................................................................+325oC Positive Voltage on any pin, with respect to Ground ...........................................................................Vcc+0.3V Negative Voltage on any pin, with respect to Ground............................................................................... -0.3V Maximum Vcc ............................................................................................................................................... +7V *Stresses above those listed above could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note: When powering this device from laboratory or system power supplies, it is important that the Absolute Maximum Ratings not be exceeded or device failure can result. Some power supplies exhibit voltage spikes on their outputs when the AC power is switched on or off. In addition, voltage transients on the AC power line may appear on the DC output. If this possibility exists, it is suggested that a clamp circuit be used. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 0C - 70C, Vcc = +5 V 10%) PARAMETER SYMBOL I Type Input Buffer Low Input Level High Input Level IS Type Input Buffer Low Input Level High Input Level Schmitt Trigger Hysteresis ICLK Input Buffer Low Input Level High Input Level Input Leakage (All I and IS buffers) Low Input Leakage High Input Leakage IIL IIH -10 -10 +10 +10 A A VIN = 0 VIN = VCC VILCK VIHCK 2.2 0.4 V V VILIS VIHIS VHYS 2.2 250 0.8 V V mV Schmitt Trigger Schmitt Trigger VILI VIHI 2.0 0.8 V V TTL Levels MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS 218 PARAMETER IO4 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage O4 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage O8 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage IO12 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage O12 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage OD12 Type Buffer Low Output Level Output Leakage SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 4 mA IOH = -2 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 4 mA IOH = -2 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 8 mA IOH = -4 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 12 mA IOH = -6 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 12 mA IOH = -6 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL IOL -10 0.4 +10 V A IOL = 12 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) 219 PARAMETER IOP14 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage Backdrive Protected OD14 Type Buffer Low Output Level Output Leakage OP14 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage Backdrive Protected IOD16 Type Buffer Low Output Level Output Leakage O24 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS VOL VOH IOL IIL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 14 mA IOH = -14 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) VCC=0V; VCC=VTR =0V VIN = 6V Max +10 10 A A VOL IOL -10 0.4 +10 V A IOL = 14 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) VOL VOH IOL IIL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 14 mA IOH = -14 mA VIN = 0 to VCC VCC=0V; VCC=VTR =0V VIN = 6V Max +10 10 A A VOL IOL -10 0.4 V A IOL = 16 mA VIN = 0 to VCC VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 24 mA IOH = -12 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A 220 PARAMETER IO24 Type Buffer Low Output Level High Output Level Output Leakage OD24 Type Buffer Low Output Level Output Leakage ChiProtect (SLCT, PE, BUSY, nACK, nERROR, GP10-GP17, GP50GP54, GP60-GP67,) Backdrive (nSTROBE, nAUTOFD, nINIT, nSLCTIN, PD0-PD7, GP10GP17, GP50-GP54, GP60GP67, nSMI, IRQ8) VCC Suppy Current Active Trickle Supply Voltage SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS VOL VOH IOL 2.4 -10 0.4 V V IOL = 24 mA IOH = -12 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) +10 A VOL IOL IIL 0.4 +10 10 V A A IOL = 24 mA VIN = 0 to VCC (Note 1) VCC=0V; VCC=VTR =0V VIN = 6V Max VCC=0V; VCC=VTR =0V VIN = 6V Max IIL 10 A ICCI VTR 4.5 VCC min -.5V 70 90 VCC max 25 mA V All outputs open. VCC must not be greater than .5V above VTR All outputs driven VTR Supply Current Active3 Battery Supply Voltage VBAT Supply Current Standby Input Leakage 3 3 IVRI VBAT 2.4 3.0 mA V A nA 4.0 5 100 VCC=VTR=VSS =0V VCC=5V, VBAT=3V Note 1: Output leakage is are measured with the current pins in high impedance. Note 2: Output leakage is measured with the low driving output off, either for a high level output or a high impedance state. Note 3: Please contact SMSC for the latest values. 221 CAPACITANCE TA = 25C; fc = 1MHz; VCC = 5V PARAMETER Clock Input Capacitance Input Capacitance Output Capacitance SYMBOL CIN CIN COUT MIN LIMITS TYP MAX 20 10 20 UNIT pF pF pF TEST CONDITION All pins except pin under test tied to AC ground 222 AC TIMING DIAGRAMS CAPACITIVE LOADING For the Timing Diagrams shown, the following capacitive loads are used. TABLE 86 - CAPACITIVE LOADING NAME SD[0:7] IOCHRDY IRQ[1,3-12,14,15] DRQ[1:3] nWGATE nWDATA nHDSEL nDIR nSTEP nDS[1:0] nMTR[1:0] DRVDEN[1:0] TXD1 nRTS1 nDTR1 TXD2 nRTS2 nDTR2 PD[0:7] nSLCTIN nINIT nALF nSTB KDAT KCLK MDAT MCLK CAPACITANCE TOTAL (pF) 120 120 60 60 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 100 100 100 100 100 100 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 223 IOW Timing Port 92 t3 SAx t4 SD<7:0> nIOW t1 t2 t5 FIGURE 7 - IOW TIMING FOR PORT 92 TABLE 87 - IOW TIMING FOR PORT 92 NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 DESCRIPTION SAx Valid to nIOW Asserted SDATA Valid to nIOW Asserted nIOW Asserted to SAx Invalid nIOW Deasserted to DATA Invalid nIOW Deasserted to nIOW or nIOR Asserted MIN 40 0 10 0 100 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns 224 POWER-UP TIMING t1 Vcc t2 t3 A ll H o s t Accesses FIGURE 8 - POWER-UP TIMING TABLE 88 - POWER-UP TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 DESCRIPTION Vcc Slew from 4.5V to 0V Vcc Slew from 0V to 4.5V All Host Accesses After Powerup (Note 1) MIN 300 100 125 500 TYP MAX UNITS s s s Note 1: Internal write-protection period after Vcc passes 4.5 volts on power-up 225 Button Timing B u tto n _ In tF tR FIGURE 9 - BUTTON INPUT TIMING TABLE 89 - BUTTON INPUT TIMING NAME tR, tF DESCRIPTION Button_In Rise/Fall Time MIN TYP MAX 0.5 UNITS s B u tto n _ In t1 R e le a s e n P o w e rO n t2 B la n k in g P e r io d t3 V cc FIGURE 10 - BUTTON OVERRIDE TIMING TABLE 90 - BUTTON OVERRIDE TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 DESCRIPTION Button_In Hold Time For Override Event Button _In Low To nPowerOn Tristate and Vcc Low and Start of Blanking Period Blanking Period After Release of Button_In MIN 4 TYP 4 4 MAX UNITS s s s 226 ROM INTERFACE nR O M C S nRO M O E t2 t1 R D [x] N o te 1 t5 S D [x] FIGURE 11 - ROM INTERFACE TIMING Note 1: RD[x] driven by FDC37B78x, SD[x] driven by system Note 2: RD[x] driven by ROM, SD[x] driven by FDC37B78x t7 N o te 2 t3 t2 t8 t3 t4 t6 TABLE 91 - ROM INTERFACE TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 DESCRIPTION SD[x] Valid to RD[x] Valid nROMCS Active to RD[X] Driven nROMCS Inactive to RD[X] Float RD[x] Valid to SD[x] Valid nROMCS Active to SD[X] Driven nROMCS Inactive to SD[X] Float nROMOE Active to RD[x] Float nROMOE Inactive to RD[x] Driven MIN TYP MAX 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Note 1: Outputs have a 50 pf load. 227 ISA WRITE t10 AEN t3 SA[x], t2 t1 nIOW t5 SD[x] DATA t7 FINTR t8 PINTR t9 IBF t4 t6 FIGURE 13 - ISA WRITE TIMING TABLE 92 - ISA WRITE TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 DESCRIPTION SA[x], nCS and AEN valid to nIOW asserted nIOW asserted to nIOW deasserted nIOW asserted to SA[x], nCS invalid SD[x] Valid to nIOW deasserted SD[x] Hold from nIOW deasserted nIOW deasserted to nIOW asserted nIOW deasserted to FINTR deasserted (Note 1) nIOW deasserted to PINTER deasserted (Note 2) IBF (internal signal) asserted from nIOW deasserted nIOW deasserted to AEN invalid 10 25 55 260 40 MIN 10 80 10 45 0 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Note 1: FINTR refers to the IRQ used by the floppy disk Note 2: PINTR refers to the IRQ used by the parallel port 228 ISA READ t13 AEN t3 SA[x], nCS t1 t7 nIOR t4 SD[x] PD[x], nERROR, PE, SLCT, ACK, BUSY t10 FINTER t9 PINTER t11 PCOBF t12 AUXOBF1 t8 nIOR/nIOW DATA VALID t5 t2 t6 FIGURE 14 - ISA READ TIMING See timing parameters on next page. 229 TABLE 93 - ISA READ TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t8 t8 t7 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: DESCRIPTION SA[x], nCS and AEN valid to nIOR asserted nIOR asserted to nIOR deasserted nIOR asserted to SA[x], nCS invalid nIOR asserted to Data Valid Data Hold/float from nIOR deasserted nIOR deasserted nIOR asserted after nIOW deasserted nIOR/nIOR, nIOW/nIOW transfers from/to ECP FIFO Parallel Port setup to nIOR asserted nIOR asserted to PINTER deasserted nIOR deasserted to FINTER deasserted nIOR deasserted to PCOBF deasserted (Notes 3,5) nIOR deasserted to AUXOBF1 deasserted (Notes 4,5) nIOW deasserted to AEN invalid FINTR refers to the IRQ used by the floppy disk. PINTR refers to the IRQ used by the parallel port. PCOBF is used for the Keyboard IRQ. AUXOBF1 is used for the Mouse IRQ. Applies only if deassertion is performed in hardware. 10 10 25 80 150 20 55 260 80 80 MIN 10 50 10 50 25 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 230 8042 CPU t2 PCOBF t1 AUXOBF1 nWRT t3 IBF nRD FIGURE 15 - INTERNAL 8042 CPU TIMING TABLE 94 - INTERNAL 8042 CPU TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 DESCRIPTION nWRT deasserted to AUXOBF1 asserted (Notes 1,2) nWRT deasserted to PCOBF asserted (Notes 1,3) nRD deasserted to IBF deasserted (Note 1) MIN TYP MAX 40 40 40 UNITS ns ns ns Note 1: IBF, nWRT and nRD are internal signals. Note 2: PCOBF is used for the Keyboard IRQ. Note 3 AUXOBF1 is used for the Mouse IRQ. 231 CLOCK TIMING t2 CLOCKI t2 FIGURE 16 - INPUT CLOCK TIMING TABLE 95 - INPUT CLOCK TIMING NAME t1 t2 t1 t2 DESCRIPTION Clock Cycle Time for 14.318MHZ Clock High Time/Low Time for 14.318MHz Clock Cycle Time for 32KHZ Clock High Time/Low Time for 32KHz Clock Rise Time/Fall Time (not shown) MIN TYP 70 35 31.25 16.53 5 MAX UNITS ns ns s s ns FIGURE 17 - RESET TIMING t4 RESET_DRV TABLE 96 - RESET TIMING NAME t4 DESCRIPTION RESET width (Note 1) MIN 1.5 TYP MAX UNITS s Note 1: The RESET width is dependent upon the processor clock. The RESET must be active while the clock is running and stable. 232 Single Transfer DMA t15 AEN t16 t3 t2 FDRQ, PDRQ t1 nDACK t12 t14 t11 t6 t5 nIOR or nIOW t7 DATA (DO-D7) t13 TC DATA VALID t8 t4 t10 t9 FIGURE 18 - SINGLE TRANSFER DMA TIMING See timing parameters on next page. 233 TABLE 97 - SINGLE TRANSFER DMA TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 DESCRIPTION nDACK Delay Time from FDRQ High DRQ Reset Delay from nIOR or nIOW FDRQ Reset Delay from nDACK Low nDACK Width nIOR Delay from FDRQ High nIOW Delay from FDRQ High Data Access Time from nIOR Low Data Set Up Time to nIOW High Data to Float Delay from nIOR High Data Hold Time from nIOW High nDACK Set Up to nIOW/nIOR Low nDACK Hold after nIOW/nIOR High TC Pulse Width AEN Set Up to nIOR/nIOW AEN Hold from nDACK TC Active to PDRQ Inactive 40 10 10 5 10 60 40 10 100 60 150 0 0 100 MIN 0 100 100 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 234 Burst Transfer DMA Timing t15 AEN t16 t3 t2 FDRQ, PDRQ t1 nDACK t12 t14 t11 t6 nIOR or nIOW t5 t8 t4 t7 DATA (DO-D7) DATA VALID t13 TC t10 t9 DATA VALID FIGURE 19 - BURST TRANSFER DMA TIMING See timing parameters on next page. 235 TABLE 98 - BURST TRANSFER DMA TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 DESCRIPTION nDACK Delay Time from FDRQ High DRQ Reset Delay from nIOR or nIOW FDRQ Reset Delay from nDACK Low nDACK Width nIOR Delay from FDRQ High nIOW Delay from FDRQ High Data Access Time from nIOR Low Data Set Up Time to nIOW High Data to Float Delay from nIOR High Data Hold Time from nIOW High nDACK Set Up to nIOW/nIOR Low nDACK Hold after nIOW/nIOR High TC Pulse Width AEN Set Up to nIOR/nIOW AEN Hold from nDACK TC Active to PDRQ Inactive 40 10 10 5 10 60 40 10 100 60 150 0 0 100 MIN 0 100 100 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 236 DISK DRIVE TIMING t3 nDIR t4 t1 nSTEP t2 t5 nDS0-3 t6 nINDEX t7 nRDATA t8 nWDATA nIOW t9 nDS0-1, MTR0-1 t9 FIGURE 20 - DISK DRIVE TIMING (AT MODE ONLY) TABLE 99 - DISK DRIVE TIMING (AT MODE ONLY) NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 DESCRIPTION nDIR Set Up to STEP Low nSTEP Active Time Low nDIR Hold Time after nSTEP nSTEP Cycle Time nDS0-1 Hold Time from nSTEP Low nINDEX Pulse Width nRDATA Active Time Low nWDATA Write Data Width Low nDS0-1, MTRO-1 from End of nIOW MIN TYP 4 24 96 132 20 2 40 .5 25 MAX UNITS X* X* X* X* X* X* ns Y* ns *X specifies one MCLK period and Y specifies one WCLK period. MCLK = 16 x Data Rate (at 500 kb/s MCLK = 8 MHz) WCLK = 2 x Data Rate (at 500 kb/s WCLK = 1 MHz) 237 SERIAL PORT nIOW t1 nRTSx, nDTRx t5 IRQx nCTSx, nDSRx, nDCDx t2 IRQx nIOW t4 t6 t3 IRQx nIOR nRIx FIGURE 21 - SERIAL PORT TIMING TABLE 100 - SERIAL PORT TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 DESCRIPTION nRTSx, nDTRx Delay from nIOW IRQx Active Delay from nCTSx, nDSRx, nDCDx IRQx Inactive Delay from nIOR (Leading Edge) IRQx Inactive Delay from nIOW (Trailing Edge) IRQx Inactive Delay from nIOW IRQx Active Delay from nRIx 10 MIN TYP MAX 200 100 120 125 100 100 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns 238 Parallel Port PD0- PD7 t6 nIOW nINIT, nSTROBE. nAUTOFD, SLCTIN nACK t2 nPINTR (SPP) t1 PINTR (ECP or EPP Enabled) nFAULT (ECP) nERROR (ECP) t5 t2 PINTR t3 t4 t3 FIGURE 22 - PARALLEL PORT TIMING TABLE 101 - PARALLEL PORT TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 Note DESCRIPTION PD0-7, nINIT, nSTROBE, nAUTOFD Delay from nIOW PINTR Delay from nACK, nFAULT PINTR Active Low in ECP and EPP Modes PINTR Delay from nACK nERROR Active to PINTR Active PD0 - PD7 Delay from IOW Active PINTR refers to the IRQ used by the parallel port. 200 MIN TYP MAX 100 60 300 105 105 100 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns 239 EPP 1.9 Data or Address Write Cycle t18 A0-A10 t9 SD<7:0> nIOW IOCHRDY t13 t22 t20 t1 PD<7:0> t14 t16 t3 t4 t17 t8 t10 t11 t12 t19 nWRITE t2 t5 nDATAST nADDRSTB t6 nWAIT PDIR t21 t15 t7 FIGURE 23 - EPP 1.9 DATA OR ADDRESS WRITE CYCLE See timing parameters on next page. 240 TABLE 102 - EPP 1.9 DATA OR ADDRESS WRITE CYCLE TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19 t20 t21 t22 DESCRIPTION nIOW Asserted to PDATA Valid nWAIT Asserted to nWRITE Change (Note 1) nWRITE to Command Asserted nWAIT Deasserted to Command Deasserted (Note 1) nWAIT Asserted to PDATA Invalid (Note 1) Time Out Command Deasserted to nWAIT Asserted SDATA Valid to nIOW Asserted nIOW Deasserted to DATA Invalid nIOW Asserted to IOCHRDY Asserted nWAIT Deasserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted (Note 1) IOCHRDY Deasserted to nIOW Deasserted nIOW Asserted to nWRITE Asserted nWAIT Asserted to Command Asserted (Note 1) Command Asserted to nWAIT Deasserted PDATA Valid to Command Asserted Ax Valid to nIOW Asserted nIOW Asserted to Ax Invalid nIOW Deasserted to nIOW or nIOR Asserted nWAIT Asserted to nWRITE Asserted (Note 1) nWAIT Asserted to PDIR Low PDIR Low to nWRITE Asserted MIN 0 60 5 60 0 10 0 10 0 0 60 10 0 60 0 10 40 10 40 60 0 0 185 70 210 10 24 160 12 TYP MAX 50 185 35 190 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Note 1: nWAIT must be filtered to compensate for ringing on the parallel bus cable. WAIT is considered to have settled after it does not transition for a minimum of 50 nsec. 241 EPP 1.9 Data or Address Read Cycle t20 A0-A10 IOR t19 t13 SD<7:0> t8 t24 t23 PDIR t9 t21 nWRITE t2 t25 PD<7:0> t28 t26 t1 DATASTB ADDRSTB t15 t7 nWAIT t6 t14 t3 t5 PData bus driven by peripheral t11 t12 t18 t10 t22 IOCHRDY t27 t17 t4 t16 FIGURE 24 - EPP 1.9 DATA OR ADDRESS READ CYCLE See timing parameters on next page 242 NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18 t19 t20 t21 t22 t23 t24 t25 t26 t27 t28 Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 TABLE 103 - EPP 1.9 DATA OR ADDRESS READ CYCLE TIMING DESCRIPTION MIN TYP MAX PDATA Hi-Z to Command Asserted nIOR Asserted to PDATA Hi-Z nWAIT Deasserted to Command Deasserted (Note 1) Command Deasserted to PDATA Hi-Z Command Asserted to PDATA Valid PDATA Hi-Z to nWAIT Deasserted PDATA Valid to nWAIT Deasserted nIOR Asserted to IOCHRDY Asserted nWRITE Deasserted to nIOR Asserted (Note 2) nWAIT Deasserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted (Note 1) IOCHRDY Deasserted to nIOR Deasserted nIOR Deasserted to SDATA Hi-Z (Hold Time) PDATA Valid to SDATA Valid nWAIT Asserted to Command Asserted Time Out nWAIT Deasserted to PDATA Driven (Note 1) nWAIT Deasserted to nWRITE Modified (Notes 1,2) SDATA Valid to IOCHRDY Deasserted (Note 3) Ax Valid to nIOR Asserted nIOR Deasserted to Ax Invalid nWAIT Asserted to nWRITE Deasserted nIOR Deasserted to nIOW or nIOR Asserted nWAIT Asserted to PDIR Set (Note 1) PDATA Hi-Z to PDIR Set nWAIT Asserted to PDATA Hi-Z (Note 1) PDIR Set to Command nWAIT Deasserted to PDIR Low (Note 1) 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 10 60 60 0 40 10 0 40 60 0 60 0 60 180 20 180 185 10 185 40 75 195 12 190 190 85 160 24 30 50 180 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns nWRITE Deasserted to Command 1 nWAIT is considered to have settled after it does not transition for a minimum of 50 ns. When not executing a write cycle, EPP nWRITE is inactive high. 85 is true only if t7 = 0. 243 EPP 1.7 Data Or Address Write Cycle t18 A0-A10 t9 SD<7:0> t17 t8 t6 t12 t10 t20 t19 nIOW IOCHRDY t13 nWRITE t1 PD<7:0> t11 t2 t5 t16 t3 nDATAST nADDRSTB t4 t21 nWAIT PDIR FIGURE 25 - EPP 1.7 DATA OR ADDRESS WRITE CYCLE See timing parameters on next page. 244 NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t16 t17 t18 t19 t20 t21 Note 1 Note 2 TABLE 104 - EPP 1.7 DATA OR ADDRESS WRITE CYCLE TIMING DESCRIPTION MIN TYP MAX nIOW Asserted to PDATA Valid Command Deasserted to nWRITE Change nWRITE to Command nIOW Deasserted to Command Deasserted (Note 2) Command Deasserted to PDATA Invalid Time Out SDATA Valid to nIOW Asserted nIOW Deasserted to DATA Invalid nIOW Asserted to IOCHRDY Asserted nWAIT Deasserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted IOCHRDY Deasserted to nIOW Deasserted nIOW Asserted to nWRITE Asserted PDATA Valid to Command Asserted Ax Valid to nIOW Asserted nIOW Deasserted to Ax Invalid nIOW Deasserted to nIOW or nIOR Asserted nWAIT Asserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted Command Deasserted to nWAIT Deasserted 0 10 0 10 40 10 100 45 50 35 50 10 10 0 0 24 40 12 0 0 5 50 40 35 50 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns nWRITE is controlled by clearing the PDIR bit to "0" in the control register before performing an EPP Write. The number is only valid if nWAIT is active when IOW goes active. 245 EPP 1.7 Data or Address Read Cycle t20 A0-A10 t15 t19 nIOR t13 SD<7:0> t8 t3 IOCHRDY t10 t11 t22 t12 nWRITE t5 PD<7:0> t23 nDATASTB nADDRSTB t2 t4 t21 nWAIT PDIR FIGURE 26 - EPP 1.7 DATA OR ADDRESS READ CYCLE See timing parameters on next page. 246 TABLE 105 - EPP 1.7 DAT OR ADDRESS READ CYCLE TIMING NAME t2 t3 t4 t5 t8 t10 t11 t12 t13 t15 t19 t20 t21 t22 t23 Note: DESCRIPTION nIOR Deasserted to Command Deasserted nWAIT Asserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted Command Deasserted to PDATA Hi-Z Command Asserted to PDATA Valid nIOR Asserted to IOCHRDY Asserted nWAIT Deasserted to IOCHRDY Deasserted IOCHRDY Deasserted to nIOR Deasserted nIOR Deasserted to SDATA High-Z (Hold Time) PDATA Valid to SDATA Valid Time Out Ax Valid to nIOR Asserted nIOR Deasserted to Ax Invalid Command Deasserted to nWAIT Deasserted nIOR Deasserted to nIOW or nIOR Asserted nIOR Asserted to Command Asserted 10 40 10 0 40 55 0 0 40 40 12 0 0 0 24 50 MIN TYP MAX 50 40 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns s ns ns ns ns ns WRITE is controlled by setting the PDIR bit to "1" in the control register before performing an EPP Read. 247 ECP PARALLEL PORT TIMING Parallel Port FIFO (Mode 101) The standard parallel port is run at or near the peak 500KBytes/sec allowed in the forward direction using DMA. The state machine does not examine nACK and begins the next transfer based on Busy. Refer to FIGURE 28. ECP Parallel Port Timing Reverse Data Transfer Phase The timing is designed to allow operation at approximately 2.0 Mbytes/sec over a 15ft cable. If a shorter cable is used then the bandwidth will increase. Forward-Idle When the host has no data to send it keeps HostClk (nStrobe) high and the peripheral will leave PeriphClk (Busy) low. Forward Data Transfer Phase The interface transfers data and commands from the host to the peripheral using an interlocked PeriphAck and HostClk. The peripheral may indicate its desire to send data to the host by asserting nPeriphRequest. The Forward Data Transfer Phase may be entered from the Forward-Idle Phase. While in the Forward Phase the peripheral may asynchronously assert the nPeriphRequest (nFault) to request that the channel be reversed. When the peripheral is not busy it sets PeriphAck (Busy) low. The host then sets HostClk (nStrobe) low when it is prepared to send data. The data must be stable for the specified setup time prior to the falling edge of HostClk. The peripheral then sets PeriphAck (Busy) high to acknowledge the handshake. The host then sets HostClk (nStrobe) high. The peripheral then accepts the data and sets PeriphAck (Busy) low, completing the transfer. This sequence is shown in FIGURE 28. The interface transfers data and commands from the peripheral to the host using an interlocked HostAck and PeriphClk. The Reverse Data Transfer Phase may be entered from the ReverseIdle Phase. After the previous byte has beed accepted the host sets HostAck (nALF) low. The peripheral then sets PeriphClk (nACK) low when it has data to send. The data must be stable for the specified setup time prior to the falling edge of PeriphClk. When the host is ready to accept a byte it sets HostAck (nALF) high to acknowledge the handshake. The peripheral then sets PeriphClk (nACK) high. After the host has accepted the data it sets HostAck (nALF) low, completing the transfer. This sequence is shown in FIGURE 29. Output Drivers To facilitate higher performance data transfer, the use of balanced CMOS active drivers for critical signals (Data, HostAck, HostClk, PeriphAck, PeriphClk) are used ECP Mode. Because the use of active drivers can present compatibility problems in Compatible Mode (the control signals, by tradition, are specified as open-collector), the drivers are dynamically changed from open-collector to totem-pole. The timing for the dynamic driver change is specified in the IEEE 1284 Extended Capabilities Port Protocol and ISA Interface Standard, Rev. 1.14, July 14, 1993, available from Microsoft. The dynamic driver change must be implemented properly to prevent glitching the outputs. The timing is designed to provide 3 cable round-trip times for data setup if Data is driven simultaneously with HostClk (nStrobe). Reverse-Idle Phase The peripheral has no data to send and keeps PeriphClk high. The host is idle and keeps HostAck low. 249 t6 t3 PDATA t1 t2 t5 nSTROBE t4 BUSY FIGURE 27 - PARALLEL PORT FIFO TIMING TABLE 106 - PARALLEL PORT FIFO TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 DESCRIPTION DATA Valid to nSTROBE Active nSTROBE Active Pulse Width DATA Hold from nSTROBE Inactive (Note 1) nSTROBE Active to BUSY Active BUSY Inactive to nSTROBE Active BUSY Inactive to PDATA Invalid (Note 1) 680 80 MIN 600 600 450 500 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns Note 1: The data is held until BUSY goes inactive or for time t3, whichever is longer. This only applies if another data transfer is pending. If no other data transfer is pending, the data is held indefinitely. 251 t3 nAUTOFD t4 PDATA<7:0> t2 t1 t7 nSTROBE BUSY t6 t5 t6 t8 FIGURE 28 - ECP PARALLEL PORT FORWARD TIMING TABLE 107 - ECP PARALLEL PORT FORWARD TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 Note 1 Note 2 DESCRIPTION nAUTOFD Valid to nSTROBE Asserted PDATA Valid to nSTROBE Asserted BUSY Deasserted to nAUTOFD Changed (Notes 1,2) BUSY Deasserted to PDATA Changed (Notes 1,2) nSTROBE Deasserted to Busy Asserted nSTROBE Deasserted to Busy Deasserted BUSY Deasserted to nSTROBE Asserted (Notes 1,2) BUSY Asserted to nSTROBE Deasserted (Note 2) MIN 0 0 80 80 0 0 80 80 200 180 TYP MAX 60 60 180 180 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Maximum value only applies if there is data in the FIFO waiting to be written out. BUSY is not considered asserted or deasserted until it is stable for a minimum of 75 to 130 ns. 252 t2 PDATA<7:0> t1 t5 nACK t4 nAUTOFD t3 t4 t6 FIGURE 29 - ECP PARALLEL PORT REVERSE TIMING TABLE 108 - ECP PARALLEL PORT REVERSE TIMING NAME t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 Note 1 Note 2 DESCRIPTION PDATA Valid to nACK Asserted nAUTOFD Deasserted to PDATA Changed nACK Asserted to nAUTOFD Deasserted (Notes 1,2) nACK Deasserted to nAUTOFD Asserted (Note 2) nAUTOFD Asserted to nACK Asserted nAUTOFD Deasserted to nACK Deasserted MIN 0 0 80 80 0 0 200 200 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns Maximum value only applies if there is room in the FIFO and terminal count has not been received. ECP can stall by keeping nAUTOFD low. nACK is not considered asserted or deasserted until it is stable for a minimum of 75 to 130 ns. 253 Serial Port Infrared Timing IRDA SIR RECEIVE DATA 0 t2 t1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 t2 t1 IRRX n IRRX Parameter t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Pulse Width at Bit Time at Bit Time at Bit Time at Bit Time at Bit Time at Bit Time at Bit Time at min 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 typ 1.6 3.22 4.8 9.7 19.5 39 78 8.68 17.4 26 52 104 208 416 max 2.71 3.69 5.53 11.07 22.13 44.27 88.55 units s s s s s s s s s s s s s s 1. Receive Pulse Detection Criteria: A received pulse is considered received pulse is a minimum of 1 41s 2. IRRX: L5, CRF1 Bit 0 nIRRX: L5, CRF1 Bit 0 = 0 FIGURE 30 - IRDA SIR RECEIVE TIMING 254 IRDA SIR TRANSMIT DAT A 0 t2 t1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 t2 t1 IRT X n IRT X Parameter t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t1 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 t2 Pulse Width at 115kbaud Pulse Widt h at 57. 6kbaud Pulse Widt h at 38. 4kbaud Pulse Widt h at 19. 2kbaud Pulse Widt h at 9. 6kbaud Pulse Widt h at 4. 8kbaud Pulse Widt h at 2. 4kbaud Bit T ime at 115kbaud Bit Time at 57.6kbaud Bit Time at 38.4kbaud Bit Time at 19.2kbaud Bit Tim e at 9.6kbaud Bit Tim e at 4.8kbaud Bit Tim e at 2.4kbaud mi n 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 typ 1.6 3.22 4.8 9.7 19.5 39 78 8.68 17.4 26 52 104 208 416 max 2.71 3.69 5.53 11.07 22.13 44.27 88.55 u nits s s s s s s s s s s s s s s Notes: 1. IrDA @ 115k i s HPSIR com pati ble. IrDA @ 2400 wi ll al low compatibilit y with HP95LX and 48SX. 2. IRT X: L5, CRF 1 Bit 1 = 1 (default) nI RT X: L5, CRF1 Bit 1 = 0 FIGURE 31 - IRDA SIR TRANSMIT TIMING 255 ASK IR Receive DA A T 0 t1 IRRX n IRRX 1 t2 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 t3 M IRRX t5 nM IRRX t4 t6 Pa ramet er t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 M odu lated Out put Bit T ime Off Bit Time M odu lated Outp ut " On" M odu lated Out put " Off" M odu lated Outp ut " On" M odu lated Out put " Off" min typ max units s s 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 1 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 s s s s Note s: 1 . IRRX: L 5, CRF 1 Bit 0 = 1 n IRRX: L5 , CRF 1 Bit 0 = 0 (de fault) M IRRX, nMI RRX are the mod ulate d ou tpu ts FIGURE 32 - AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYED IR RECEIVE TIMING 256 ASK IR Transmit DATA 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 t1 IRTX n IRTX t2 t3 MIRTX t5 nMIRTX t4 t6 Parameter t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 Modulated Output Bit Time Off Bit Time Modulated Output "On" Modulated Output "Off" Modulated Output "On" Modulated Output "Off" min typ max units s s 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 1 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 s s s s Notes: 1. IRTX: L5, CRF1 Bit 1 = 1 (default) nIRTX: L5, CRF1 Bit 1 = 0 MIRTX, nMIRTX are the modulated outputs FIGURE 33 - ASK IR TRANSMIT TIMING 257 D D1 102 3 65 103 DETAIL "A" R1 R2 0 L 4 3 64 L1 E E1 D1/4 5 e W E1/4 39 128 38 2 1 A A2 H 1 0.10 -CA1 0 SEE DETAIL "A" MIN A A1 A2 D D1 E E1 H 0.05 2.55 23.65 19.9 17.65 13.9 NOM 23.9 20 17.9 14 MAX 3.4 0.5 3.05 24.15 20.1 18.15 14.1 L L1 e 0 W R1 R2 MIN 0.65 NOM 0.8 1.95 0.5BSC MAX 0.95 0 0.1 0.13 0.13 7 0.3 0.3 Notes: 1) Coplanarity is 0.08 mm or 3.2 mils maximum. 2) Tolerance on the position of the leads is 0.080 mm maximum. 3) Package body dimensions D1 and E1 do not include the mold protrusion. Maximum mold protrusion is 0.25 mm. 4) Dimensions for foot length L measured at the gauge plane 0.25 mm above the seating plane. 5) Details of pin 1 identifier are optional but must be located within the zone indicated. 6) Controlling dimension: millimeter FIGURE 34 - 128 PIN QFP PACKAGE OUTLINE 257 80 ARKAY DRIVE, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788 (631) 435-6000, FAX (631) 273-3123 Copyright (c) 2007 SMSC or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Circuit diagrams and other information relating to SMSC products are included as a means of illustrating typical applications. Consequently, complete information sufficient for construction purposes is not necessarily given. Although the information has been checked and is believed to be accurate, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. SMSC reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. Contact your local SMSC sales office to obtain the latest specifications before placing your product order. The provision of this information does not convey to the purchaser of the described semiconductor devices any licenses under any patent rights or other intellectual property rights of SMSC or others. All sales are expressly conditional on your agreement to the terms and conditions of the most recently dated version of SMSC's standard Terms of Sale Agreement dated before the date of your order (the "Terms of Sale Agreement"). The product may contain design defects or errors known as anomalies which may cause the product's functions to deviate from published specifications. Anomaly sheets are available upon request. SMSC products are not designed, intended, authorized or warranted for use in any life support or other application where product failure could cause or contribute to personal injury or severe property damage. Any and all such uses without prior written approval of an Officer of SMSC and further testing and/or modification will be fully at the risk of the customer. Copies of this document or other SMSC literature, as well as the Terms of Sale Agreement, may be obtained by visiting SMSC's website at http://www.smsc.com. SMSC is a registered trademark of Standard Microsystems Corporation ("SMSC"). Product names and company names are the trademarks of their respective holders. SMSC DISCLAIMS AND EXCLUDES ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND AGAINST INFRINGEMENT AND THE LIKE, AND ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES ARISING FROM ANY COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SMSC BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES; OR FOR LOST DATA, PROFITS, SAVINGS OR REVENUES OF ANY KIND; REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT; TORT; NEGLIGENCE OF SMSC OR OTHERS; STRICT LIABILITY; BREACH OF WARRANTY; OR OTHERWISE; WHETHER OR NOT ANY REMEDY OF BUYER IS HELD TO HAVE FAILED OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE, AND WHETHER OR NOT SMSC HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. FDC37B78x Rev. 02-09-07 |
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